Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Meconium ileus

Meconial ileus is the obstruction of the terminal ileum in abnormally viscous meconium; almost always this condition develops in newborns with cystic fibrosis. Meconial ileus constitutes up to 1/3 of all cases of small intestinal obstruction in newborns.

Invagination of the intestine

Invagination - is the introduction of the intestine (invaginate) into the lumen of a nearby segment (invaginant), which leads to bowel obstruction and sometimes its ischemia. Invagination of the intestine usually occurs in children aged 3 months to 3 years, with 65% of cases occurring in children under one year old. This is the most common cause of bowel obstruction in children of this age, in whom it is usually idiopathic.

Congenital myopathy

Congenital myopathy is a term that is sometimes applied to hundreds of independent neuromuscular diseases that can manifest from birth, but usually this term is reserved for a group of rare hereditary primary muscle diseases that cause muscle hypotension and weakness from birth or during the neonatal period and in some cases delay in motor development at a later age.

Duchenne and Becker's myocardial infarction

Duchenne and Becker's disease are diseases with an X-linked recessive type of inheritance, which are characterized by progressive proximal muscle weakness due to degeneration of the muscle fibers. Becker's myodystrophy is characterized by a later onset and less severe manifestations.

Spina bifida (spina bifida spine)

Spina bifida is a defect in the closure of the spinal column. Despite the fact that the cause is unknown, low levels of folate during pregnancy increase the risk of this malformation. In some cases, there is an asymptomatic course, in others - severe neurological disorders below the lesion.

Baby fever

Most often, acute fever in a child of the first year of life and early age is infectious in nature, mainly acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) or gastrointestinal infections.

Increased intracranial pressure (intracranial hypertension)

Increased intracranial pressure - intracranial pressure of more than 25 mm Hg. Art.

Non-paroxysmal tachycardia in children

Non-paroxysmal tachycardia refers to common heart rhythm disturbances in children and occurs in 13.3% of all arrhythmias. In the category of chronic carry tachycardia in the case of its existence in the patient over 3 months. Contract (with chronic sinus) and more than 1 month. - with tachycardia, which is based on an abnormal electrophysiological mechanism.

Mitral valve prolapse in children

Mitral valve prolapse (Angle syndrome, Barlow syndrome, mesosystolic click and late systolic noise syndrome, clapping valve syndrome) - deflection, protrusion of the valve cusps into the cavity of the left atrium during systole of the left ventricle.

Features of vegetative-vascular dystonia in children

Vegetative disorders in children can be generalized or systemic, cutting - local. Since vegetative dystonia is a syndromic diagnosis, along with the leading syndrome it is necessary to indicate (if possible) a nosological affiliation (neurosis, residual-organic encephalopathy, hereditary-constitutional form, etc.).

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