Diabetes Diet

Diabetes in diabetics is often the only treatment measure a patient needs. In the world, millions of people live with diabetes, among them there are many well-known successful personalities.

Treatment of diabetes mellitus is aimed at preventing or eliminating ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia and glucosuria, achieving and maintaining an ideal body weight, eliminating lipid and protein metabolism disorders and preventing the occurrence or progression of diabetic microangiopathy, atherosclerosis and diabetes-related neurological disorders. Modern methods of treatment, based on the correct evaluation of the pathophysiological nature of the disease, consist of diet therapy, the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin therapy.

[1], [2], [3], [4],

A strict diet for diabetes mellitus

A strict diet for diabetes mellitus severely limits the amount of sugar that enters the body with food. Eat small meals. In a day, consume no more than 30 grams of fat.

Look at the prescription books for diabetics. There you will not find mayonnaise, bacon, sausage, sugar, dried fruits and kvass. To make it easier to regulate sugar, eat at one time. Salad and cucumbers use when preparing salads, stews and soups. Baking yeast is useful. Raisins and bananas - with the permission of the doctor. Bread is black. It is better to buy special bread in the departments for diabetics. They are in any large supermarket. Meat and fish boil and bake. Eat 300 grams of fruits and berries a day, lemons and cranberries, cook stewed fruit on a sugar substitute.

Diet treatment is the main and compulsory component of the medical complex of measures for any clinical and pathogenetic forms of diabetes mellitus.

Regardless of the treatment methods used, the compensation for diabetes mellitus should comply with the generally accepted compensation criteria presented below. In the absence of sufficient compensation for carbohydrate metabolism, the method of treatment should be changed.     

Level of compensation for diabetes mellitus

Index	Good	Satisfactory	Bad
Glycemia (mmol / l):
On an empty stomach	4.4-6.7	<7.8	> 7.8
1 hour after a meal	4.4-8.9	<10.0	> 10.0
Glucosuria (%)	0	<0.5	> 0.5
HbA1c (%)	<7	7-8	> 8
Total cholesterol (mmol / l)	<5.2	5.2-6.5	> 6.5
Triglycerides (mmol / l)	<1.7	1.7-2.2	> 2.2
HDL cholesterol (mmol / l)	> 1.1	0.9-1.1	<0.9
Body mass index (kg / m):
M	<25	<27	> 27
F	<24	<26	> 26
Blood pressure (mmHg)	<140/90	<160/95	> 160/95

[5], [6]

Diet for type 1 diabetes mellitus

Very useful vegetable diet: fresh cabbage, spinach, cucumbers, soy. Green salad, radishes, zucchini, beets are useful. Eat dishes from cereals and pasta, but you need to reduce the eaten bread. Eggs boil soft.

You are useful for sour fruit, lemon in compotes on xylitol and sorbet. Drink tea with milk, without sugar, of course and tomato juice. In a day, drink 6 glasses of liquid. It is useful to eat yeast. You can not have chocolate, muffins and honey, sharp and salty dishes, pork fat, mustard, grapes and raisins. The diet in diabetes mellitus number 9 limits salt in the diet.

[7], [8]

Diabetes with type 2 diabetes

Treatment of DM2 is aimed at reducing the blood glucose content. Let's see why there is a type 2 diabetes? The cause of CD2 lies in overeating. No wonder it is common in America, where hamburgers are so popular. The doctor will pick you a variety and delicious food, a medical table for life. Only if you get on time under medical supervision, you will not need insulin. Caloric content of the diet is lowered to 1300-1700 Kcal. Thus, fatty sour cream, margarine, sausages, all smoked, fatty fish, cream and nuts are excluded. Honey, dried fruits, jam and lemonade greatly increase sugar. Cabbage, carrots, turnips, tomatoes, eat as much as you like. But potatoes need to be limited.

