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Acetone vapor poisoning
Last reviewed: 07.06.2024
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Acetone (solvent) is a colorless volatile liquid with a characteristic odor. Inhalation of its vapors or ingestion of the liquid in the GI tract is dangerous to health. The substance causes irreversible processes in the body, which leads to disability of the victim, and in severe cases and to death.
Symptoms of the acetone poisoning
The effect of acetone vapors on the body causes irritation and swelling of the nasopharynx, which leads to shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. Against the background of poisoning there is a decrease in blood pressure, the rhythm of cardiovascular activity is disturbed, heart rate slows down.
The CNS is most affected, by the violations of which it is possible to diagnose the lesion of acetone. The main signs of intoxication include:
- Irritation of mucous membranes.
- Drowsiness.
- Hallucinations.
- Slurred speech.
- Stupor, syncope, coma.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Lower abdominal pain.
- Unpleasant mouth odor.
If the solvent got into the gastrointestinal tract, it is manifested by acute burning in the pharynx and esophagus, sharp pains in the stomach. Prolonged exposure to the toxin leads to irreversible damage to the kidneys and liver, yellowing of the sclerae and skin, difficult urination. The last stage of poisoning is manifested by pallor of the face and blueing of the victim's extremities. Convulsions develop, breathing is confused, the patient loses coordination of movements.
Treatment of the acetone poisoning
The first thing to do in case of suspected acetone intoxication is to call emergency medical help. Before the arrival of medics, the patient should be taken outside, providing a supply of fresh air. If the solvent was taken internally, then it is necessary to rinse the stomach with plenty of water with the addition of potassium permanganate. Then the victim is given to drink a weak saline solution or activated charcoal.
In intoxication of moderate severity, infusion therapy with isotonic and crystalloid solutions is carried out. In metabolic acidosis alkalizing solutions are used, and in severe poisoning - hemodialysis and hemosorption.