Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Diagnosis of biliary dyskinesia

Diagnosis of biliary dyskinesia in children is difficult, a comprehensive examination is necessary. The most significant in the diagnosis of dyskinesia biliary tract in children ultrasound methods.

What causes biliary dyskinesia?

The main cause of dyskinesia of the bile ducts in children is a violation of the interaction of the nervous and paracrine systems that ensure the sequence of contractions and relaxation of the gallbladder and the sphincter system, leading to discoordination of their activity and disruption of the bile passage into the intestine.

Dyskinesia of bile ducts in children

Dyskinesia of bile ducts in children - disorders of gallbladder motility and sphincter apparatus of the biliary system, clinically manifested by pain syndrome, a complex of functional disorders lasting more than 3 months, accompanied by abdominal pain localized in the right upper quadrant.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder in which abdominal pain or discomfort is associated with bowel movements, changes in the habitual rhythm of bowel function, or with defecation disorder.

Functional dyspepsia in children

Functional dyspepsia is a complex of disorders, including pain or discomfort in the epigastric region, early satiety, nausea, vomiting, belching, heartburn and not caused by organic gastrointestinal lesions. The peculiarity of the syndrome in children is the predominant localization of pain in the peripodal region (55-88%); 95% of children have pain within the triangle, the base of which is the right rib arch, and the apex - the umbilical ring.

Inflammatory bowel disease in children

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of diseases characterized by nonspecific immune inflammation of the intestinal wall, superficial or transmural.

Allergic bowel disease in children

Early artificial feeding with the introduction of foreign proteins (cow, soybean) can lead to the development of food allergies in children, especially those at risk for allergic diseases. Allergic causes of malabsorption syndrome include allergic enterocolitis and enteropathy.

Autoimmune enteropathy

Autoimmune enteropathy is a persistent protein-losing diarrhea accompanied by autoantibody production, a sign of active autoimmune T-cell inflammation. Morphologically accompanied by atrophy of villi and massive mononuclear infiltration of the lamina propria of the small intestine mucosa.

Congenital disorders of the structure of the intestinal mucosa

Congenital atrophy of microvilli (a syndrome of deactivation of microvilli) is characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic inclusions containing microvilli in the region of the apical pole of the enterocyte, there is no microvillin on the analogous surface of the mature enterocyte. These disorders can be detected by electron microscopy.

Lymphangiectasia: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Lymphangiectasia can be local, affecting submucosal and serous membranes, combined with the expansion of lymphatic capillaries of other organs. Due to insufficient intake of amino acids, there is a violation of albumin synthesis, and then of gamma globulin in the liver. Owing to the loss of lymphocytes, lymphopenia develops.

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