[9], [10], [11], [12]

Diet in gestational diabetes mellitus

Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and, as a rule, disappears after childbirth. You must not only follow a diet, but also do exercises. You are useful foods with high content of fructose, it replaces sugar. Eat more bread with bran and cereals. Drink fruit juices, yoghurts. For breakfast, eat bread and eggs or oatmeal. Eat more cereals, peas, beans. Add fruits to cereals, cook compotes on xylitol and sorbet, use olive oil while cooking, prefer steam dishes. Diabetes in pregnant women forbids drinking Coca-Cola, kvass and other carbonated drinks. After childbirth, it is also advisable to adhere to this diet, even if the sugar came back to normal.

[13], [14], [15]

Diabetes in children

Diabetes in children with diabetes should be respected by the whole family, so it is easier to teach the child to eat right. Do not eat with the child those products that the doctor has banned: smoked dishes, canned fish and especially sweet. Carrots, tomatoes, pumpkin are allowed. Berries: cherry, mountain ash, strawberry, kiwi, raspberry, sometimes melon. Do not eat cakes, chocolate, jam, sweet damp. You can give milk, cheese, lean meat, fish, tongue, seafood. All dishes are boiled and baked. Use sorbitol and fructose for sweet dishes, babies love them very much and suffer if they are not given a sweet one at all! In special departments of supermarkets there is a diabetic department. But these products can get better, so you can not give their children unlimitedly. But vegetables can be eaten without restrictions, occasionally give mandarins and watermelon in small quantities.

How to prevent diabetes in a child? Diabetes mellitus in childhood is due to uncontrolled consumption of sweet, floury, fatty. The shock and injury of the abdomen may trigger. Take care of your child - if he has a diet, stick to it.

[16], [17], [18], [19]

Diabetes in women

With mild diabetes, women and men can only get by with a diet, without medication. It is enough to exclude from your diet sugar, jam, candy, sweet fruit. Limit fatty foods, it promotes progression. The total amount of fat that you should eat per day is 40 g. Exclude sausages, sausages, mayonnaise. Fried, salted and smoked you can not. Do not drink wine, vodka, weak alcohol, because with diabetes, including the liver, and the digestive tract, alcohol destroys your health, and so undermined by diabetes. You are permanently impaired metabolism, the body is very vulnerable, do not add to it the load. Choose all natural, avoid dyes and preservatives. Maintain yourself in excellent physical condition, do not allow excess weight, carefully prepare for pregnancy, and for delivery choose a specialized maternity hospital. Walk in the fresh air, little by little do in the gym, swim, go on a day to 5 km. Green and black tea is very useful for you. You can drink coffee, but it should not be very strong. Curd will enrich you with calcium, which is the best prevention of osteoporosis, and buckwheat - iron. Rosehip is a natural hepatoprotector, drink a decoction of it. Also, thanks to ascorbic (vitamin C), it protects the body from viral diseases, helping the immune system. Remember the dishes from cottage cheese - curds, cheese cakes, puddings! You are the hostess, do not be afraid of experiments, believe that dishes from your diabetic diet can feed the whole family. Do not forget that the diet for diabetes prevents sugar, so replace it with sorbitol and fructose. Love the numerous vegetables from stewed, boiled, baked vegetables, some raw vegetables, but without mayonnaise and sharp dressings. A glass of yogurt, curdled milk or sour cream should start and end your day. Sour fruits, oranges, cranberries - all this you can in large quantities. If very sour, use a sugar substitute or cook meals. Eggs are even healthy, and even more so, it is better not to digest and eat soft-boiled. 250 g of potatoes and carrots per day are not forbidden. Free to eat cabbage, cucumbers and tomatoes. Dishes of pasta and legumes in small quantities are allowed, but these days eat less bread. Bread is more suitable for rye flour.

[20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25]

Diet 9 with diabetes mellitus

The diet in diabetes mellitus 9 prevents the violation of carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Excludes sugar and cholesterol. Every day, eat curd and fruits, seafood.

