Diseases of the eyes (ophthalmology)

Eye damage in children and adolescents with systemic diseases: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Eye damage in children and adolescents with systemic and syndromic diseases occurs in 2-82% of cases and includes mainly uveitis and sclerites. The spectrum of systemic diseases accompanied by eye lesions is extremely wide, but mostly it is a disease of the rheumatological heading.

Allergic conjunctivitis in children

Allergic conjunctivitis is an inflammatory reaction of the conjunctiva that occurs with an increased, genetically inherent sensitivity of the organism to one or another allergen. Conjunctiva - the most frequent localization of allergic reaction from the side of the eye (up to 90% of allergies).

Conjunctivitis with chicken pox, measles, rubella

Calls the virus of the Togaviridae family. On the background of general clinical manifestations (upper respiratory catarrh, generalized and painful lymphadenopathy, slight increase in body temperature, a small rash in the form of pale pink spots), catarrhal conjunctivitis and superficial keratitis occur. The outcome of the disease is favorable.

Herpetic keratoconjunctivitis and keratitis in children

Primary herpetic keratoconjunctivitis develops in the first 5 years of a child's life after primary infection with the herpes simplex virus. The disease is more often one-sided, with a long and sluggish course, is prone to relapse. It manifests itself in the form of catarrhal or follicular conjunctivitis, less often - vesicular-ulcerative.

Viral conjunctivitis in children

In children, more often there is pharyngoconjunctival fever, less often epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis almost always accompanies the general reaction of the body in the form of damage to the upper respiratory tract, increased body temperature, sleep disturbance and the appearance of dyspepsia, tenderness and enlargement of the lymph nodes.

Chlamydial conjunctivitis in children

The disease is associated with urogenital chlamydial infection of the mother. The frequency of chlamydial conjunctivitis reaches 40% of all conjunctivitis of newborns. The disease occurs sharply on the 5th-10th day after delivery, mainly on one eye. In the conjunctival cavity appears abundant liquid pus with an admixture of blood

Bacterial conjunctivitis and keratitis in children

For acute purulent conjunctivitis is characterized by rapid progression and defeat of both eyes. Eyelids are edematous, separated abundant, purulent. Conjunctiva sharply hyperemic, edematous, infiltrated, collected in folds. Often noted sharp chemosis of the conjunctiva. Keratitis develops in 15-40% of cases, first superficial.

Conjunctivitis and keratitis in children

Conjunctivitis is an inflammatory reaction of the conjunctiva to various effects. Characterized by hyperemia and edema, separated from the conjunctiva, the formation of follicles or papillae on it; conjunctivitis may be accompanied by edema and itching of the eyelids, damage to the cornea with reduced vision.

Poor vision in the child

The main causes of blindness and poor vision and their frequency are different in different regions of the world, which is due to a number of factors (socioeconomic, demographic, geoclimatic, etc.), as well as the level of medicine and in particular the state of the ophthalmic pediatric service. The prevalence of child blindness in the world is about 1.3 million, visually impaired people - 5.2 million people.

Nystagmus in children

Nystagmus - rhythmic vibrational motion of one or both eyes around one or more axes. The movements can be pendulum-like (rhythmic) or jerky (with different phases of oscillation in terms of speed).

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