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Alcoholic myopathy
Last reviewed: 07.07.2025
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Symptoms alcoholic myopathy
The most common type of myopathy is chronic alcoholic myopathy. The disease develops gradually. Over the course of several weeks or months, diffuse weakness and muscle wasting increase. Reflexes are preserved in the early stages, but are reduced in the presence of polyneuropathy. Acute toxic myopathy with painful spasms may develop against the background of prolonged binge drinking. The main manifestations are muscle weakness, mainly in the proximal parts of the lower extremities, and pronounced cramps in the affected muscles.
Another cause of muscle weakness with long-term alcohol use may be electrolyte disturbances, particularly hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia. In this regard, it is necessary to determine the levels of electrolytes in the blood serum.
Acute necrotic myopathy with myoglobinuria may develop against the background of a multi-day heavy drinking binge. There are severe muscle pains, asymmetrical muscle weakness, mainly in the proximal parts of the limbs, and swelling, density and soreness of the muscles of the legs and lower body are noted upon palpation.
Diagnostics alcoholic myopathy
Laboratory diagnostics
An increase in the level of creatinine phosphokinase in the blood and myoglobinuria are detected.
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Instrumental methods
Electromyogram shows myopathic changes.
The electrocardiogram shows rhythm and conduction disturbances.
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Treatment alcoholic myopathy
It is recommended to administer thiamine 50-100 mg per day intramuscularly. In addition, sedatives and painkillers are prescribed. A balanced diet, abstinence from alcohol, and correction of water and electrolyte imbalances are necessary. Some patients require hemodialysis. Recovery takes several months and is often incomplete.