• Soups: cabbage soup, beetroot, fish broth, mushroom broth, soup with meatballs.
• Bread: rye, white.
• Low-fat beef, pork and rabbit, turkey stewed and chopped, diet sausage and liver. Duck, smoked meat, canned food - not for you.
• Fish - boiled, pouring. Porridge: buckwheat, millet, oatmeal. Manka is not allowed.
• Vegetables: cabbage, pumpkin, cucumber, eggplant, zucchini. Vegetables should be cooked and stewed, less often eat raw vegetables.
• Of fruits, it is useful to prepare jelly, mousse. Excluded figs, raisins, sugar and sweets.
• Give preference to vegetable oil.
• Drinks: tea and coffee with milk, broth of a dogrose.

In the morning eat friable buckwheat, for dinner - cabbage soup, boiled carrots. In the evening - boiled fish. And at night - drink a glass of yogurt. Here's how your daily menu may look.

[26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31]

Diet 9a for diabetes mellitus

The diet for diabetes mellitus 9a is prescribed by the patient with its mild form with obesity. The value of a diet in calories is 1650 kcal. You need to eat 5 times, drinking 7 glasses of liquid a day. With diabetes, liver function is impaired. Help her with dishes from oatmeal, exclude fried. You can eat gooseberries, cherries and a little melon. 1 banana is not forbidden.

What is prohibited? Buns, sweets, jams, sweet juices, cakes, biscuits, dates, candies, compotes, sweet berries, pelmeni, ice cream, grapes. Replace white bread with rye, protein. Porridge is better to eat buckwheat or from millet. Rice and wheat groats are excluded. Use pumpkin, zucchini, fresh pepper, cucumbers. Baked and jellied fish, stewed, low-fat beef, veal, chicken are allowed. Two small portions of meat per day are allowed. Diabetic sausage and lean ham are allowed. Fat ham, smoked sausage and goose meat are excluded from the diet. Incombustible broths, vegetable soups, borsch, beetroots are allowed. Soups with noodles and beans, replace with cereals. Seasonings: pepper, mild ketchup. Do not eat salted sauces and mayonnaise. Sweet fruit juices and lemonade are excluded. Lean fish, cabbage, lemons, cranberries, cherries, gray bread, milk, buckwheat and pearl barley - these products should always be in your house.

[32], [33], [34]

Diet 8 with diabetes mellitus

The diet for diabetes mellitus 8 is prescribed for obese patients. The diet almost eliminates salt and seasoning. Cooking is done by the way of cooking and baking. Bread is recommended wheat in limited quantities, rye, protein-bran. Excludes baking. Allowed veal, stewed chicken, sausages diet. Goose, brains and canned food are not suitable for your nutrition. Recommended low-fat boiled, baked and pouring fish, boiled eggs, milk, yogurt, skimmed yogurt, cottage cheese. Cream, sweet yogurt and cheese, beef fat, culinary fat, pearl barley, pasta, peas are excluded. Recommended sauerkraut. Tomato and weak mushroom sauces, ketchup without preservatives are allowed. Tea and coffee with milk without sugar are recommended.

[35], [36], [37], [38], [39],

Diabetes diet menu

The main principles of diet therapy are to limit or eliminate diet easily assimilated carbohydrates, to provide the body with physiological quantities of proteins, fats, carbohydrates and vitamins to maintain an ideal body weight, maximum compensation of carbohydrate and other types of metabolism and preservation of the patients' ability to work.

Dietary measures in combination with insulin therapy are also characterized by the principle of fractional introduction of carbohydrates in accordance with the moments of the initial and maximum manifestation of the sugar reduction action of various insulin preparations or oral antidiabetic agents. The necessary amount of food for each person, including a diabetic patient, is determined by the amount of thermal energy that he consumes during the day. Calculation of daily calorie content of food is produced individually for each patient, depending on the ideal mass of his body (height in cm - 100). Adults with a normal body weight are required to maintain an ideal weight of 25 to 15 kcal / kg in absolute dormancy conditions. The necessary amount of energy to maintain the basic metabolism in the body - the basal energy balance (BEP) - depends on the phenotype of the patient, that is, the deficit or excess of body weight. Therefore, the calculation of the required thermal energy in kcal or joules (1 kcal = 4.2 kJ) is made taking into account the phenotypic characteristics of the patient.

