Diabetes with type 1 diabetes

The diet for type 1 diabetes is one of the methods of maintaining the patient's body in the stage of remission.

Insulin maintains in the blood of a person the level of sugar necessary for normal functioning, which allows glucose to flow unhindered into the cellular structures of the body. Therefore, lack of insulin leads to disruptions in the endocrine system, provoking diabetes 1 degree.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]

Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes

How sad it does not sound, but a cure for this disease has not been found to date. Therefore, at the moment, treatment of type 1 diabetes with a diet is simply a way of life that is based on three postulates:

• Insulin therapy.
• Life style.
• Support of dietary nutrition.

Insulin therapy is a procedure for replacing the natural insulin produced by the body on its own, with medical insulin, which compensates for the lack of own in the patient's blood.

To date, pharmacologists offer a fairly wide range of insulins, which are divided into three groups by the duration of exposure:

• If the hypoglycemic effect occurs within 10 to 20 minutes, then the drug is classified as an ultrashort insulin. These drugs are administered subcutaneously. The maximum effectiveness of the exposure is fixed in an hour - three hours after admission. The necessary level of sugar in the blood such drugs can maintain for three to five hours.

Humalog. The necessary amount of the drug is calculated individually for each patient. The medication is administered immediately before meals (approximately 5 to 15 minutes). If medicinal preparation humalog is prescribed in pure form, then within a day, up to six injections are administered, in tandem with other prolonged insulin medications, the number of injections is reduced to three.

Contraindicated drug Humalog to use for people with individual intolerance of the components of the drug and if they have such a disease as hypoglycemia.

Novor Rapid Flex Pen. The dose is individual in each case. More often this drug is administered in combination with long-lasting or moderate-acting insulin. The minimum number of injections per day is one injection. It is recommended to monitor the glucose level in the patient's blood. This will make it possible to adjust the dosage. The average daily dosage is 0.5-1.0 units per kilogram of patient weight. •

If the hypoglycemic effect occurs within half an hour, the drug is classified as a short-acting insulin. The maximum effectiveness of the effect is observed two to four hours after the administration. Acceptable blood sugar levels are maintained for six to eight hours.

Humulin Regular. Dosage is purely individual. In case of its application in pure form, the drug is administered under the skin or intravenously three to four times during the day. To enhance the expected effect and prolong its effectiveness, humulin is regularly used in conjunction with preparations of the long-acting insulin group. In this case, the humulin is first introduced regularly, followed by a tandem medicine.

This drug can not be administered to patients with a history of hypoglycaemia (low sugar in the plasma), as well as hypersensitivity to the drug.

Monosuansulin MK. The drug is taken intramuscularly or subcutaneously for 15 to 20 minutes before meals. Depending on the medical need, the drug is administered once or several times a day. The average daily dosage is 0.5-1 units per kilogram of patient weight. In the case of a diabetic coma that arises in a patient, Monosuinsulin MK enters the patient in a vein.

• If the hypoglycemic effect occurs within a half to two hours after the administration of the drug, then it refers to insulin of the average level of action. The maximum effectiveness of the exposure is fixed in three to six hours after administration. The necessary level of sugar in the blood, these drugs can maintain for eight to twelve hours.

Biosulin N. This drug is administered subcutaneously, the next injection site should be changed. Apply this medicine for 30 - 45 minutes before eating, one - twice a day. With a special clinical need, the doctor can prescribe an intramuscular injection of the drug. The average daily dosage is usually from 8 to 24 IU once a day (all depends on the individual sensitivity to the components of the drug).

Monotard of the MS. In each case, the dosage is individual. It is injected deep enough into the subcutaneous layers. Before use, the vial should be shaken thoroughly. If the required daily dosage does not exceed 0.6 U / kg - the drug is injected with a single injection, at a higher dosage - the drug is administered for two or more doses.

• If the hypoglycemic effect occurs within four to eight hours, the drug is classified as long-acting insulin. The maximum effectiveness of the effect is observed 8-18 hours after the administration. Acceptable blood sugar levels are maintained for 20 to 30 hours.

