Hypercoagulable syndrome

Increased blood clotting is a hypercoagulation syndrome. Let's consider the main causes of this condition, types, stages, methods of treatment and prevention.

Blood clotting disorder or coagulopathy can be of both physiological and pathological nature. Human blood consists of formed elements (platelets, erythrocytes, leukocytes) and a liquid part (plasma). Normally, the composition of the biological fluid is balanced and has a hematocrit ratio of 4:6 in favor of the liquid part. If this balance shifts toward formed elements, then blood thickening occurs. Increased density may be associated with an increase in the amount of prothrombin and fibrinogen.

Blood clotting is an indicator of the body's protective reaction to bleeding. At the slightest damage to blood vessels, blood elements form blood clots that stop blood loss. Clotting is not constant and largely depends on the state of the body, i.e. it can change throughout life.

In a normal state of the body, bleeding stops in 3-4 minutes, and a blood clot appears in 10-15 minutes. If this happens much faster, it indicates hypercoagulation. This condition is dangerous, as it can cause thrombosis, varicose veins, heart attacks, strokes and damage to internal organs (gastrointestinal tract, kidneys). Due to thick blood, the body suffers from oxygen deficiency, general well-being and performance deteriorate. In addition, the risk of blood clots increases.

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Epidemiology

According to medical statistics, the epidemiology of hypercoagulation syndrome is 5-10 cases per 100 thousand population. The pattern of disease development is associated with the prevalence of risk factors for the pathology.

The disorder occurs due to congenital and acquired disorders. Most often due to external factors: various diseases, improper use of medications, vitamin deficiency, insufficient water intake, and much more.

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Causes hypercoagulable syndrome

Hypercoagulation has no pronounced clinical symptoms. Sometimes patients complain of headaches, lethargy and general weakness. The causes of hypercoagulation syndrome are usually divided into genetic and acquired.

• Congenital – family history of thrombophilia, unexplained miscarriages, recurrent blood clots before age 40.
• Acquired – bad habits (smoking, alcoholism), excess weight and obesity, high cholesterol, aging, pregnancy, use of birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy, prolonged bed rest due to surgery or any disease, lack of physical activity, dehydration, hypothermia, heavy metal poisoning, microbial invasions, deficiency of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, thermal and chemical burns.

Increased blood clotting is most often congenital, but can occur due to external factors. The following conditions are distinguished in which pathology can develop:

• Long-term stressful experiences and neuroses.
• Vascular injuries.
• Erythremia.
• Contact of blood with foreign surfaces.
• Oncological diseases.
• Autoimmune diseases: aplastic anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
• Hematogenous thrombophilia.
• Prolonged bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract.
• Antiphospholipid syndrome.
• Artificial heart valve or use of a heart-lung machine.
• Large hemangiomas.
• Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries.
• Taking contraceptives.
• Use of estrogens during menopause.
• Pregnancy and postpartum period.
• Von Willebrand disease.

The disease can be caused by several factors at once. The methods of diagnosis and treatment depend on the cause of the disorder.

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Risk factors

There are certain risk factors that provoke a blood clotting disorder, i.e. hypercoagulation. The pathological condition may be associated with the following conditions:

• Water deficiency – blood is 85% water, and plasma is 90%. A decrease in these indicators leads to thickening of the biological fluid. Particular attention should be paid to the water balance in the summer due to the heat and in winter, when the air in the room is dry. Fluid reserves must be replenished during sports, as the body increases heat transfer for cooling.
• Fermentopathy is a pathological condition in which there is a deficiency of food enzymes or disturbances in their activity. This leads to incomplete breakdown of food components, which causes underoxidized decay products to enter the blood, acidifying and thickening it.
• Improper nutrition – a number of food products (eggs, legumes and cereals) contain heat-stable protein inhibitors that form stable complexes with gastrointestinal proteinases. This leads to disruption of protein digestion and absorption. Undigested amino acids enter the blood and disrupt its coagulation. The pathological condition may be associated with overeating carbohydrates, fructose and sugar.
• Vitamin and mineral deficiency – water-soluble vitamins (group B, C) are necessary for the biosynthesis of enzymes. Their deficiency leads to incomplete digestion of food and, as a result, hypercoagulation. It is also possible to develop certain diseases and deteriorate the protective properties of the immune system.
• Liver dysfunction – daily the organ synthesizes 15-20 g of blood proteins, which are responsible for regulatory and transport functions. Biosynthesis disorder provokes pathological changes in the chemical composition of the blood.