Calculation of the energy needs of the organism depending on the phenotype of the patient

Phenotype	The amount of fat in the body weight,%	Required amount of energy
		Kcal / (kg-day)	KJ / (kg-day)
Thin Normal Obesity of I-II degree Obesity of III-IV degree	5-10 20-25 30-35 40	25 20 17th 15	105 84 71 63

Depending on the nature of the work performed by the patient (mental, physical labor, the degree of its intensity), it is necessary to add a certain amount of kilocalories to the EBV to compensate for additional energy losses. One of the options for calculating is given in Table. 16.

Calculation of daily calorie content of food depending on the nature of the patient's work

Nature of work	Total amount of calories per day
Very easy Lightweight Medium-heavy Heavy Very heavy	BEB + 1/6 BEB BEB + 1/3 BEB BEB + 1/2 BEE BEB + 2/3 BEE BEB + BEE

In addition to the table, other options for calculating the daily energy demand are also proposed. The difference between the results obtained can be 200-500 kcal / day. Therefore, they should be used only as a starting point for the appointment of a diet. Since one of the main goals of diet therapy is the normalization of the actual body weight, the indication for making adjustments to the calculations is the absence of weight loss with excessive body weight or its increase in case of insufficient body weight. In the calculation of the daily calorie content of the baby and young people, the requirement is 50-60 kcal / (kg-day).

The basic principles of the physiological diet were developed in our country by Soviet scientists SG Genes and EA Reznitskaya. This diet is now widely used in medical institutions in Russia. In this diet, the ratio of carbohydrates, fats and proteins within the daily calorie content of food is%: 60, 24 and 16, respectively. However, in some cases, the amount of carbohydrates can be reduced to 45%, for example, when carbohydrate-induced hyperlipidemia, accompanied by insulin resistance. In the presence of diseases requiring a dietary regime, diabetic nutrition is calculated taking into account the concomitant diseases. The menu is made according to the appropriate tables, taking into account the daily calorie content and the above-mentioned physiological ratio of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. When composing a set of products, it should be borne in mind that 1 g of protein in orgganism releases 4 kcal (16.8_kJ) of heat energy, 1 g of fat - 9 kcal (37.8 kJ), 1 g of carbohydrates - 4 kcal (16.8 kJ).

We give an example of calculation. Let us assume that the daily energy requirement for a patient is 2,250 kcal; the share of carbohydrates in the provision of this need should be 60%, ie 2250 * 60/100 = 1350 kcal. Since each gram of carbohydrates absorbed by the body releases 4 kcal, the total mass of carbohydrates in the daily diet should be 1350: 4 = 337 g. Similarly, the amount (in grams) of fats and protein is calculated.

In the process of metabolism, 50% of the protein injected with the food forms carbohydrates (gluconeogenesis), so the sugar value of the food is the total amount of carbohydrates plus 50% of the protein added to the daily diet (in grams). It should be borne in mind that 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the daily requirement for carbohydrates should be covered with vegetables and fruits - carriers of vitamins (especially - C and A), microelements and dietary fiber. In the last decade, it has been found to be more efficient to add it (coarse-fiber carbohydrates, plankton) to the patients' diet. It is found in products of plant origin. The structure of fiber includes structured and unstructured polysaccharides, as well as lignin. The first of these include hemicellulose, pectin, and to the second - gummies and mucus. The addition of vegetable products to the diet (20-40 grams of fiber per day) promotes a reduction in basal and food-stimulated hyperglycemia and a reduction in serum cholesterol and triglycerides. Their value is also in the fact that they provide adsorption and removal of bile acids from the body, normalize the function of the intestine. Currently, for medical purposes, bran has been used, as well as individual components of dietary fiber in the form of guarem in granules and acarbose in tablets, which suppresses the digestion of carbohydrates in the intestine. The content of fiber in foods of plant origin varies considerably.

