Dark-colored urine: physiological and pathological causes

Dark urine indicates certain processes in the body, which can be both natural and pathological. Let's consider the main causes of this symptom.

Urine is a waste product of a living organism. It is formed in the kidneys by filtering and reabsorbing blood. Analysis of this biological fluid is of great value in the primary diagnosis of many diseases, especially lesions of internal organs. Particular attention is paid to its color.

Cause

Darkening of urine that persists for several days causes serious concern about health. The causes of dark urine can be both natural and pathological.

1. Natural:

• Increased physical activity.
• Drinking little fluid.
• Foods that color urine.
• Extreme heat.
• Use of medicinal products.

In addition to the above factors, biological fluid can change its color during the day. It is darkest in the morning. This is due to its concentration during the night, when the fluid does not enter the body. This happens when the water balance is not maintained during the day, increased sweating, hot weather and physical activity.

As for food products that affect the color of urine, these are: beets, beans, carrots, blueberries and even beef. Changes in urine are observed in people who drink a lot of black tea and coffee. If you exclude the above products from your diet, the color is restored to normal.

There are also medications that cause darkening of biological fluid. These are drugs that contain the following substances: cephalosporins, acetylsalicylic acid, ascorbic acid, metronidazole, riboflavin, nitrofuran and its derivatives, sulfonamides.

2. Pathological causes:

• Liver diseases (cirrhosis, hepatitis).
• Damage to the gallbladder and bile ducts (cholestasis, cholelithiasis, pancreatitis).
• Dehydration.
• Infectious diseases of the genitourinary system.
• Kidney diseases (polycystic kidney disease, nephrolithiasis, glomerulonephritis).
• Oncological processes in the body.
• Copper salt poisoning.
• Metabolic disorders (hemochromatosis, porphyria, tyrosinemia).

If the liquid is dark yellow, cloudy or with impurities, then most often this indicates urolithiasis. With this pathology, there is an increased concentration of salt. If urine has a green tint, then this is a sign of hepatitis. Dark yellow color is dehydration of the body, congestion in the kidneys or acute infectious processes. Dark brown color is caused by an increased content of bilirubin and biliverdin, that is, bile enzymes. This condition indicates diseases of the gallbladder and liver. If urine is red or similar to meat slops, then this indicates that it contains red blood cells. This is associated with inflammatory diseases of the urinary system, hemoglobinuria or hematuria.

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Dark urine in kidney disease

One of the main filters of the body is the kidneys. They filter blood plasma, turning it into primary and secondary urine, which removes excess mineral salts and nitrogenous waste from the body. In a healthy person, the internal environment of the kidneys is sterile. But quite often, pathological microflora develops in the kidneys, provoking inflammatory processes. Most often, this occurs with anomalies in the development of the organ, various tumor or autoimmune processes.

Dark urine is very common in kidney disease. If the excreted fluid is accompanied by blood or purulent impurities, this indicates nephritis or glomerulonephritis. In case of bleeding in the kidneys, urinary tract or bladder, urine becomes brown, dark or dirty brown.

There are a number of symptoms that appear simultaneously with changes in urine and indicate kidney pathologies:

• Painful sensations in the lower back and side. Unpleasant sensations have different intensity and most often appear during urination and movements. Pain can be reflected in the groin and genitals.
• Increased temperature. This condition indicates infectious processes. For example, with pyelonephritis, the temperature rises to 38-39 degrees, and with apostematous nephritis, it is even higher.
• Blood pressure surges. This is typical for glomerulonephritis, when pathologies from the glomerular vessels cause spasms of the arteries. Similar is observed in congenital anomalies of the renal vessels, torsion of the vascular pedicle in the wandering kidney.
• Nausea and vomiting occur with pyelonephritis and chronic renal failure. Discomfort is accompanied by surges in blood pressure.
• Edema, both nephritic and nephrotic. The former arises from increased blood pressure and appears on the face, under the eyes, in the eyelid area. The second type of edema is the result of an imbalance of protein fractions. It occurs due to the difference in oncotic pressure after a night's rest. It appears on the face, arms, legs, abdominal wall and other parts of the body.
• Skin changes – skin becomes pale, itches and becomes dry. These symptoms occur with pyelonephritis, renal failure, gout, diabetic nephropathy, kidney prolapse, kidney stones, renal colic and other pathologies.