In addition to the above factors, the disease may be associated with the presence of parasites in the body, damage to blood vessels or hyperfunction of the spleen.

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Pathogenesis

The mechanism of development of increased blood coagulability depends on pathological factors causing the disorder. Pathogenesis is associated with depletion of plasma factors, activation of fibrinolysis and formation of fibrin, reduction of the number of platelets, their adhesion and aggregation.

Hypercoagulation syndrome is characterized by the release of proaggregants and procoagulants, damage to endothelial cells. As the pathological condition progresses, loose thrombi are formed. Consumption of factors of the coagulation, anticoagulation and fibrinolytic systems of the body gradually increases.

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Symptoms hypercoagulable syndrome

Increased blood viscosity has no characteristic manifestations. But there are a number of disorders that may indicate the disease. The following symptoms of hypercoagulation syndrome are distinguished:

• Rapid fatigue due to poor oxygen supply to the brain, as a result of excessive blood thickness.
• Aching headaches.
• Dizziness with brief loss of coordination.
• Muscle weakness.
• Fainting and nausea.
• Impaired sensitivity in the arms and legs: paresthesia, numbness, burning.
• Increased dryness, cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes.
• Increased sensitivity to cold.
• Sleep disorders, insomnia.
• Painful sensations in the heart area: tingling, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat.
• Depressive state, increased anxiety and absent-mindedness.
• Decreased hearing and vision, tinnitus.
• Increased lacrimation and burning sensation in the eyes.
• High hemoglobin levels.
• Slow bleeding from cuts and wounds.
• Miscarriage, repeated miscarriages.
• Presence of chronic diseases.
• Frequent yawning due to lack of oxygen to the brain.
• Cold feet, heaviness and pain in the legs, protruding veins.

The above symptoms require careful differential diagnostics. After a set of instrumental and laboratory studies, the doctor can identify blood thickening syndrome.

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First signs

Like any disease, blood clotting disorder has certain initial signs. Symptoms of the pathology may manifest themselves as follows:

• Circulating immune complexes in the blood as a response to the entry of foreign bodies: activated complement components C1-C3, organ-specific fetal antigens, maternal antibodies.
• Erythrocytosis and hyperthrombocytosis.
• Unstable blood pressure.
• Increased prothrombin index and platelet aggregation.

Sometimes the clinical picture of the disease is completely absent. In these cases, the disease is determined by taking blood from a vein, when the biological fluid coagulates in the needle.

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Hypercoagulability syndrome in liver cirrhosis

Many diseases lead to changes in the chemical composition of the blood. Hypercoagulation syndrome in liver cirrhosis is associated with the destruction and death of organ cells. The pathological process is accompanied by chronic inflammation and disruption of many body functions.

Procoagulant imbalance and the severity of thrombotic complications depend entirely on the stage of cirrhosis. But even early stages of the disease lead to the hemostasis system remaining unstable for a long time, causing disruptions in the blood composition and significant deviations from the norm.

Treatment of increased viscosity of biological fluid in liver cirrhosis is very difficult. This is due to the risk of developing thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications, i.e. the patient may suffer from thrombosis or blood loss.

Hypercoagulability syndrome in pregnancy

Blood thickening in the expectant mother may be associated with hereditary pathologies or develop due to a number of negative factors. Hypercoagulation syndrome during pregnancy occurs due to the carriage of thrombophilia genes, dehydration, obesity, stress, vascular tone disorders, overheating or hypodynamia.

The presence of such conditions does not necessarily indicate a severe pregnancy. The younger the female body, the higher its resistance to various pathologies and the lower the chances of developing the syndrome. If a woman has a predisposition to thrombophilia, then very often the first pregnancy proceeds absolutely normally, but it can become an activator of hypercoagulation syndrome. Then the second pregnancy becomes more risky.