One of the necessary conditions for diet therapy in diabetic patients is the fractional administration of carbohydrates on the background of treatment with insulin or sugar reducing drugs. The number of meals is 5-6 times a day, and the distribution of carbohydrates during the day (with 6 meals a day) is as follows,%: breakfast - 20, breakfast 2 - 10, lunch - 25, lunch - 10, dinner - 25 , 2nd supper - 10. With 5 meals a portion of carbohydrates can be increased in breakfast or lunch. It should be remembered that the methods of carbohydrate food should be made taking into account the moment of onset and the maximum hypoglycemic action of the insulin preparations used. In the treatment of oral hypoglycemic drugs, acting more evenly, the number of meals can be reduced to 4 times a day.

The chemical composition of vegetables, fruits, berries and fruits in 100 g of products (according to AA Pokrovsky)

Product name	Fiber, g	Product name	Fiber, g
Green peas	1	Strawberries	4
Courgettes	0.3	Cranberry	2
White cabbage	0.7	Raspberries	5
Cauliflower	0.9	Gooseberry	2
Potatoes	1	Red currants	2.5
Green onion (feather)	0.9	Tomatoes ground	0.8
Leek	1.5	Tomato greenhouse	0.4
Bulb onions	0.7	Dill	3.5
Carrots, red	1.2	Blackcurrant	3
Cucumber, ground	0.7	Rowan Garden	3.2
Cucumber greenhouse	0.5	Rowan black	2.7
Pepper green, sweet	1.5	The Turn	2.4
Pepper red, sweet	1.4	Blackberry	2
Parsley (herbs)	1.5	Dried apricots	3.5
Parsley (root)	1.3	Dried apricots	3.5
Salad	0.5	Prunes	1.6
Beet	0.9	Rosehip fresh	4
Celery (herbs)	0.9	Rosehip dry	10
Celery (root)	1	Fresh white mushrooms	2.3
Beans (pod)	1	Mushrooms, white, dried	19.8
Watermelon	0.5	Fresh brown pancakes	2.1
Melon	0.6	Aubergines fresh	2.5
Pumpkin	1.2	Fresh russet	1.4
Apricots	0.8	Dried mushrooms	19.8-24.5
Alycha	0.5	Chanterelles	0.7
Cherry	0.5	Oily	1.2
Pear	0.6	Honey mushrooms	2.3
Peaches	0.9	Nuts	3-4
Plum (garden)	0.5	Oatmeal	1.9
Cherries	0.3	Groats of oatmeal	2.8
Apples	0.6	Buckwheat	1.1
Oranges	1.4	Pearl barley	1
Grapefruits	0.7	Bread wheaten from protein-otrubnoj flour	2.2
Lemons	1.3
Mandarins	0.6	Black tea	4,5
Lingonberry	1.6	Coffee fried in beans	12.8
Grapes	0.6	Instant coffee	0

From the diet of patients it is desirable to completely exclude simple sugars or limit their quantity. According to JI Mann, the use of up to 50 grams of unrefined and refined (sugar cane) sugar in the daily diet does not significantly affect the average daily glycemia and lipid content in the blood. With complete elimination from the diet of easily assimilated carbohydrates to the food of the rivers, it is necessary to add sorbitol, xylitol, fructose or sweets (aspartame) consists of aspartic amino acid and phenylalanine, 200 times sweeter than sugar, no side effect and no caloric content. Produced in tablets of 20 mg.), Which do not affect glycemia, but cause a sense of sweet taste of food. The amount of xylitol of sorbitol and fructose should not exceed 30 g / day (1 g of these sugar substitutes corresponds to 4 kcal), their excess gives a side effect - diarrhea.

The most complete food is proteins. Depending on the content in them, essential amino acids distinguish high-grade amino acids (they contain interchangeable and all essential amino acids) and deficient amino acids (they contain replaceable and some essential amino acids) proteins. The first are part of products of animal origin (meat, fish), are found in dairy products and eggs. Proteins are a plastic material, so their deficiency reduces the body's resistance, leads to changes in the synthesis of hormones, enzymes and other disorders. The bone tissue and the hemopoiesis system are sensitive to lack of protein.

