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Anechogenous formation in the kidney
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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In clinical medicine there is no anechoic formation in the kidney, because this is one of the diagnostic signs of some nephrologic pathologies, which is revealed in the process of ultrasound (ultrasound) of the kidneys.
Anechogenous formation in the kidney is a zone defined by the echogram of this organ "deaf" (not reflecting ultrasonic waves), visualized as a dark spot.
As the specialists of ultrasound diagnostics note, so on the image formed by ultrasound, the dense tissue structures, rather than the fluid accumulations, appear. And in most cases with kidneys these formations are cystic.
Causes of the anechogenous education in the kidney
The main causes of anehogenic formations in the kidney are the presence of cysts. It is for this type of formation that echoes are characteristic for ultrasound examination of any visceral organs. In addition, the cysts, which are isolated rounded capsule-shaped cavities containing liquids, create a clearer image of the distant tissue structures of the kidney on the echogram (as doctors say, distal reinforcement).
The renal cyst is usually determined by ultrasound as an anechogenic avascular formation in the kidney, that is, there are no blood vessels in it and there is no circulation of blood.
To date, the pathogenesis of cystic formations remains unclear. Nephrologists and urologists congenital renal cysts are called multilocular and connect their appearance with abnormalities of intrauterine development. Also, involvement in the formation of cystic anechoic formations in the kidneys of frequently diagnosed inflammations in the renal pelvis (pyelonephritis), presence of kidney stones (nephrolithiasis) or infection of the kidneys of M. Tuberculosis and the development of tuberculosis of the kidneys is not excluded .
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Symptoms of the anechogenous education in the kidney
Simple cysts in the kidneys - a kind of benign formations - are often found during ultrasound, performed on a different occasion, since with this pathology symptoms in two thirds of cases are absent, and the cyst itself does not require treatment.
But if a simple kidney cyst grows large enough, the symptoms of anechogenous formation in the kidney may include: blunt pain in the lumbar region, in the abdomen or in the side; fever; the appearance of blood impurities in the secreted urine (hematuria); violation of urination (due to pressure of the cyst on the renal pelvis).
Forms
Cysts are simple and complex; single (solitary) and multiple; peripheral (subcapsular and cortical); cysts in the cortical or brain tissues of the kidney (cysts of the parenchyma); cysts of the renal sinus (sinus renalis), etc.
Complications and consequences
Sometimes cystic kidney diseases can give complications, including: infection (with fever and pain); rupture of the cyst (with severe pain in the back or in the side); violation of the normal passage of urine due to compression of the ureter, which can lead to swelling of the kidney (hydronephrosis). And the effects of multiple cysts diagnosed as polycystic kidney can be expressed in partial or complete atrophy of the organ leading to renal failure.
Diagnostics of the anechogenous education in the kidney
Conducted: ultrasound with diuretics, ultrasound dopplerography of kidney vessels, nephroscintigraphy, computed tomography (including contrasting), blood and urine tests, puncture biopsy.
Differential diagnosis
Discovered during an ultrasound study anehogenous formation in the kidney can cause suspicion of a cystic form of a malignant tumor - cystic renal cell carcinoma.
To identify oncology, differential diagnostics is carried out, which includes not only the standard signs of kidney and ureter pathologies for cystic ultrasound formations .
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Treatment of the anechogenous education in the kidney
Treatment of anechogenous education in the kidney is the treatment of a disease that manifested itself in this way in ultrasound examination of the kidneys. Read more - Kista of the kidney and Treatment of the kidney cyst.