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Encephalitis caused by the herpes simplex virus: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Herpes simplex virus is referred to as pantropic viruses, capable of affecting various organs and systems (skin, mucous membranes, nervous system, liver). The virus penetrates into the central nervous system by hematogenous and perineural pathways. Characterized by a persistent persistence in the body and the ability to periodically activate under the influence of nonspecific factors.
Symptoms of encephalitis caused by the herpes simplex virus
Encephalitis caused by the herpes simplex virus begins acutely, with the rise in body temperature. Meningeal symptoms appear quickly, and general epileptic seizures often occur. Focal symptoms are manifested by central mono- and hemiparesis, hyperkinesis. In the cerebrospinal fluid, pleocytosis is detected with a predominance of lymphocytes (up to several hundred cells in 1 μl), an increase in the protein content (up to 2-3 g / l), mild xanthochromia or a small admixture of erythrocytes.
The diagnosis is confirmed by various serological reactions and by the method of immunofluorescent antibodies. With CT, early detection of zones of pathologically lower density in the brain substance is revealed.
The current is usually heavy. Mortality is significantly higher than with other viral diseases of the nervous system. In rare cases, complete recovery without consequences. Predominantly in the transferred herpetic encephalitis, focal symptoms persist, EEG - "giant" slow waves.
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