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The doctor of ultrasound
The ultrasound doctor conducts ultrasound examination of the human body with the help of special equipment. Diagnosis is the use of methods used and permitted in medical practice.
When should I go to an ultrasound doctor?
During pregnancy, ultrasound is prescribed in such cases:
- when it is necessary to clarify, what is the duration of pregnancy (in situations where there is a cesarean section, induction and artificial abortion);
- if you need to evaluate how the fetus develops (when there are risk factors that intrauterine developmental delays and macrosomia are possible: the presence of severe preeclampsia, prolonged arterial hypertension, chronic renal failure, and severe diabetes mellitus);
- if there is bleeding in the genitals in pregnant women;
- ultrasound research helps to determine how the fetus lies on the terminal gestation period, when it is impossible to understand by other methods during delivery;
- when the presence of multiple pregnancies is suspected (when listening to the heartbeat at least two fruits with a standing height of the uterus bottom exceeding the gestational age, and also if the pregnancy followed the induction of ovulation);
- if the size of the uterus does not correspond to the period of gestation, an ultrasound can be used to refine the gestational age and prevent small- and polyhydramnios;
- when there is a large volume of education, which was revealed during the vaginal examination;
- if they suspect the presence of a bladder drift, and with it observe arterial hypertension, proteinuria, ovarian cyst if there is no palpitation of the baby's future (if the pregnancy is more than twelve weeks during the Doppler study);
- if there is an occurrence of ischemic-cervical insufficiency. Ultrasound examination allows you to control the condition of the cervix, determine the right time when you can apply a circular suture;
- when an ectopic pregnancy or a high risk is suspected, that the pathology can develop;
- if they suspect that the fetus may die;
- when resorting to the use of invasive methods of research - to fetoscopy, intrauterine blood transfusion, cordocentesis, chorion biopsy, amniocentesis;
- if they suspect that there is a pathology of the uterus (with uterine myoma, its bifurcation, when it is two-horned);
- when it is necessary to check, in what position is the intrauterine contraceptive;
- Ultrasound is used when observing how the ovarian follicle grows;
- to assess the biophysical profile of the future baby in the period of gestation for more than twenty-eight weeks (if the presence of intrauterine hypoxia is suspected);
- at various manipulations at sorts, for example, when the second fruit from twins is developed, and it needs to be correctly extracted;
- when small and polyhydramnios are suspected;
- when they suspect that premature detachment of the placenta has occurred;
- with an external turn of the fetus during pelvic diligence;
- if you need to determine the weight of the child during premature discharge of amniotic fluid, and when premature birth occurs;
- when serum in a pregnant woman is observed in high amounts of alpha-fetoprotein. In this case, by means of ultrasound, the gestational age is clarified, and also, in order to exclude multiple pregnancies, anencephaly and the death of one of the fetuses;
- in order to assess previously diagnosed malformations in a future baby;
- with congenital malformations in the development of the baby;
- To assess how the fruits develop (if we are dealing with multiple pregnancies);
- if you need to determine the duration of pregnancy, when a woman later turned to the doctor.
Planned ultrasound diagnostic tests are conducted in order to:
- to reveal structural changes in organs and tissues;
- To specify pathological conditions which have been revealed before with the help of other methods;
- determine the nature of pathological processes;
- identify topical supplies of pathological processes;
- To reveal, how much the pathological process is widespread;
- to work out indications to other diagnoses that are harder to investigate;
- perform percutaneous aspiration puncture biopsy with ultrasound guidance;
- to control how well the treatment is carried out;
- to investigate, in what condition the blood vessels reside.
Urgent ultrasound examination appoint:
- with suspected bleeding (internal);
- with acute pain syndromes;
- at acute jaundice (for carrying out of ultrasonic research it is additionally necessary to make analyzes of a blood on a virus of a hepatitis);
- if there is a suspicion of an acute vascular thrombosis.
What tests do I need to take when I see an ultrasound doctor?
Ultrasound examination is usually prescribed by the attending physician for a specific purpose. To ensure the effectiveness of the study was higher, it is important to meet certain conditions.
An ultrasound doctor will be required to provide the patient with information on the preliminary examination by the treating doctor and data on the preliminary examination (medical history, extract from it, description of the preliminary study).
When ultrasound examination of female organs of the small pelvis - uterus, appendages, bladder - the data of the preliminary gynecological examination are needed.
When ultrasound examination of male pelvic organs - prostate, bladder - a preliminary examination of the urologist, as well as the availability of blood test results on the PSA.
In order for the ultrasound physician to perform ultrasound diagnostics, the patient must ensure that the treating doctor provides clearly formulated and justified prescriptions in writing.
What organs are examined by a doctor of ultrasound?
The ultrasound doctor diagnoses the abdominal cavity, thyroid gland, small pelvis, kidneys, prostate, mammary glands.
Ultrasound examination of the human body is a method of visualization, through which a realistic picture emerges, in which state the internal organs of the patient are.
The essence of this method is that by means of ultrasound the human body is "enlightened". Different tissues of the human body, ultrasound is carried out in different ways. For example, brain research using ultrasound is impossible - it is protected by a skull that does not conduct ultrasound. Also, there is no ultrasonic examination of the lungs, since the air in them helps to dissipate these waves. There are still hollow organs, and the tissues that are behind them, "see" is also difficult.
What diagnostic methods does the ultrasound doctor use?
The main methods of diagnosis in the ultrasound is the following:
- transabdominal ultrasound;
- transrectal ultrasound;
- transvaginal ultrasound;
- ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity;
- ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland;
- ultrasound examination of the small pelvis;
- ultrasound examination of small pelvis in female representatives;
- ultrasound examination of the kidneys;
- ultrasound examination of the prostate;
- ultrasound examination during pregnancy;
- ultrasound examination of the fetus in ZD;
- ultrasound examination of mammary glands;
- ultrasound examination of the vascular system;
- echocardiography.
What does the ultrasound doctor do?
The ultrasound is engaged in carrying out the necessary diagnostic studies, recommends the methods by which the complex examination of the patient is performed (instrumental, functional, laboratory diagnostics). In addition, if necessary, the ultrasound doctor directs the patient to other doctors for advice and treatment.
What kind of diseases is the doctor treating ultrasound?
Methods of clinical application of ultrasound methods are found in the following areas:
- obstetrics;
- gynecology;
- abdominal studies;
- intraoperative research;
- neonatal research;
- radiology;
- cardiology;
- oncology;
- emergency medicine.
Advices of a doctor of a doctor of ultrasound
Doctors of ultrasound do not recommend this technique to investigate the state of the brain in an adult. Although in infancy, when the cranial bones are not yet hardened, ultrasound can be effective and provide the right information.
Ultrasound examination is not used for lung examination, for the heart in some body positions this method is available (when the sensor is directed from the side of the stomach or the jugular fossa on the neck). There are also ways in which ultrasound studies resort to the help of the esophagus, into which special equipment is introduced. But not all hospitals have the necessary technology for this method, most often it is only in specialized clinical centers.
The results of ultrasound examination enable reliable diagnosis of hip dysplasia in infancy. In such cases it is also better to contact specialized centers, as their specialists work in this particular direction. Ultrasound is good for diagnosing various eye diseases. Of course, for this purpose a special technique is used. Doctors of ultrasound do not recommend the frequent use of ultrasound diagnostics during fetal bearing, if for that there are no valid reasons, but simply out of curiosity. The methodology of ultrasound is effective in diagnosing diseases associated with intervertebral discs.
Medical expert editor
Portnov Alexey Alexandrovich
Education: Kiev National Medical University. A.A. Bogomolets, Specialty - "General Medicine"
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