Diagnosis of influenza during the epidemic outbreak is not difficult. It is based on the detection of typical manifestations of the disease (intoxication, catarrhal syndrome mainly in the form of tracheitis).
The flu always begins acutely. There are typical symptoms of influenza: a feeling of weakness, aches in muscles and joints, chills. The temperature can rise from subfebrile to hyperthermia for several hours, reaching a maximum in the first day of the disease.
Influenza pathogens - orthomixoviruses (family Orthomyxoviridae) - RNA-containing complex viruses. They got their name because of the affinity for the mucoproteins of the affected cells and the ability to join the glycoproteins - the surface receptors of the cells. The family includes the genus Influenzavirus, which contains viruses of three serotypes: A, B and C.
Influenza (Grippus, Influenza) is an acute infectious disease with an aerosol transmitting mechanism of the pathogen, characterized by a massive spread, short-term fever, intoxication and airway disease, and a high incidence of complications.
Modern treatment of HIV infection can suppress viral replication in the majority of patients, as a rule, for a fairly long time and slow the progression of the disease into the stage of AIDS.
The correct diagnosis of HIV infection is based on laboratory confirmation. Clinical diagnosis of secondary or concomitant diseases is carried out against the background of HIV infection: it allows to determine the severity of the patient's condition, indications for hospitalization and develop tactics of treatment.
Complications of HIV infection are secondary diseases that develop against the background of immunodeficiency. The mechanism of their occurrence is associated either with inhibition of cellular and humoral immunity (infectious diseases and tumors) or with direct exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (eg, certain neurological disorders).
The acute phase of HIV infection can occur secretly or have multiple nonspecific symptoms of HIV infection. In 50-70% of cases, a period of primary clinical manifestations occurs, while fever is noted; lymphadenopathy
Source of HIV infection is HIV-infected people at any stage of the disease, regardless of the presence or absence of clinical manifestations of the disease, including during incubation.
Two serotypes, HIV-1 and HIV-2, are described, differing in structural and antigenic characteristics. On the territory of Ukraine, HIV-1 (the main causative agent of the disease) has epidemiological significance.