Dark urine combined with the above symptoms require careful diagnostics. For this, a clinical and biochemical blood test, a general urine test and tests according to Nechiporenko and Zimnitsky are performed. An ultrasound of the kidneys, an overview radiography, calculation of the glomerular filtration rate by creatine clearance and other studies are mandatory. Based on the results of the diagnostics, the doctor prescribes appropriate treatment.

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Dark urine in pyelonephritis

Acute or chronic kidney disease with pathological processes in the body is pyelonephritis. Dark urine with pyelonephritis appears from the first days of the disorder.

• The disease is characterized by inflammation of one of the structures of the renal pelvis and calyces system of the organ and adjacent tissues, followed by dysfunction of the affected kidney.
• Most often, pyelonephritis occurs in women. The inflammatory process affects both kidneys in turn. Inflammation can be either unilateral or bilateral.
• If the disease becomes acute, severe pain in the lumbar region, fever, nausea, vomiting and urinary disorders occur. Urine may contain blood and pus.

Diagnosis of pyelonephritis is carried out by analyzing the composition of urine. The indicators of pathology are: high levels of leukocytes, the presence of bacteria, fluid density <1.018 and alkaline pH, the presence of glucose and protein, which are normally absent. Also performed is ultrasound and CT of the kidneys, excretory urography and, without fail, bacteriological examination of urine.

Based on the test results, a treatment plan is drawn up. Therapy may be medicinal: antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Cefuroxime, Tobramycin, Doxycycline, Chloramphenicol, Nitroxoline), diuretics, immunomodulators, multivitamins and agents to improve renal blood flow. The color and composition of the fluid is gradually restored throughout the course of treatment.

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Dark urine in cystitis

Inflammation of the bladder mucosa is a common disease that occurs in both men and women. Dark urine with cystitis is one of the main symptoms of the pathology. Normally, the liquid is transparent, but due to the inflammatory process in the bladder, it becomes cloudy. Such changes are associated with the entry of bacteria, epithelial cells, leukocytes, mucus and protein into the urine.

Diagnosis of cystitis is based on the symptoms of the disease (frequent urination, pain, change in urine color) and laboratory tests.

• Particular attention is paid to urine analysis. In cystitis, high protein levels, bacteria and mucus are detected, which are absent in a normal state.
• Another important indicator of the disorder is the presence of erythrocytes, leukocytes and squamous epithelium. In cystitis, their values significantly exceed the permissible ones.
• Another factor of inflammation is the pH of the fluid. Normally, it should be acidic, but if alkalization is observed, this indicates cystitis.

In addition to tests, it is necessary to conduct an ultrasound examination of the bladder. If thickening of the organ walls and the presence of suspension are detected, then this is a sign of inflammation. Differential diagnostics are also carried out, which is aimed at excluding diseases with similar clinical presentation and changes in urine color.

Based on the analysis, a treatment plan is made. The prognosis for recovery depends on the timeliness and correctness of the therapy. If the inflammation is not completely cured, but only suppressed, then the acute disease takes a chronic form.

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Dark urine in liver diseases

The liver is a vital organ located in the upper right section of the abdominal cavity, under the diaphragm. Dark urine is very common in liver diseases and indicates the inflammatory nature of the disorder. A change in urine color signals a malfunction of the organ. The liver produces bile, which is necessary for the absorption of fats. The organ neutralizes toxic substances.

• In diseases caused by tissue damage and disruption of the bile secretion process, the pigment bilirubin is formed in the secreted fluid, which colors it dark brown.
• With diffuse changes in the renal tissue, its cells and vessels, tumor formations, internal bleeding and inflammatory processes, urine becomes red-brown.
• In hepatitis of various etiologies (viral, autoimmune, toxic), an increase in hemoglobin levels and a disruption of the hematopoiesis process due to diffuse changes are observed. The secreted fluid acquires a brown tint.
• With hepatosis, urine is whitish. This is due to the degeneration of liver tissue and its replacement with fat particles. Fat deposits enter the blood.

