Diseases of the lungs, bronchi and pleura (pulmonology)

Hospital-acquired pneumonia

Intrahospital pneumonia develops at least 48 hours after hospitalization. The most frequent pathogens are gram-negative bacilli and Staphylococcus aureus; drug resistant microorganisms are a significant problem.

Acute bronchitis

Acute bronchitis is an inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, usually after acute respiratory infections. Usually it is a viral infection, although sometimes a bacterial infection; pathogens are rarely detected. The most frequent symptoms of acute bronchitis are cough with or without phlegm and / or fever.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by the presence of partially reversible airway obstruction caused by a pathological inflammatory response to toxins, often cigarette smoke.

Deficiency of alpha1-antitrypsin

Deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin is a congenital deficiency of predominantly pulmonary antiproteinase alpha-1 antitrypsin, leading to increased protease destruction of tissue and emphysema in adults.

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is a hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus fumigatus, which occurs almost exclusively in patients with bronchial asthma or, more rarely, cystic fibrosis. Immune responses to aspergillus antigens cause airway obstruction and, if there is no treatment, bronchiectasis and pulmonary fibrosis.

Disturbance of ventilation

Disturbance of ventilation is an increase of RaCO2 (hypercapnia), when the respiratory function can not be more provided by the forces of the body.

Respiratory arrest

The cessation of gas exchange in the lungs (cessation of breathing) for more than 5 minutes can cause damage to vital organs, especially the brain.

Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure is a severe arterial hypoxemia refractory to oxygen treatment.

Tuberculosis and chronic nonspecific lung diseases

In everyday clinical activities, TB doctors, pulmonologists often face the problem of the interrelationship between chronic nonspecific lung diseases (CHDL) and tuberculosis.

Pneumoconiosis

Pneumoconiosis (from the Greek pneumon - lung, conis - dust) is the reaction of the lung tissue to the accumulation of dust in it. Aggressive dust particles can stimulate the formation of connective tissue in the pulmonary parenchyma.

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