Endocrine infertility

Anovulatory (endocrine) infertility - a violation of the reproductive function of a woman, caused by the lack of normal folliculogenesis in the ovaries and ovulation.

Anovulation is not a disease, but a symptom that is expressed by various clinical manifestations, from luteal insufficiency to oligomenorrhoea.

[1], [2], [3]

Epidemiology

The frequency of pathology is 30-40% among all forms of female infertility.

[4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9]

Forms

There are following forms of endocrine infertility:

• gonadotropic insufficiency;
• polycystic ovarian syndrome;
• ovarian insufficiency;
• hyperprolactinemia;
• hypothyroidism.

[10], [11], [12], [13]

Complications and consequences

Complications of anovulation include:

• Hyperplasia of the endometrium.
• Insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes mellitus.
• Cardiovascular diseases.
• Venous thromboembolism.
• Electrolyte disorders.
• Arrhythmias.

[14], [15], [16], [17], [18],

Diagnostics of the endocrine infertility

Anovulatory infertility is characterized by the polymorphism of clinical and laboratory manifestations, but there is only one sign that unites all forms of endocrine infertility - anovulation.

[19], [20]

Treatment of the endocrine infertility

The goal of the treatment is to ensure the process of ovulation and the onset of pregnancy. The tactics of therapy depend on the form of endocrine infertility, use various hormonal and nonhormonal drugs, some of them used in preparatory stages of treatment, others - directly in the process of induction of ovulation.