The color of urine is normally yellow, but it can change due to many factors. First of all, this is the amount of liquid drunk, food and medications, time of day and age of the person. Thus, morning urine is darker, the liquid acquires a more intense color with age of the person.

In most liver diseases, urine has a persistent yellow-brown color, which may resemble dark beer. In some cases, a green tint of the liquid is observed. To establish the cause of the disease, a comprehensive set of diagnostic studies is carried out. First of all, blood and urine tests are taken. The latter is necessary to determine the level of hemoglobin and bilirubin concentration, the content of leukocytes and erythrocytes, the presence of glucose (sugar), the presence of impurities and toxic substances.

If sugar is detected, this indicates metabolic disorders that are accompanied by kidney pathologies. If toxins, increased hemoglobin, bilirubin or leukocytes are detected, additional studies are carried out. The patient is prescribed a blood test for all hepatitis markers, an ultrasound of the liver and other tests.

Treatment of liver diseases begins with a diet. The therapeutic diet is based on the rejection of products that create additional stress on the organ: sweets, pastries, animal fats, canned and pickled foods, sour fruits and vegetables, seasonings. In combination with the diet, medications are prescribed that stop the inflammatory process and speed up the recovery process.

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Dark urine in hepatitis

Botkin's disease or hepatitis is an acute viral disease. Dark urine with hepatitis is associated with infectious processes in the body. Against the background of changes in urine, general weakness, increased body temperature and sweating, chills, yellowness of the skin and mucous membranes appear.

The main types of hepatitis:

• A is the most common form of viral infection. It has an incubation period of 1 week to 2 months. Infection is associated with low sanitary and hygienic conditions. It is transmitted through close household contacts and consumption of contaminated products. The main symptoms are: urine the color of dark beer or strong tea, colorless feces, yellowing of the skin, deterioration of general health.
• B is serum hepatitis, which is characterized by severe liver damage. Infection occurs through blood, sexual intercourse, and from fetus to mother. The first symptom is fever, joint pain, nausea, and vomiting. If this form of the disease is acute, it can lead to serious complications, one of which is cirrhosis.
• C – infection occurs through blood and non-sterile syringes, i.e. hematogenous and sexual. It occurs in two forms – acute and chronic. In the first case, there is a loss of appetite, abdominal pain, yellow skin and sclera of the eyes, dark urine and light stool. In the second case, there are muscle pain and discomfort in the joints, fever, pain in the liver, jaundice, sudden weight loss, chronic fatigue, spider veins on the skin.
• D – delta hepatitis, which differs from other viral forms in that its virus cannot live independently in the human body. It needs a helper virus, which is hepatitis B. The disease occurs in an acute form, with pronounced symptoms.
• E - is similar in its characteristics to the A virus. It is characterized by damage to not only the liver, but also the kidneys. It has a pronounced fecal-oral mechanism of infection. It is especially dangerous for women in the last stages of pregnancy, as it can lead to death for both the mother and the fetus.
• G – resembles viral hepatitis C in its symptoms, but is less dangerous. If a combination of hepatitis C and G is diagnosed, it can lead to liver cirrhosis.

To confirm the diagnosis of hepatitis, a biochemical blood test is performed to determine liver enzymes, protein and bilirubin in the plasma. The concentration of all fractions is increased due to the destruction of liver cells. Urine analysis is necessary to identify signs of inflammation, that is, an increased level of leukocytes. Based on the diagnostic results, a treatment and prevention plan for liver damage is drawn up.

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Dark urine in cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder most often occurs against the background of cholelithiasis. Dark urine with cholecystitis is one of the obvious signs of this disease. According to medical statistics, women suffer from cholecystitis more often than men. The pathological condition can develop with chronic infections in the body, with parasitic diseases or after viral hepatitis.

The disorder has two forms: acute and chronic. The symptoms depend on the severity of its course. Patients complain of nausea, dry mouth, sharp abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in urine color. In most cases, it is the violation of the secreted fluid that is the reason to seek medical help. It looks like dark beer, foams, there may be blood impurities, and urination can be painful. If this condition is left to its own devices, the symptoms will begin to progress. There will be pain on the right side in the hypochondrium, high temperature, bitter belching, and mechanical jaundice.