Lantus. The medication is taken once a day, preferably at a strictly fixed time. The dose of the drug for each patient is assigned individually.

Levemir FlexPhen. The drug is attributed for administration once or twice a day. The dose of the medicine is set individually, by monitoring each case of the disease.

• If the hypoglycemic effect occurs within 20 minutes, while a complete recovery of glucose levels occurs after two to eight hours and is maintained for 18 to 20 hours - the drug is classified as a biophasic insulin combined action.

Biogulin 70/30. The medication is administered one to two times throughout the day, 30 to 45 minutes before meals. The average daily dosage of the drug is from 8 to 24 units. Per kilogram of patient weight. In case of hypersensitivity to the drug, the dose is 8 units, respectively, with a low sensitivity, the amount of medication is increased.

Insuman Comb 25 GT. The dose of the drug is highly individual and ranges from 8 to 24 units / kg. The drug is administered for 20 - 30 minutes before meals.

The lifestyle of a patient with diabetes mellitus is another milestone in the quality of his existence. It is not about strict restrictions in diet or vital postulates. Forgive me to get rid of some bad habits, adhering to a healthy lifestyle.

The treatment of type 1 diabetes by diet is the last and, perhaps, one of the most significant, moments of a patient's life. Proper consumption of food can not only maintain the vital tone of a person, but also significantly reduce the dosage of insulin-containing drugs. The diet in diabetes mellitus does not force categorically to refuse "tasty", but it only translates this "tasty" into another plane. For example, sweet tooth will not have to say goodbye to sweet, you just need sugar replaced with special sweeteners. Self-control is the main pivot that allows a person with type 1 diabetes to not feel flawed. The main principle of nutrition of such patients:

• The daily dosage of high-carbohydrate products should be up to 65% of the daily energy volume of food intake.
• In this situation, food is more preferable, slowly absorbed by the intestine. These are complex carbohydrates, as well as substances with a high content of gluten and fiber.
• Protein foods should account for up to 20% of the food intake.
• The component of fats - up to 15%.

Such a diet can help prevent the risk of microangiopathy (pathological lesions of small blood vessels, progressing due to tissue necrosis and thrombosis).

What kind of diet for type 1 diabetes?

When diagnosing type 1 diabetes, the patient is assigned diet number 9. But, based on the patient's anamnesis (including concomitant diseases), test results and diagnostic tests, the endocrinologist individually adjusts the diet of his patient. But there are also basic similar milestones, allowing to understand what kind of diet for type 1 diabetes?

• Bread products (excluding baking and other baking from white flour varieties) are allowed on average to 0.2 kg per day.
• Milk and sour-milk bioproducts, cottage cheese (with reduced fat content) and dishes based on them (casserole, cheese cakes). Very rarely allowed sour cream and cream.
• The first dishes (except for heavy broths, soups on milk with noodles, mango and rice):
  • Beetroot.
  • The first dishes from vegetables.
  • Borscht on lean meat.
  • Okroshka.
  • Mushroom soup.
  • The ear.
  • Soups with cereals, meatballs.
• The cereal grains are taken rather narrowly, proceeding from the grain unit.
  • Buckwheat and oatmeal.
  • Dishes of legumes.
  • Millet and barley.
  • Pearl barley and unprocessed rice.
  • Very limited use of semolina and pasta.
• Meat dishes (except fatty meat, sausages, poultry, before use, remove the skin). Used in stewed, as well as boiled and cooked steamed:
  • All lean meat.
  • Duck meat and goose can not eat such patients very rarely.
  • Bird.
• Hard cheeses with low percentage of fat content (except salty cheeses).
• Fish dishes (except caviar, canned food, smoked products):
  • Lenten sea fish in baked and boiled form. Very rarely you can please yourself with a piece of fried fish.
  • Canned fish made in their own juice.
• Dishes from eggs:
  • Omelets from proteins (reception of yolks is limited).
  • Cooked eggs for 1 - 1.5 pieces - no more often than one - two times a week.
• Vegetables are allowed to consume in various forms (the restriction applies only to fried vegetables). Pickles and pickled products are consumed very rarely in a small amount.
• Strict control of carbohydrates when using potatoes, beets, carrots and green peas.
• Various cabbage: colored, white, broccoli, as well as different varieties of salads.
• Tomatoes.
• Eggplant and pumpkin.
• Cucumbers, squash, squash.
• Sweets (fruits and dried fruits with sweet taste excluded):
  • Jelly, pastilles and mousses.
  • Compotes and Sorbet.
  • Acidic varieties of fruits and berries (raw, baked).
  • Candies and cookies for diabetics or made at home on the basis of xylitol or sorbitol.
• Drinks (except sweet juices and drinks with sugar content, aerated):
  • Green and black tea (not very strong).
  • Vegetable and fruit freshly squeezed juices (fruits only with a sweet-sour taste).
  • Coffee with milk.
  • Decoction of wild rose berries.
• Sauces prepared on the basis of light meat and fish broths, vegetable and mushroom broths.
• A small amount of fat is allowed:
  • Butter, but not more than one meal in seven days.
  • Vegetable oil - as a dressing in vegetable salads.
• Spicy and spicy seasonings are used in small quantities.