Complications of increased blood viscosity during pregnancy:

• Termination of pregnancy at any stage.
• Regressing pregnancy.
• Intrauterine fetal death.
• Bleeding and placental abruption.
• Placental insufficiency.
• Delays in fetal development.
• Deterioration of uteroplacental blood flow.
• Bleeding during childbirth.
• Gestosis.

To minimize the above complications, it is necessary to plan pregnancy correctly. If there are signs of hypercoagulation, then disease prevention should be carried out before conception. Even with minimal changes in the hemostasis system, normal gestation and birth of a healthy baby is possible. In case of severe disorders detected at an early stage, the expectant mother will receive special treatment that will normalize blood clotting.

Stages

Increased blood clotting has certain stages of development, which are based on the symptoms of the disease. Based on the pathogenesis, hypercoagulation syndrome has the following stages:

• Hypercoagulation – thromboplastin enters the blood, which triggers coagulation processes and the formation of blood clots.
• Consumption coagulopathy – at this stage, there is an intensive consumption of coagulation factors and an increase in fibrinolytic activity.
• Due to the consumption of components of the blood coagulation system, incoagulability and thrombocytopenia occur.

When a bleeding injury occurs, a protective mechanism is triggered. The blood quickly coagulates and blood clots form in the wound. The stage of the disease determines its treatment.

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Forms

Hypercoagulation can be primary, that is, caused by hereditary factors, and secondary, which develops due to external irritants. Let's consider in more detail the main types of the disease:

• Congenital – caused by a decrease in the qualitative and/or quantitative composition of the blood. There are several forms of the pathological condition. The most common are hemophilia A, B, C, which can occur in both men and women, regardless of their age.
• Acquired – the disorder is associated with complications of some disease. In many patients, increased blood viscosity develops with infectious diseases, liver pathologies or tumor processes.

Types of hypercoagulation are distinguished by their characteristic symptoms. During diagnosis, the stage and type of the disease are taken into account, since the treatment method depends on this.

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Complications and consequences

Hyperviscosity syndrome can cause serious consequences and complications. Most often, elderly people and men face the pathology. According to medical statistics, the disorder can lead to such problems as:

• Hypertension.
• Atherosclerosis.
• Frozen pregnancy in the early stages.
• Spontaneous late-term abortions and miscarriages.
• Infertility of unknown etiology.
• Varicose veins.
• Stroke, heart attack.
• Headaches and migraines.
• Thrombosis of retinal vessels.
• Thrombocytopenia.

The most dangerous consequence is the tendency to thrombosis and thrombus formation. As a rule, small vessels are thrombosed. This creates the risk that the thrombus will block a cerebral vessel or a coronary artery. Such thromboses are called acute necrosis of the tissues of the affected organ, leading to the development of ischemic stroke or myocardial infarction.

The risk of complications in hypercoagulation syndrome largely depends on the underlying cause of its occurrence. The main goal of therapy is to eliminate the underlying disease and prevent its complications.

Miscarriage and hypercoagulability syndrome

Sudden termination of pregnancy due to blood clotting disorder occurs in every third woman with this problem. The condition of the blood is very important, as it supports the vital activity of two or more organisms at once. More viscous blood flows slowly and heavily through the vessels and cannot cope with the functions assigned to it. The body suffers due to the increased load on all organs and systems.

During pregnancy, hypercoagulation provokes weak circulation of biological fluid, due to which oxygen and nutrients reach the baby in a smaller amount, and fetal waste products are retained in the placenta. Miscarriage and hypercoagulation syndrome are based on the risk of developing such complications:

• Intrauterine fetal hypoxia
• Intrauterine growth retardation
• Impaired blood flow in the mother-placenta-fetus system
• Frozen pregnancy and miscarriage.

To prevent this condition during the period of conception planning, it is very important to undergo a comprehensive examination of the body. A coagulogram, i.e. a blood clotting test, is mandatory. Signs of increased blood viscosity during pregnancy are elevated values of a number of indicators:

• High fibrinogen levels: normally 2-4 g/l, by the end of pregnancy the value can reach 6 g/l.
• Acceleration of thrombin time.
• Presence of lupus anticoagulant.
• Decreased activated partial thromboplastin time.