Laboratory tests (urine, feces, blood), ultrasound of the pelvic organs are used for diagnostics. Based on the results of the studies, the gastroenterologist makes a treatment plan. Without timely treatment, cholecystitis can lead to peritonitis, abscesses, pancreatitis, cholangitis, sepsis.

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Dark urine in pancreatitis

Inflammation of the pancreas most often occurs due to tumor processes or blockage of the organ duct by gallstones. Dark urine with pancreatitis is observed from the first days of the disease. Due to the inflammatory process, the enzymes produced by the gland do not enter the duodenum, but remain in the organ and destroy it. The enzymes and toxins released in this case enter the bloodstream, damaging other organs and tissues. Against this background, cloudy urine with blood impurities appears.

The main symptom of pancreatitis is excruciating girdle pain in the upper abdomen, which can radiate to the back. Nausea, vomiting, and increased weakness also appear. Treatment depends on the results of diagnosis and the severity of the pathological condition. To confirm the diagnosis, warm, freshly released urine is analyzed for diastase (alpha-amylase).

Diastase is an enzyme that is formed in the pancreas and salivary glands. It breaks down complex and simple carbohydrates. Its level is a marker of the severity of the inflammatory process. If diastase is elevated, this indicates acute inflammation or exacerbation of chronic processes. Normally, the diastase level should not exceed 64 U, but with pancreatitis, these indicators can reach 16,000 U, that is, a 250-fold increase. Treatment consists of diet therapy and medication. When the tests are normalized, exercise therapy is prescribed.

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Dark urine before period

Normally, urine is light yellow. Its saturation is affected by the amount of bile pigment (urochrome). Dark urine before menstruation is in most cases associated with hormonal imbalance. The color of the secreted fluid in women can also change in such cases:

• Lack of fluid in the body. Dark urine indicates that it is very concentrated. This is observed with dehydration. Active sweating also contributes to darkening. To eliminate the unpleasant symptom, it is enough to replenish the water supply.
• Medicines. Taking B vitamins, ascorbic acid, antibiotics, anti-tuberculosis and anti-malaria drugs causes changes in the color and consistency of urine. Similar changes are observed when using laxatives, which promote fluid loss.
• Food. A change in urine color before menstruation may be due to the consumption of foods that affect the saturation of the excreted fluid. This may include beets, legumes, black tea, beef, rhubarb, or foods with artificial colors.

Changes may indicate overwork or overheating. In some cases, this is a sign of certain diseases: hepatitis, cirrhosis, stones in the bile ducts and gall bladder, cancer, metabolic disorders, hemolytic anemia, intoxication of the body. In any case, if pathological symptoms from the urinary system appear on a regular basis, then you should seek medical help and take tests for research.

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Dark urine in prostatitis

Inflammatory lesion of the prostate gland tissue is a male disease. Dark urine with prostatitis appears against the background of various disorders of the urinary system. According to the course, acute and chronic inflammation are distinguished. According to the cause of occurrence, there is bacterial and non-bacterial prostatitis, but the first is more common.

Let's consider the main causes of the disease, which cause various pathological symptoms, including changes in urine:

• Sexually transmitted infections.
• Impaired blood and lymph circulation in the pelvic organs.
• Hypothermia.
• Stress, increased physical activity.
• Immune system disorders.
• Hormonal imbalance.

Prostatitis is characterized by pain in the lower abdomen, scrotum and perineum, changes in the quantity and quality of ejaculate and urine, and urination disorders. Temperature rises sharply, headaches, discomfort in the muscles and lower back occur. Urination becomes frequent and painful, and a burning sensation appears. The secreted fluid may contain blood impurities.

The diagnosis is established on the basis of blood and urine tests, as well as tests for STDs, prostate secretion and urine culture, and, if necessary, a prostate biopsy is performed. Differentiation with urethritis and other pathologies that provoke kidney or bladder infections is mandatory. Treatment is drug-based and long-term. Particular attention is paid to preventive measures.

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Dark urine with rotavirus

Intestinal flu or rotavirus infection is a disease that is often called the disease of dirty hands. The infection is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. The carrier excretes the virus along with feces. But due to failure to observe personal hygiene rules, he carries bacteria on his hands, spreading them among others. The incubation period lasts 1-5 days. During this time, the virus actively multiplies on the mucous membrane of the small intestine, destroying its cells.