Menu diet for type 1 diabetes

Diet, like the treatment course, is especially individual with diabetes, and is appointed by the endocrinologist treating the doctor, based on the clinical picture of the disease and the type of diagnosed diabetes. We offer several options for the diet menu for type 1 diabetes.

First day:

• Breakfast:
  • Buckwheat porridge - 150 g
  • Rye bread - 50 g
  • Freshly squeezed fresh cabbage seasoned with lemon juice - 70 g
  • Butter - 5g
  • Tea without sugar - 250 ml
• Lunch:
  • One raw apple
  • Mineral water without gas - one glass
• Dinner:
  • Borscht on lean broth with sour cream 250 g
  • Boiled chicken - 70 g
  • Jelly from sweet and sour fruit on sugar replacer - 100 g
  • Bread with bran - 50 g
  • Compote of dried fruits without sugar - one glass
• Snack:
  • Cranberry without sugar - one glass
  • Cheese-dumplings with a raw, baked or slightly boiled in the oven apple or pear - 100 grams
• Dinner:
  • Cutlets from cabbage and meat - 150 g
  • Caviar from caviar - 70 g
  • Rye bread - 50 g
  • Tea with sugar substitute - one cup (about 250g)
• Second dinner:
  • Kefir 250 g

[9], [10], [11]

Second day:

• Breakfast:
  • Dairy barley - 200 g
  • Grated carrot or peas - 70 g
  • Black bread - 50 g
  • Tea without added sugar - one glass
• Lunch:
  • Sorbe from one apple.
  • Tea without sugar - one glass
• Dinner:
  • Vegetable soup - 250 g
  • Roast vegetables with a small amount of lean meat - 70 grams
  • Fresh vegetable salad - 100 g
  • Mineral carbonated water - 250 ml
  • Bread from bran - 50 g
• Snack:
  • Broth of a dogrose without application of sugar - one glass
  • One orange
• Dinner:
  • Cottage cheese or rice casserole - 150 g
  • One soft-boiled egg
  • Rye bread - 50 g
  • Tea with sugar substitute - 2 glasses
• Second dinner:
  • Ryazhenka - one glass

The third day:

• Breakfast:
  • Boiled fish - 50 g
  • Bread from bran - 50 g
  • Low-fat cottage cheese, diluted with a small amount of milk - 150 grams
  • Tea without sugar - one glass
  • Butter - 5 g
• Lunch:
  • Frozen hookah from dried fruits - one glass
  • One grapefruit
• Dinner:
  • Fish, with vegetables, soup - 250 g
  • Boiled chicken meat - 150 g
  • Fresh cabbage salad with apple - 100 g
  • Homemade lemonade without sugar - one glass
  • Rye bread - 50 g
• Snack:
  • Broth of a dogrose without sugar - one glass
  • One orange
• Dinner:
  • Meatballs from low-fat meat at home - 110 grams
  • Vegetable saute 150 g
  • Schnitzel from cabbage - 200 g.
  • Tea with sugar substitute - one glass
• Second dinner:
  • Drinking unsweetened yogurt - one glass

