Injuries and poisonings

Open bite: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

According to literature, open bite (mordex apertus) occurs in 1.7% of children, and more often in older children than in younger children. This type of bite accounts for 1-2% of the total number of its violations.

Overdevelopment of the upper jaw (upper pronation): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

In children, upper prognathism accounts for 50-60% of all deformations of the dental and jaw system. Among the endogenous etiological factors, rickets and respiratory dysfunction (for example, due to hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils) should be mentioned first of all.

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint is a fibrous or bony fusion of the articular surfaces, causing partial or complete disappearance of the joint space.

Contracture of the lower jaw: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Contracture of the lower jaw (Latin contrahere - to tighten, to contract) is a sharp limitation of mobility in the temporomandibular joint due to pathological changes in the soft tissues surrounding it and functionally associated with it.

Fistulas of salivary glands and their excretory ducts: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Fistulas of the submandibular salivary gland are extremely rare in peacetime. They usually occur as a result of gunshot wounds to the submandibular region.

Upper jaw underdevelopment (upper micrognathia, opistognathia): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Underdevelopment of the upper jaw (upper micrognathia, opisthognathia) is a type of deformation that is relatively rare and very difficult to treat surgically.

Lower jaw defects: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Depending on the etiology, all defects of the lower jaw are divided into two main groups: gunshot and non-gunshot. The first group of defects is characteristic mainly of wartime.

Macrogenia

Macrogeny is one of the most severe facial deformations, accounting for 1.5 to 4.28% of all bite anomalies.

Underdevelopment of the mandible (microgenia, retrognathia): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Congenital complete absence of the lower jaw or its individual fragments, as well as a "double" jaw, are extremely rare in practice. Usually, the surgeon encounters either underdevelopment or excessive development of the lower jaw, i.e. microgenia or progenia.

Anomalies and deformities of the jaws

The size and shape of the jaws can vary greatly according to the individual size and shape of the entire face.

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