Such deviations indicate a violation of blood functions. Ignoring this condition threatens termination of pregnancy and a number of other complications for both the mother and the fetus.

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Diagnostics hypercoagulable syndrome

Clinical signs of increased blood clotting do not appear in all patients. Diagnosis of hypercoagulation syndrome in most cases is associated with the development of complications of the pathological condition. That is, based on any deviations or violations, a number of clarifying studies are carried out.

The doctor collects anamnesis: evaluates the nature of complaints, the presence of hereditary factors or interrupted pregnancies. A comprehensive laboratory study is indicated to detect hypercoagulation. In severe stages of the disease, when there are all the signs of thrombophilia, instrumental diagnostic methods are used, which allow assessing the overall picture of the disease. Also, increased coagulability is differentiated from various disorders with similar symptoms.

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Tests

To detect increased blood clotting, the patient is prescribed laboratory tests:

• General blood test, hematocrit – determines the number of formed elements of biological fluid, the level of hemoglobin and their proportions with the total blood volume.
• Coagulogram – allows you to obtain information about the state of the hemostasis system, the integrity of blood vessels, the level of coagulation, and the duration of bleeding.
• Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) – evaluates the efficiency of the coagulation pathway (intrinsic, general). Determines the level of plasma factors, anticoagulants and inhibitors in the blood.

Particular attention is paid to the behavior of blood when it is taken from a vein. In the presence of hypercoagulation, it can clot in the needle. The disease is confirmed by the following test results: shortening of the clotting time and prothrombin time, high fibrinogen, prolongation of fibrinolysis, shortening of APTT, increase in platelet aggregation with agonists, growth of the prothrombin index, increase in the amount of D-dimer. An analysis may also be prescribed to study the genes of platelet receptors. That is, genetic markers of hypercoagulation.

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Instrumental diagnostics

A comprehensive examination of the body in case of suspected hypercoagulation syndrome involves instrumental diagnostics. This study is necessary to determine the condition of the internal organs (liver, spleen, brain, intestines), as well as the condition of the veins, lumens, valves and the presence of thrombotic masses.

• Ultrasound Dopplerography – determines the speed and direction of blood flow in the vessels. Provides information about the anatomy and structure of the veins.
• Phlebography is an X-ray examination using an iodine-containing contrast agent to detect blood clots.
• Magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound examination – examine the general condition of the body, identify various abnormalities.

Based on the test results, treatment or a range of additional tests may be prescribed.

Differential diagnosis

Blood clotting defect can be caused by various factors, differential diagnostics are necessary to establish the true cause of the pathology. Increased viscosity of biological fluid is differentiated from Werlhof's disease, autoimmune disorders, thrombocytopenia and disorder of clotting factors for which vitamin K is necessary, pathologies of internal organs, especially the liver.

Hemostasis disorder is compared with disseminated intravascular coagulation, i.e. DIC syndrome, as well as with malignant neoplasms and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Based on the results of a set of studies, the doctor makes a treatment plan or gives preventive recommendations.

Treatment hypercoagulable syndrome

To restore normal blood flow and eliminate increased blood viscosity, you need to visit a doctor who will prescribe a set of diagnostic examinations and tests. Treatment of hypercoagulation syndrome during pregnancy is individual for each woman. Taking into account all the characteristics of the body, the doctor makes a treatment plan.

In case of significant changes in the hemostasis system, the expectant mother is prescribed anticoagulants, i.e. drugs that reduce the risk of thrombus formation: Warfarin, Heparin, Fragmin. The drugs are administered subcutaneously, the course lasts about 10 days. After treatment, a hemostasiogram is performed to assess the therapy. Antiplatelet agents that slow down the process of platelet aggregation, reducing blood viscosity, can also be prescribed: Acetylsalicylic acid, Cardiomagnyl, Thrombo ASS.

Special attention is paid to diet therapy. To correct the state of blood viscosity during pregnancy, it is recommended to eat foods rich in vitamin E. Food should be boiled, stewed or steamed. The diet should include fermented milk products, vegetables, fruits, meat and fish. At the same time, it is forbidden to eat canned, pickled, fatty and fried foods, as well as sweets, baked goods, potatoes, alcohol and carbonated drinks.