Fourth day:

• Breakfast:
  • Millet porridge - 150 g
  • Bread black - 50 g
  • Salad with fresh carrots and apple - 70 g
  • Hard cheese not fatty grades - 20g
  • Easy coffee drink - one glass
• Lunch:
  • Compote of sweet and sour fruit without sugar - one glass
• Dinner:
  • Borscht on lean broth - 250 g
  • Boiled lean meat - 70 g
  • Cabbage stewed - 100 g
  • Bread black - 50 g
  • Mineral water - one glass •
• Snack: o
  • One Apple •
• Dinner: o
  • Fish schnitzel - 150 g o
  • Stewed vegetables - 150 g o
  • Bread from bran - 50 g o
  • Broth from wild rose berries - one glass •
• Second supper: o
  • Pasteurized milk - one glass

Fifth day:

• Breakfast:
  • Wheat porridge - 200 g
  • Salad from boiled beets - 70 g
  • Rye bread - 50 g
  • Tea without sugar - one glass
• Lunch:
  • Sorbe from one apple.
• Dinner:
  • Soup with beans - 200 g
  • Rice, not ground with boiled - 50 g
  • Stewed veal liver - 150 g
  • Homemade lemonade (without sugar) - 250 ml
  • Bread from bran - 50 g
• Snack:
  • Fruit salad - 100 g
  • Mineral water - glass
• Dinner:
  • Pumpkin casserole - 150 g
  • Salad from fresh vegetables (cucumber, tomato) - 100 g
  • Meat steak - 100 g
• Second dinner:
• Kefir - one glass

Each person has his own tastes, so any menu can be adjusted to the preferences of a particular patient, it is only necessary to coordinate it with your doctor.

[12]

Diets Type 1 Diets

If it so happened that a diagnosis is made - type 1 diabetes - you should not despair - this is not a death sentence. With this diagnosis, patients live happily ever after, having learned to adapt to the disease. The truth for this is to revise your entire lifestyle and diet. But do not be in a hurry to get upset. Having such a diagnosis, you can eat not only correctly (without causing damage to the body), but also delicious.

This article lists only some diet recipes for type 1 diabetes, and there are many such on the Internet or specialized book pages.

[13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19]

Zucchini stuffed with mushrooms and buckwheat groats

Ingredients:

• A young, small-sized zucchini - four pieces
• Buckwheat groats - four to five tablespoons
• Mushrooms (champignons) - eight pieces
• A couple of dried mushrooms
• One small bulb
• Clove of garlic
• Sour cream (10 - 15%) - 250 g
• Flour (preferably amaranth) - tablespoon
• A little vegetable oil
• Salt, greens

Preparation of the filling:

• Buckwheat and rinse well. Pour two volumes of boiling water. Bring to a boil and add chopped onion and dried mushrooms. Lightly add. On a small fire, keep for about a quarter of an hour.
• In a hot frying pan in a small amount of vegetable oil, mince the chopped garlic and fresh mushrooms (about 5 minutes).
• In champignons and garlic add buckwheat porridge. Mix well. The filling is ready.

Prepare the sauce:

• The courgette is cut lengthwise into two halves. Spoon remove the core by making a boat. Serve and chop the middle in a skillet.
• Mash with a fork, bringing to a more homogeneous consistency. You can use a blender.
• Add sour cream and a little flour. Mix. Lightly add salt. Get the consistency of thick sour cream.

Cooking:

• Boil the courgette from the inside and fill with minced meat. Top with sauce.
• Put on the baking in the oven, preheated to 220 oC. The cooking time is about 30 minutes. Zucchini should be soft, but not "digested."
• Serving on the table, decorate with greens.

