Infectious and parasitic diseases

Tick-borne encephalitis: diagnosis

The diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis is based on anamnestic, clinical-epidemiological and laboratory data. Great importance in endemic regions is attached to visits to forests, a park, summer cottage in the spring and summer, the fact of sucking a tick, and eating unboiled goat or cow's milk.

Tick-borne encephalitis: symptoms

Patients are concerned about the following symptoms of tick-borne encephalitis: headache, general weakness, malaise, chills, fever, sweating, dizziness, pain in the eyeballs and photophobia, decreased appetite, muscle pain, bone, spine, upper and lower extremities , in the lower back, in the neck and in the joints.

Tick-borne encephalitis: causes and pathogenesis

The tick-borne encephalitis virus belongs to the Flaviviridae family. A virus with a size of 45-50 nm consists of a nucleocapsid with a cubic type of symmetry and is coated with a shell. Nucleocapsid contains RNA and protein C (core). The envelope consists of two glycoproteins (membrane M, shell E) and lipids.

Tick-borne encephalitis: an overview

Tick-borne encephalitis (spring-summer encephalitis, taiga encephalitis, Russian encephalitis, Far Eastern encephalitis, tick-borne encephalomyelitis) is a natural focal viral infectious disease with a transmissible mechanism of transmission of the pathogen, characterized by fever and primary lesion of the central nervous system.

Rabies (hydrophobia): prevention

Immunization against rabies can be preventative and preventive. With a preventive purpose, immunize persons whose work is associated with the risk of infection (veterinarians, foresters, hunters, dogs, slaughterhouse workers, taxidermists, laboratory staff working with a street rabies virus). Primary immunization includes three injections (0th, 7th and 30th day) of 1 ml each.

Rabies (hydrophobia): treatment

The regime is determined by the indication for hospitalization. Patients with hydrophobia are hospitalized in the ICU. The development of hydrophobia is accompanied by a violation of swallowing, which requires the installation of a nasogastric tube and probe feeding.

Rabies (hydrophobia): diagnosis

An intravital diagnosis of rabies can be confirmed by determining the viral antigen in the early days of the disease using fluorescent antibodies in corneal prints or in the biopsy of the occiput, and by determining the antibodies after the 7-10th day of the disease. In unvaccinated patients, the diagnosis of rabies confirms a fourfold increase in antibody titre when examining paired sera.

Rabies (hydrophobia): causes and pathogenesis

The causative agent of rabies is the RNA-containing virus of the family Rhabdoviridae, the genus Lyssavirus. There are seven genotypes of the virus. Classical strains of the rabies virus (genotype 1) are highly pathogenic for all warm-blooded animals. The virion has the shape of a bullet, its diameter is 60-80 nm, consists of a core (associated with the RNA protein), surrounded by a lipoprotein membrane with glycoprotein spines.

Rabies (hydrophobia)

Rabies (hydrophobia, hydrophobia, Latin - rabies, Greek - lyssa) is a viral zoonotic natural focal and anthropurgic infectious disease with a contact mechanism of transmission of the pathogen through the saliva of an infected animal with a fatal death.

West Nile Fever: Treatment and Prevention

Treatment of West Nile fever is a syndrome, since the effectiveness of antiviral drugs has not been proven. To combat cerebral hypertension, furosemide is administered to adults 20-60 mg per day, maintaining a normal volume of circulating blood.

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