The need for a protein of a healthy person and a patient with diabetes is 1-1.5 g per 1 kg of body weight. In this case, the proportion of animal proteins should be% of daily allowance

Fats are the main source of energy in the body. Like proteins, they are divided into full and inferior, depending on the content of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic), which are hardly synthesized in the body. The need for them can be met through exogenous fats. Vegetable oils are high-grade fats, as they are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, the need for which is 4-7 g / day. The main source of unsaturated fatty acids and phosphatides (lecithin) are unrefined vegetable oils: sunflower, corn, olive. Phosphatides have a lipotropic effect, contribute to the accumulation of protein in the body. Fats belong to high-calorie foods, are slowly disposed of, create a lasting sense of satiety. They are needed as carriers of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, K, E. The need for fat in an adult - 1 g per 1 g of protein, in the elderly the fat rate is reduced to 0.75-0.8 g per 1 g of protein. In this case, the reduction in diet is due to saturated fatty acids. Unsaturated fatty acids should be about 30-40% at this age, in children and young people - 15% of the daily diet of fat. Excessive use of it leads to obesity, decompensation of diabetes mellitus, fatty liver disease, ketoacidosis, development of atherosclerosis, cholelithiasis and other disorders. Reduction - to hypovitaminosis, energy and other metabolic disorders, weakening of immunobiological processes.

When appointing a diet should take into account the daily need for vitamins. The physiological diet usually contains a sufficient number of them. However, given the increased demand for vitamins in diabetes mellitus and, as a rule, a violation of their absorption in the intestine, it is necessary to enrich them with a diet of patients. At the same time, they need to get vitamins in the form of drugs, because only by food can not eliminate their deficiency in the body, people with diabetes are shown drinks, decoctions and infusions of hips, blueberries, black currants, black and red mountain ash, blackberry, lemon . Many vitamins also contain fruits and vegetables.

Patients with diabetes mellitus type II, as well as having excess body weight can be appointed against the background of a hypocaloric diet 2-3 times a week, unloading days, when the caloric content of foods should be 300-800 kcal.

1. Curd-kefir day: cottage cheese fat - 200 g, kefir - 400 g (690 kcal).
2. Meat: boiled beef - 400 g, as much raw or boiled white cabbage. Instead of it (if its tolerance is poor), you can assign salad, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, green peas, cauliflower, etc. As a garnish.
3. Apple: 1,5 kg of apples (690 kcal).
4. Cucumber: 2 kg of cucumber and 3 g of salt (300 kcal).
5. Mixed vegetable unloading day: cabbage, radish, lettuce, carrots, onions, cucumbers, tomatoes, parsley, dill, etc., in the form of salad, only up to 2 kg; season with lemon juice (450-500 kcal).
6. Oatmeal: 200 g of oatmeal are boiled on water and add 25 g of butter (800 kcal).
7. Fruit-egg: 5 times a day, assign 1 egg and 100 grams of apples with a cup of coffee or broth of rose hips without sugar (750 kcal). It is performed with normal liver function.
8. Kefir: 1.5 liters of kefir. Caloric content is 840 kcal. The indicator of the possibility of using a diet in the form of monotherapy is the achievement of diurnal fluctuations of glycemia from 100 to 200 mg% in the absence of glucosuria. If its fluctuations exceed these figures, then a combination of diet therapy with tablet sugar-reducing drugs or insulin is necessary.

Here is an example of a menu for people with diabetes on the days of the week.