Schnitzel from onion and squid, chopped

Ingredients:

• Squid - about half a kilogram (0.4-0.5 kg)
• One egg
• One small head of onions
• Leeks, greens
• Breadcrumbs - 25 g
• A little vegetable oil
• Salt pepper

Preparation:

• Carcase of squid twice chopped in a meat grinder together with pepper, grated croutons and salt.
• Finely chop the onions a little in the pan to stop crackling. Grind the greens.
• In the mince enter the onions and greens. Check for salt. If the stuffing is thick enough, you can add a small amount of cold water.
• Their stuffing to form schnitzels as thick as a centimeter.
• On both sides get wet each in an egg, slightly whipped with a fork.
• Roll in breadcrumbs.
• On a well-heated frying pan fry for 5-7 minutes until golden brown.
• You can eat this dish both in hot and cold. It turns out juicy and appetizing.

Pancakes with rye flour and blueberries

Ingredients:

• Berries of blueberry - 100 - 150 g
• Rye flour - one glass
• One egg
• Herb stevia - 2 g (the weight of one sachet is 1 g)
• Low-fat cottage cheese (preferably not more than 2%)
• Soda - half a teaspoon
• Salt
• Vegetable oil - two tablespoons

Preparation:

• If there is no tincture of stevia, it will have to be cooked by yourself. To do this, two bags of grass should be poured in 300 ml of boiling water and put in infusion. The longer the infusion will stand, the more sweet it will turn out. Keep it for at least a quarter of an hour.
• Berries are well washed and dried on a kitchen towel.
• In one bowl, add cottage cheese and egg to the tincture. Thoroughly mix. In the second - salt with flour.
• In the first bowl carefully enter the contents of the second. Adding the soda. We introduce blueberries and carefully, but carefully, knead the dough, adding vegetable oil to it. The dough is ready.
• Bake on a well-heated frying pan.

Zrazy from cauliflower with filling

Ingredients:

• Cauliflower - 0.5 kg
• Rice flour - three tablespoons + one more
• Salt
• Vegetable oil - two tablespoons
• A small bunch of green onions
• One to two eggs

Preparation:

• The cauliflower head should be disassembled on inflorescences and boiled for a quarter of an hour in salted water. It must be cooked until ready. Remove with a noisy knob, put it on a plate and allow to cool. Grind it.
• Enter 3 tablespoons of rice flour, add and mix well. The dough is left to "rest" 25 - 30 minutes.
• Cooking stuffing. Boil the hard-boiled egg and grind it. Chop finely chopped green onions. Mix thoroughly.
• From the cabbage test roll balls, from the balls form cakes. Inside the cake put the stuffing. To protect, forming the cutlets, and we drop them from all sides in the remaining spoon of rice flour.
• Fry on a small fire (rice flour is cooked at a lower temperature, and longer than wheat) for 8 to 10 minutes on each side.

Cottage cheese casserole with pears

Ingredients:

• Curd of low fat content - 0.6 kg
• Rice flour - two tablespoons
• Pears - 0.6 kg (for dough) + three pieces (for decoration)
• Two eggs
• Sour cream - two tablespoons (fat content no more than 15%)
• Vanilla (by no means vanilla sugar)
• Lubricating oil for baking molds

Preparation:

• Cottage cheese grind. Introduce vanilla, flour and eggs into it. All carefully knead.
• Fruits peel, remove the core. Half grate on a "grated" grater (with large cells). This mass will replace sugar in the test.
• Cut the remaining fruit into small cubes.
• And rubbed and chopped pears enter into the cottage cheese. Leave the "curd pastry" to rest for half an hour.
• Lubricate the form (if the form is silicone, then you do not need to lubricate it). Put in it a curd-pear mass. Top with sour cream, decorate with pieces of pears and send to the oven.
• In a preheated oven to 180 o C, bake the curd cake for 45 minutes.
• The taste of this dish is simply enchanting.

The first reaction to the sounded diagnosis is shock, horror, life is over. But not everything is so terrible. Of course, doctors have not yet learned to treat this pathology, but observing certain rules, a patient can lead a sufficiently high-quality life. Not the last place, and perhaps even the main one, in this "new life" is a diet for type 1 diabetes. Having understood its subtleties, you can afford to eat not only without damage to health, but also delicious, getting pleasure from food.

What can you eat with type 1 diabetes?

First, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic principles of nutrition, and then for that answer in detail the question that you can eat with type 1 diabetes?

