Acute Coryza (Coryza): Overview of Information

Acute rhinitis (acute rhinitis) is an acute nonspecific inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity.

ICD-10 code

J00 Acute nasopharyngitis (runny nose).

Epidemiology of acute rhinitis

Acute rhinitis is considered one of the most common diseases in children and adults, there is no precise epidemiological data.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]

Causes of acute rhinitis

In the etiology of acute catarrhal rhinitis, the reduction of local and general resistance of the organism and the activation of microflora in the nasal cavity are of primary importance. Usually this happens with general or local supercooling, which breaks the protective neural-reflex mechanisms. The weakening of local and general immunity in the supercooling of the entire body or its parts (legs, head, etc.) leads to an increase in the pathogenic activity of microorganisms saprophytic in the nasal cavity, in particular staphylococci, streptococci, and some others, especially in people who are not seasoned and cold and sharp changes in temperature. The effect of hypothermia is more pronounced in people with reduced resistance, especially against the background of chronic diseases, in patients weakened by acute diseases.

Acute rhinitis (acute rhinitis) - Causes and pathogenesis

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Symptoms of acute rhinitis

In the clinical picture of acute catarrhal rhinitis, three stages are distinguished. Successively passing one, to another:

• dry stage (irritation);
• stage of serous discharge;
• stage of mucopurulent discharge (resolution).

For each of these stages, specific complaints and manifestations are characteristic, and therefore approaches to treatment will be different.

The duration of the dry stage (irritation) is usually several hours, rarely 1-2 days. Patients notice a feeling of dryness, tension, burning, scratching, tickling in the nose, often in the throat and larynx, worried about sneezing. At the same time, there is malaise, cognition, patients complain of heaviness and pain in the head, more often in the forehead area, fever to subfebrile, less often to febrile values. In this stage, the nasal mucosa is hyperemic, dry, it gradually swells, and the nasal passages narrow. Breathing through the nose is gradually broken, note the deterioration of the sense of smell (respiratory hyposmia), the weakening of taste, there is a closed nasal.

Acute rhinitis (acute cold) - Symptoms

Classification of Acute Coryza

Allocate:

• acute catarrhal rhinitis (rhinitis cataralis acuta);
• acute catarrhal rhinopharyngitis;
• acute traumatic rhinitis.

[11], [12], [13], [14]

Diagnosis of acute rhinitis

For the diagnosis of acute rhinitis, anterior rhinoscopy and an endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity are used.

Acute rhinitis (acute cold) - Diagnosis

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Treatment of acute rhinitis

Treatment of acute rhinitis is aimed at arresting the painful symptoms of acute rhinitis, reducing the duration of the disease.

Acute rhinitis is usually treated as an outpatient. In rare cases of a severe cold accompanied by a significant increase in body temperature, a bed rest is recommended. It is better for the patient to allocate a room with warm and moistened air, which reduces the painful feeling of dryness, tension and burning in the nose. Do not eat spicy, irritating food. It is necessary to monitor the timeliness of physiological items (stool, urination). During the closing of the nasal passages, one does not need to forcibly breathe through the nose, blowing should be done without much effort and at one point only through one half of the nose, so as not to throw the pathological discharge through the auditory tubes into the middle ear.

Acute rhinitis (acute cold) - Treatment and prevention