Medicines

Treatment of hypercoagulation syndrome is aimed at eliminating the causes that provoked the pathology, restoring the volume of circulating blood, correcting hemodynamics and hemostasis disorders, improving microcirculation and maintaining hematocrit at an optimal level. The doctor selects medications based on the test results and the general condition of the patient.

Medicines for hypercoagulation are necessary to thin the blood and prevent thrombus formation. Patients may be prescribed the following medications:

1. Antiplatelet agents are a group of medications that prevent the formation of blood clots. They act at the stage of blood clotting, when platelet aggregation occurs. The active components inhibit the processes of platelet adhesion, preventing an increase in the level of coagulability.

• Thrombo ASS is a drug with the active ingredient acetylsalicylic acid. Reduces the level of thromboxane in platelets, reduces their aggregation, inhibits fibrin formation. It is used to prevent hemostasis system disorders. Tablets are taken 1-2 pieces 1 time per day, the duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician. Side effects are manifested in the form of attacks of nausea and vomiting, possible pain in the epigastric region, ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, anemia, increased tendency to bleeding, various allergic reactions, headaches and dizziness. The drug is contraindicated in case of intolerance to its components, erosive lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and in the first trimester of pregnancy.
• Cardiomagnyl - tablets containing acetylsalicylic acid and magnesium hydroxide. The drug is used for primary prevention of thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases, as well as chronic and acute ischemic heart disease. The drug is taken 1-2 tablets per day, the course of treatment is individual for each patient. Side effects: decreased platelet aggregation, aplastic anemia, hypoglycemia, thrombocytopenia. The drug is contraindicated in case of intolerance to its components, various allergic reactions, kidney diseases, gastrointestinal tract. Overdose manifestations of increased side effects.
• Acetylsalicylic acid is an NSAID with a pronounced antiplatelet effect. The mechanism of action of the drug is based on the blockade of enzymes responsible for regulating the synthesis and metabolism of prostaglandins in platelets and vascular walls. The drug is used to prevent the formation of blood clots, reduces fever and pain. The dosage depends entirely on the severity of the pathological condition.

2. Anticoagulants are a group of drugs that suppress the activity of the hemostasis system. They reduce the risk of blood thickening by reducing fibrin formation. They affect the biosynthesis of substances that inhibit coagulation processes and change the viscosity of biological fluid.

• Warfarin is a medication that contains substances that prevent blood from clotting. It inhibits the action of vitamin K, reduces the risk of blood clots. It is used for hypercoagulation, venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, acute myocardial infarction and other conditions associated with a violation of the hemostasis system. The drug is taken for 6-12 months, the dosage is determined by the attending physician. Side effects include digestive system disorders, possibly increased activity of liver enzymes, the appearance of pigmentation on the body, hair loss, heavy and prolonged menstruation. The drug is contraindicated in acute bleeding, during pregnancy, acute arterial hypertension, severe renal and hepatic dysfunction.
• Heparin is a direct-acting anticoagulant that inhibits blood clotting. It is used to treat and prevent thromboembolic diseases and their complications, thromboses, acute myocardial infarction, embolic conditions, and to prevent blood clotting during laboratory diagnostics. The dosage and duration of treatment are individual for each patient. Side effects include the risk of bleeding. Heparin is contraindicated in hemorrhagic diathesis and other blood hypocoagulation conditions.
• Fragmin - has a direct effect on the blood coagulation/anticoagulation system. It is used for thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, for the prevention of increased blood viscosity, myocardial infarction and unstable angina. The drug is administered subcutaneously, the dosage is determined by the attending physician. Overdose symptoms occur in 1% of patients, these can be various disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and blood system. The drug is contraindicated in case of intolerance to its components, coagulopathy, septic endocarditis, recent operations on the central nervous system, organs of vision or hearing.

3. Fibrinolytics – destroy fibrin threads that form the structure of blood clots, dissolve blood clots and thin the blood. Such drugs are used only in extreme cases, as they can cause increased platelet aggregation and increase the risk of thrombophilia.