• Monday: for breakfast, eat bread, 3 tbsp. Buckwheat, 4 tbsp. Salad from cucumbers, tomatoes and greens, 90 g low-fat cheese and 2 apples. Drink mineral water without gas. At 10-00, drink a glass of tomato juice or eat a tomato and a banana. For lunch - two ladle of borsch without meat and beans, 3 tablespoons. Buckwheat, 1 tbsp. Berry compote without sugar, 2 slices of bread, 5 tbsp. Vegetable salad, a piece of boiled fish. For an afternoon snack: 2 slices of milk sausage, a glass of tomato juice. Dinner: 1 boiled potatoes, 1 apple, a glass of low-fat kefir.
• On Tuesday: 2 tablespoons. Spoonfuls of oatmeal, 2 slices of rabbit stew, raw small carrot and apple, a glass of tea with lemon without sugar. The second breakfast is a banana. Lunch: 2 soup ladles with meatballs (400 g), boiled potatoes (150 g), 2 cookies, a glass of fruit compote on xylitol or sorbitol. Snack - a glass of blueberries. Dinner: a tablespoon of buckwheat and 1 sausage, a glass of tomato juice.
• Wednesday: eat a piece of bread for breakfast, 2 tbsp. Salad from cucumbers, tomatoes and greens, a piece of hard cheese and a banana. For the second breakfast - drink tea with lemon without sugar, eat 1 peach. For lunch: 300 ml of vegetable soup, a slice of bread, 1 tbsp. Buckwheat, 3 tbsp. Vegetable salad, 1 tangerine. For a mid-morning snack: a mandarin. For dinner we offer 1 tbsp. Oat porridge, fish cutlet and tea with lemon without sugar.
• Thursday: Monday, Friday - Tuesday menu, Saturday - Wednesday menu.
• Sunday: for breakfast - 6 dumplings, a glass of coffee without sugar, 3 cookies. For a second breakfast at 10-00 - 5 apricot sour. Lunch: 300 ml of buckwheat soup, boiled potatoes (no more than 100 g), 5 tbsp. Vegetable salad, 3 cookies of biscuits, sugar-free compote. A snack may include 2 apples. Dinner: 1 tbsp. Oatmeal, 1 sausage, 3 cookies of biscuits, a glass of tomato juice and a glass of low-fat kefir before bedtime.

Here is an example of the fact that a diet with diabetes can be useful, balanced and tasty.

[40],

Diabetes Diet with Diabetes

Low-carb Ducane diet stops the development of prediabetes in diabetes. The Ducane diet contains a minimum of salt. The basis of the diet - fish and poultry, boiled vegetables.

• What kind of meat can be eaten with a Ducane diet? Lean meat, rabbit, liver, turkey.
• Can I eat fish? Yes, you are suitable for low-fat fish.
• What kind of sour-milk products can I use? Low-fat cottage cheese, yogurt.
• Can I exercise? You can walk half an hour a day and swim in the pool.

You can buy a book about the Dukan diet in Kiev for 100-120 UAH, but first consult an endocrinologist.

[41], [42], [43], [44]

Diet for the prevention of diabetes mellitus

Observe simple principles of diabetes prevention: 

1. Drink more water. At what coffee, tea, juice for cells of your body are food, and not liquid. 
2. Eat cabbage, carrots, bell peppers and beans. 
3. Walking on stairs, walking and active games with children help to maintain the body in a tone and avoid obesity. It is obesity - the cause of CD2. 
4. No cigarettes, alcohol on holidays.

Diabetes is incurable, but you can live with it. And even better to warn him. Because diabetes is the cause ...:

• Problems with memory and stroke. And this means disability, long-term rehabilitation, problems with the choice of profession.
• Sexual weakness in men and the inability to have a child in women. And in the end - a ruined family.
• Diseases of the teeth. It is unaesthetic, expensive to treat and leads to problems with the stomach.
• Fat hepatosis, cirrhosis and ... Death.
• Violations of trophism of the skin and ulcers. It is clear that this is unaesthetic and threatens with infections until the blood is contaminated.
• Deformation of the joints of the hands. Physical work is no longer for you.
• Decreased immunity, furunculosis. A condition similar to what develops with AIDS. Any infection is deadly.
• Renal insufficiency. For you it means self-denial and slow death.

Limit sugar, honey. Chocolate replace marmalade. Meet the products from bran. Cook all dishes and bake. Replace coffee with chicory. Do not starve. Eat slowly. Have breakfast oatmeal with apples. Dine with vegetable salad and boiled meat, barley and buckwheat porridge, vegetable soup. Limit the nuts.

Diabetes diet will help you avoid its terrible complications - remember that today diabetes is not a fatal disease, but a special way of life and be healthy!

[45], [46], [47], [48], [49],