What causes back pain?

Rheumatoid arthritis and back pain

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes damage mediated by cytokines, chemokines and metalloproteases.

Ankylosing spondylitis and back pain

Ankylosing spondylitis is a systemic disease characterized by inflammation of the axial skeleton and large peripheral joints, nocturnal back pain, back stiffness, worsening kyphosis, constitutional symptoms, and anterior uveitis.

Rib-vertebral articulation syndrome.

The costovertebral joint is a true joint that can be affected by osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, and especially ankylosing spondylitis.

Multiple myeloma and back pain.

Multiple myeloma is a rare cause of back pain that is often misdiagnosed in its early stages. It is a unique condition that can cause pain through several mechanisms, either individually or in combination.

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a disease of the ligamentous apparatus of the spine. The cause of DISH is unknown. The sign of the disease is continuous ossification of the ligamentous structures of the spine, which extends to at least three vertebral spaces.

Paget's disease and back pain.

Paget's disease is a rare cause of back pain, often diagnosed on non-contrast radiography performed for other purposes or when the patient notices swelling of the long bones.

Cervicothoracic interosseous bursitis.

The interspinous ligaments of the lower cervical and upper thoracic spine can cause acute and chronic pain when they become overloaded. Bursitis is thought to be the cause of this pain.

Cervical facet syndrome

Cervical facet syndrome is a set of symptoms that include pain in the neck, head, shoulder, and proximal upper limb, radiating in a non-dermatomal pattern. The pain is mild and dull. It can be unilateral or bilateral, and is believed to be due to pathology of the facet joint.

Cervical spondylosis and spondylotic cervical myelopathy

Cervical spondylosis is an osteoarthritis of the cervical vertebrae causing spinal stenosis and sometimes cervical myelopathy due to the impact of bony osteoarthritic growths (osteophytes) on the lower cervical segments of the spinal cord, sometimes involving adjacent cervical roots (radiculomyelopathy).

Arachnoiditis and back pain.

Arachnoiditis is a thickening, scarring, and inflammation of the arachnoid membrane. These changes may be localized or may result in compression of the nerve roots and spinal cord.

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