• Thromboflux is a fibrinolytic agent that dissolves fibrin in blood clots and thrombi. It is used for increased blood viscosity, as a preventive measure for thrombosis, and for acute myocardial infarction. The dosage is determined by the doctor. Side effects and overdose symptoms include hemostasis disorders, allergic reactions, and adverse gastrointestinal symptoms.
• Fortelizin - activates plasminogen, reduces the level of fibrinogen in the blood. It is used in acute myocardial infarction and for the prevention of hypercoagulation syndrome. The drug is administered intravenously, the dosage and duration of therapy are determined by the doctor, individually for each patient. Side effects: bleeding of varying severity, allergic reactions. The drug is contraindicated in diseases with increased bleeding, recent injuries and extensive surgeries, liver and central nervous system diseases.

In particularly severe cases, patients are prescribed intravenous drip administration of colloidal and crystalloid solutions, transfusion of donor blood. All blood thinning drugs are used only as prescribed by a doctor. Independent use of such drugs can lead to the development of bleeding and a number of other equally serious complications.

Vitamins

Treatment of increased blood viscosity consists not only of drug therapy, but also the use of vitamins and minerals that are beneficial to the body and restore the hemostasis system. Vitamins are prescribed depending on the stage of the disease.

Let's consider what vitamins need to be taken for blood thickening and for its prevention:

• Vitamin E is an antioxidant that rejuvenates the body and slows down the aging process. It is found in whole grains of cereal crops, sprouted wheat grains, chestnuts, bran, broccoli, olive oil, animal liver, avocado, and sunflower seeds.
• Vitamin C – has antioxidant properties, participates in the synthesis of structural elements of venous walls. Contained in citrus fruits, bell peppers, watermelons, pears, apples, grapes, potatoes, rose hips, black currants, garlic.
• Vitamin P – strengthens the walls of blood vessels, inhibits enzymes that destroy hyaluronic acid and disrupt the composition of hemostasis. Contained in citrus fruits, apricots, raspberries, walnuts, cabbage, grapes, peppers.

In addition to the above vitamins, for the prevention and treatment of hypercoagulation, it is necessary to take products with hesperidin (increases vascular tone, found in lemons, tangerines, oranges), quercetin (reduces the risk of thrombophlebitis, found in cherries, garlic, green tea, apples, onions). At the same time, it is recommended to avoid products rich in vitamin K, as it promotes blood thickening.

Physiotherapy treatment

To eliminate hypercoagulation syndrome and normalize the hemostasis system, combination therapy is used. Physiotherapy is necessary to consolidate the results achieved. In case of increased blood viscosity, hirudotherapy is recommended, as it is one of the most effective ways to thin thick blood. The action of this method is based on the composition of leech saliva, which contains hirudin and a number of other enzymes that thin the biological fluid and prevent the formation of blood clots.

Hirudotherapy is performed in health resorts or hydrotherapy centers. Despite the positive effect on the body, the physiotherapy procedure has a number of contraindications: severe forms of anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypotension, the presence of malignant tumors, cachexia, hemorrhagic diathesis, pregnancy and recent cesarean section, age of patients under 7 years and individual intolerance. In all other cases, hirudotherapy is used in combination with drug treatment.

Folk remedies

Thick blood syndrome can be eliminated not only with the help of medications, but also by using non-traditional methods. Folk treatment is based on the use of medicinal plants that thin the blood.

• Take 100 g of Japanese pagoda tree seeds and pour 500 ml of vodka over them. The remedy should be infused for 14 days in a dark, cool place. The medicine is taken 3 times a day before meals, 10 drops per ¼ glass of water.
• Take 20 g of meadowsweet, pour 250 ml of boiling water and check in a water bath. As soon as the remedy cools down, it should be filtered and taken before meals, 1/3 cup.
• Mix 20 g of succession with 10 g of coriander fruit, licorice root, chamomile, sweet clover, toadflax and marsh cudweed. Pour 500 ml of boiling water over the herbal mixture and let it brew in a closed container for 2-3 hours. After cooling, strain the infusion and take 200 ml 2-3 times a day. If desired, you can add honey to the medicine; it is better to take it after meals.

To reduce platelet activity and thin the blood, you can use grape juice. It is enough to drink a glass of the drink per day and the hemostasis system will be normal. Infusions, compotes and jam from raspberries and garlic are also useful. Before using alternative methods of treatment, you must consult a doctor and make sure there are no contraindications.