The basic postulates:

• You need to eat at least four times throughout the day, preferably sticking to one time schedule.
• To consume food you need to regularly, avoiding passes.
• Uniform distribution of daily energy values of dishes.
• Food should be varied, but allowed for consumption of patients suffering from type 1 diabetes.
• Constant monitoring of caloric content of food products, using a specially developed dietetics table.
• Instead of sugar, for sweets, use sorbitol or xylitol.
• Control of the volume of consumed liquid (no more than 1,200 ml), this includes liquid soups.
• Vitamins and minerals.
• Continuous monitoring of blood glucose levels with adjusting the diet.
• It is worth noting that, despite the prohibition of sugar, every diabetic with him must always have a candy or a piece of refined sugar. They are necessary in case of a sharp drop in the amount of glucose in the blood (hypoglycemia). In more severe situations, a coma may develop.

Thanks to the use of carbon and calorie tables, as well as constant monitoring of sugar concentration, which can be produced at home, using modern convenient glucometers, a diabetic patient can lead a completely full life.

Endocrinologists and nutritionists refer to the allowed dishes and products:

• Curd with low fat content (up to 0.2 kg per day).
• Various porridges, such as pearl barley, buckwheat, oatmeal, wheat and barley.
• Unsweetened yoghurt, low-fat sour-milk products: yogurt, kefir and fermented baked milk.
• In order to please yourself, occasionally a small amount of hard cheese and sour cream is allowed.
• Candy and pastry, based on xylitol or sorbitol.
• Fish and meat of lean sorts.
• Omelette from two eggs or soft-boiled eggs.
• Butter: creamy, vegetable and melted.
• Tea (black and green), not strong coffee.
• Decoction, tincture from wild rose berries.
• Mousses, croissants, compotes and jelly from sour fruit and berries.
• Various freshly squeezed juices from fruits and berries.
• For vegetables, the restrictions are negligible.
• Bakery products from bran (coarse flour).

These products support the functioning of the pancreas weakened by the disease, normalizing carbohydrate metabolism.

Bread unit (XE), corresponding to 12 grams of carbohydrates - is the "standard", allowing you to quickly make up the menu, referring to special carbohydrate tables. Even with the insulin received, using this value, sometimes you can afford "forbidden foods".

XE is a "restraint", the patient should not receive more than eight bread bunches at a time. If a person suffers from diabetes other than obesity, then this figure is below eight.

What you can not eat in type 1 diabetes?

If there are allowed, therefore, there are also prohibited products. So what can not be eaten with type 1 diabetes? First of all, people with this pathology will have to give up foods containing easily digestible carbohydrates. Very rarely, in a small amount, you can afford "forbidden" foods (especially children), and they are just necessary if you suspect hypoglycemia. When developing your individual diet, it is advisable to seek advice from a nutritionist, who will help to make the most effective combination of dishes (menus), based on the clinical picture of the disease of a particular patient.

But the general recommendations of banned products still exist:

• Vegetables with a high carbohydrate content (their consumption is limited to 100 g per diem):
  • Potatoes.
  • Beans.
  • Carrot.
  • Green pea.
  • Beet.
  • Marinated, salted and canned foods.
• Sweets (only sweets for diabetics and home-made preparations based on a sweetener are allowed):
  • Chocolate and sweets.
  • Jam and honey.
  • Cookies and ice cream.
• All aerated, as well as sugar-based beverages.
• Fatty foods provoke the growth of cholesterol in the blood, which is dangerous for diabetics.
• Baking and pastry based on flour of higher grades.
• Fruits with a sweet taste and juices from them (they are able to rapidly raise the sugar level):
  • Bananas and mangoes.
  • Figs and grapes.
  • Dates and raisins.
• There are also products not recommended for use:
  • Minimize salt intake.
  • Sugar is a refined sugar and products from it.
  • Processed white rice.
  • Cornflakes.
  • Smoked products.
  • Canned fish and other canned food.
  • Peanut.
  • Muesli.
  • Industrially made sauces.
  • Drinks containing a large percentage of caffeine.

It should be remembered that any product consumed by the patient should be discussed with your doctor.