Head sarcoma

Sarcoma of the head is a malignant tumor, which very often causes death. Most often, the head is affected by synovial sarcoma, that is, a solitary tumor that is falsely encapsulated. Neoplasm is localized in the upper third of the head, on the lateral surface and under the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Oncologists distinguish 4 types of synovial sarcoma, which can affect the head:

• Round-celled, with cavities containing slime-like masses.
• A tumor consisting of cells resembling epithelium, but forming an alveolar structure.
• Sarcoma from spindle-shaped cells.
• Polymorphic cell type.

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Sarcoma of the skull

Sarcoma of the skull is a malignant tumor that causes compression of the brain and the appearance of neurological symptoms. Most often diagnosed with chondosarcomas and osteosarcomas. Treatment of this type of neoplasm is ineffective, as the sarcoma recurs and metastasizes. For the diagnosis use methods of computer and magnetic resonance imaging. In some cases, resort to the method of craniography.

Treatment of the sarcoma of the skull is aimed at normalizing intracranial pressure, preventing relapses and metastasis. If the sarcoma is caused by a progressive decrease in vision, then surgical intervention, optic nerve decompression, lumbar-punctate bypass surgery is used.

Sarcoma of the eye

Sarcoma of the eye is most common in preschool children. The tumor develops from the epicleras or the tissues of the periosteum, hitting one side. At the first stage, the disease resembles chalazion, since it affects the upper parts of the orbit. The first symptom of a malignant neoplasm is puffiness, redness of the eyelid and swelling of the orbit. After a while, descent begins to develop. If the sarcoma is available for palpation, then to the touch it can be firm or elastic, depending on the source of growth. Neoplasm can sprout through the skin, creating spikes.

Sarcoma of the eye reaches a large size in a short period of time. Because of the progressive growth of the tumor, the patient feels the bursting pains in the orbit and in the orbit behind the eye. Very often there is a shift in the eyeball and a restriction of its mobility. The main symptom of a progressive sarcoma of the eye is a one-way exophthalmos. If the sarcoma affects the orbit of the eye, it can germinate, that is, metastasize to the nasal cavity, the cranial cavity or the paranasal sinuses.

Because of the growth of sarcoma and persistent pain, visual disorders occur early in patients, which lead to such changes as atrophy and congestion of the optic nerve disk, retinal hemorrhage and degenerative changes, unilateral blindness, ulcers and erosion. Diagnose sarcoma of the eye with the help of radioisotope studies, cytological examination, general clinical picture, X-ray tomography and other methods.

Treatment of a malignant tumor consists in surgical removal of the sarcoma and part of a healthy tissue (in some cases, the orbit is completely cleaned). In the postoperative period, the patient is given a course of radiation exposure, regular blood transfusions and chemotherapy.

Nose sarcoma

Nose sarcoma is a malignant tumor that affects the internal cavity of the nose. The development of sarcoma depends on what tissues it originated from. So, the nose most often amazes:

• Fibrosarcoma - develops from the connective soft tissues of the nose, has a high malignancy. Rapidly progressing, able to metastasize with blood flow.
• Osteosarcoma - develops from bone tissue, grows rapidly and metastasizes into the lungs.
• Lymphosarcoma - grows from lymphoid cells, lets metastases through the lymphatic vessels. As a rule, it affects the nasal conch or the septum of the nose, it can recur.
• Chondrosarcoma - develops from cartilage nasal passages. Very malignant, metastasizes with blood flow.

The symptomatology of the sarcoma of the nose depends on the type of tumor, its location and the stage of development. The symptomatology corresponds to the pathological stages: the latent period, growth inside the nasal passages, metastasis to neighboring organs, lesion of lymph nodes and distant organs and systems.

Diagnose sarcoma of the nose with the help of histological examination and a number of combined techniques. As for treatment, oncologists use radiotherapy and chemotherapy. By a radical method, surgical removal of the tumor is considered.

Sarkoma face

Face sarcoma is an extremely rare and malignant disease. The peculiarity of the tumor is its slow growth, and in some cases, metastasis. Most often the sarcoma affects the upper lip, wings of the nose, eyelids and nasolabial furrows. In the first stages, the sarcoma is manifested as a small compaction. Soon the skin over the nodule begins to ulcerate and become crusted, which even after removal, increases again. There are several types of malignant skin lesions. By its nature and the course of the disease, the facial sarcoma can be compared with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or basiloma.

The facial sarcoma can affect individual parts of the face and gradually metastasize to neighboring parts. So, most often there is a sarcoma of the nose, lips, eyes and facial skin. Diagnosis of sarcoma presents certain difficulties. Since even at the last stages of development, sarcoma can be considered a benign tumor. In order to accurately recognize the disease, a biopsy is performed (tissue sampling for histological or cytological examination).

To treat sarcomas of the skin resort to methods of radiation therapy, surgical intervention and combined methods. Treatment of metastasis occurs with the help of chemotherapy and radiation, which destroy malignant cells.

Sarcoma of the throat

Sarcoma of the throat is a malignant process that develops due to chronic inflammation. As a rule, sarcoma occurs on the sites of metaplasia and epithelial dysplasia. There are two types of sarcomas that affect the throat: connective tissue and epithelial. The first group includes spindle cell sarcoma, lymphosarcoma, fibrosarcoma and reticulosarcoma. The second group includes adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated tumors and squamous cell carcinoma.

The symptomatology of sarcoma of the throat depends on the location of the tumor and the direction of its growth. If the tumor is located in the upper part of the throat, then it breaks the breath and causes bleeding. Sarcoma can metastasize, and sprout into the bones of the skull, disrupting the functions of the cranial nerves. The tumor is able to germinate and through the side walls, causing pain in the ear and weakening of the hearing. In some cases, the sarcoma metastasizes into the cervical lymph nodes.

Diagnose sarcoma with the help of X-ray and instrumental research. To clarify the diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are performed. In the case of a morphological study, the throat sarcoma is diagnosed with a biopsy. Because of the anatomical features of the structure of the throat, the treatment is carried out by the methods of radiation irradiation and chemotherapy. The prognosis of the sarcoma of the throat is unfavorable, and the effectiveness of treatment depends on the rationality of the use of radiotherapy.

Sarcoma of the head is characterized by a rapid growth rate and progression. At the initial stages, the patient does not feel painful symptoms, but as soon as the neoplasm begins to increase and metastasize to neighboring tissues, severe pains appear. Sarcoma recurs in 65% of cases, in 25% of cases there are regional metastases, and in 40% - distant. Treatment of sarcoma of the head is complex and combined. Oncologists use surgical methods of treatment and irradiation.