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Herbal treatment

Another alternative treatment for hypercoagulation syndrome is herbal treatment. Let's look at the most effective recipes for blood thinning:

• Take equal parts dandelion grass and blackthorn flowers. Pour 500 ml of boiling water over the herbal mixture and let it brew for 3-4 hours. Strain the remedy and take ½ cup 3-4 times a day. It is not recommended to eat meat and eggs during treatment.
• Pour 250 ml of boiling water over a teaspoon of sweet clover and take 2 glasses 2-3 times a day. The infusion has antispasmodic properties and reduces blood viscosity. The course of treatment is 30 days.
• Wash and chop 200 g of fresh mulberry roots thoroughly. Place the raw materials in a saucepan and pour in 3 liters of cold water. The remedy should be infused for 1-2 hours, after which it should be put on low heat, and after boiling, remove and cool. Strain the finished decoction and take 200 ml 2-3 times a day before meals. The course of treatment is 5 days with a break of 2-3 days, to restore normal hemostasis, 2-3 courses are necessary.
• Take a liter glass jar and fill it with chopped porcini mushrooms. Pour vodka over it and leave it for 14 days in a dark, cool place. After 2 weeks, strain and squeeze out the raw materials. Take the infusion 1 teaspoon, diluted in 50 ml of water 1-2 times a day.
• Ginkgo biloba has blood-thinning properties. Pour 500 ml of vodka over 50 g of dried leaves of the plant and let it brew for 14 days. After that, strain the tincture and take 1 teaspoon 2-3 times a day before meals. The course of treatment is a month with breaks of 5-7 days.

When treating hypercoagulation with herbs, it is strictly contraindicated to use plants with blood-clotting properties (nettle, water pepper). Before using folk remedies, a doctor's consultation is necessary, since many recipes have contraindications.

Homeopathy

Thick blood has a negative impact on the entire body. Both traditional and non-traditional methods are used to treat this problem. Homeopathy is an alternative method, but when used correctly, it can help with hypercoagulation.

Popular homeopathic remedies for increased blood clotting:

• Aesculus 3, 6
• Apis mellifica 3, 6
• Belladonna 3, 6
• Hamamelis virginica 3
• Aorta suis-Injee
• Vienna with Injeel

The above-mentioned medications can only be used as prescribed by a homeopathic physician who has reviewed the patient's medical history and conducted a series of examinations. Using such medications on your own is life-threatening.

Surgical treatment

Surgical methods of eliminating blood clotting disorders are used extremely rarely. Surgical treatment is possible if hypercoagulation syndrome has led to abscess formation of venous thrombophlebitis. In this case, the patient is prescribed surgery to install a titanium cava filter. If the syndrome has caused arterial thrombosis of the vessels of the extremities or parenchymatous organs, then surgical thrombectomy is performed.

Surgical treatment of hemostasis is ineffective without adequate drug therapy with components of the blood coagulation system. Surgery can be performed in the treatment of the underlying disease that caused blood thickening. But even in this case, a course of blood thinning medications is included in the treatment plan.

Prevention

Patients with hypercoagulation syndrome or those at increased risk of developing it should follow preventive recommendations from specialists to prevent the disease. Prevention of hypercoagulation is based on identifying patients at risk, i.e. pregnant women, the elderly, people with oncological pathologies and diseases with impaired blood coagulation.

To prevent hypercoagulation and thrombophilia, it is necessary to give up bad habits (smoking, alcoholism), eat right and follow a drinking regimen, play sports and spend a lot of time outdoors. It is also recommended to optimize your daily routine, get enough sleep, avoid conflicts and stressful situations if possible, promptly treat any diseases and periodically take blood tests.

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Forecast

Hypercoagulation syndrome has an ambiguous outcome. The prognosis of the pathological condition depends entirely on the severity of the underlying disease, the general condition of the patient's body and the nature of hemostasis changes. If increased blood viscosity is detected at early stages, the prognosis is favorable. Advanced stages of the disorder require long-term and serious treatment, as they can lead to dangerous complications and consequences.

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