Diseases of the endocrine system and metabolic disorders (endocrinology)

Diseases of the thyroid gland

Given the law of feedback for all endocrine diseases, the syndrome should be tested together with an endocrinologist, gynecologist, mammologist and other narrow diagnostic specialists, in particular a therapist and neurologist, since thyroid disorders are accompanied by a violation of cardiac activity and nervous system function.

Non-classical picture of pheochromocytoma

Arterial hypertension is the most common chronic disease in the world. Before a doctor who observes a patient with high blood pressure, there is always a question: what form of arterial hypertension in a patient is essential or secondary, as this affects the tactics of treatment and the prognosis of the disease.

The use of omega-3 PUFA in patients with arterial hypertension associated with metabolic syndrome and concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus

Since the 1970s omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) have interested cardiologists after the publication of data on significant epidemiological studies in which a lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases

Modern approaches to the prevention of obesity

Obesity, which is a pathological increase in body weight due to excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, is an independent chronic disease and at the same time an important risk factor for insulin-independent diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, cholelithiasis and some malignant tumors.

The relationship between obesity and diabetes mellitus with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in sleep

The literature data of clinical trials in which obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) syndrome is considered as a risk factor for the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, are presented.

Simple nontoxic goiter (euthyroid goiter)

A simple nontoxic goiter, which can be diffuse or nodular, is a non-tumor hypertrophy of the thyroid without an evolving state of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or inflammation.

Non-functional adrenal formations

Nonfunctioning adrenal glands are adrenal lesions that do not possess hormonal activity. Symptoms, signs and treatment depend on nature and size.

Carcinoid Syndrome

Carcinoid syndrome develops only in some patients with carcinoid tumors and is characterized by a kind of reddening of the skin ("hot flashes"), abdominal colic, spasms and diarrhea. In a few years, the valvular apparatus of the right heart may develop.

Decreased volume of extracellular fluid

The decrease in the volume of the extracellular fluid is a decrease in the volume of the extracellular fluid caused by the loss of water and the total sodium content in the body. Possible causes include vomiting, increased sweating, diarrhea, burns, diuretics, and kidney failure. Clinical manifestations include a decrease in skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension.

Hypocalcemia

Hypocalcemia is the total plasma calcium concentration of less than 8.8 mg / dl (<2.20 mmol / L) at normal plasma protein concentrations or an ionized calcium concentration of less than 4.7 mg / dL (<1.17 mmol / L). Possible causes include hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, kidney disease.

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