Dark urine with rotavirus is one of the symptoms of the disease. As a rule, the disorder begins acutely. Vomiting, stool disorders, fever, runny nose, red sore throat appear. General health and appetite worsen. Stool becomes light, and urine dark, in addition, flakes and blood impurities may appear in it. The acute period lasts for several days, after which dyspepsia subsides. Without timely treatment, rotavirus can lead to damage to the digestive system, liver and other internal organs. Intoxication and dehydration are especially dangerous, which negatively affect the immune system.

Treatment begins with restoring the water-salt balance using rehydration solutions. To remove toxins from the body, sorbents are used: activated carbon, Smecta, Enterosgel. Antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms in the intestines. Particular attention is paid to nutrition. The diet should include boiled low-fat cereals and other products that do not irritate the gastrointestinal tract.

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Dark urine after drinking alcohol

When ingested, ethanol-containing drinks penetrate the brain and other organs and systems, causing somatic diseases. Dark urine after drinking alcohol is very common. Even a single intake of alcohol causes proteinuria, that is, protein in the urine. Large doses can cause nephronephrosis and hematuria. As a rule, such phenomena are short-term, but long-term use of alcohol leads to severe kidney damage.

Alcohol also has a negative effect on the respiratory system. Ethanol breakdown products (ethanol and acetaldehyde) enter the lung tissue with the bloodstream, causing a toxic effect. As a result, this leads to inflammatory processes in the bronchi and trachea.

Abuse of alcoholic beverages can provoke pathological dehydration of the body. In some cases, darkening of the secreted fluid indicates alcoholic hepatitis, kidney and liver diseases, oncological processes in the body. If the color change is accompanied by painful urination, then this signals problems with the kidneys, bladder, urinary tract.

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Dark urine after exercise

Many athletes face the problem of dark urine after training. Physical activity leads to dehydration of the body, so the change in urine color is considered normal and temporary. It is enough to replenish the fluid supply and the natural color of urine will be restored.

If the disorder occurs too often, it may indicate an incorrect training regimen and incorrectly selected loads. Darkening of the secreted fluid very often appears during long-term endurance and fat-burning training. This condition is accompanied by increased sweating and other symptoms that are individual for each organism.

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Dark urine when fasting

Such a symptom as dark urine during fasting occurs in many people who have decided to resort to this method of healing the body for the first time. The disorder is associated with an incorrect approach to the fasting process. Darkening of the liquid indicates dehydration of the body, a deficiency of nutrients and the removal of toxins.

Let's look at the basic rules of fasting, which allow you to maintain a normal urine color and do not disrupt the functioning of the body's systems:

• When fasting for 24-36 hours, water consumption should be 1.5-2 liters per day. This is due to the fact that in the first days a large number of toxic substances enter the blood. Drinking water facilitates the process of fasting and reduces the symptoms of intoxication.
• When fasting for 3-4 days, the amount of liquid should be at the level of 2 liters per day. The same amount of water is recommended for longer fasts of 7-10 days. Water reduces the load on the body, which occurs due to the increased amount of toxic substances formed during the breakdown of fat.

Also, do not forget that drinking an increased amount of water during fasting overloads the body. Because of this, pain occurs in the urethra, general well-being worsens, and disorders of many organs and systems are possible.

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Dark urine with dehydration

Water deficiency in the body causes disruptions in the functioning of the entire body. Dark urine during dehydration indicates an increased concentration of nitrogenous substances and slags in the urine. This composition of the biological fluid gives it a specific smell.

There are several causes of dehydration. The most common are refusal to drink fluids, excessive sweating without replacing lost water, excessive vomiting, and diarrhea. Each of these conditions requires medical attention.

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Dark urine with ARVI

Acute respiratory viral infections have a negative impact on the entire body, including the urinary system. Dark urine during ARVI occurs due to the use of antiviral drugs, which include vitamin C.

Darkening of the fluid may be due to dehydration due to elevated temperature and fever. The diseased condition increases the load on the kidneys. To prevent urinary disorders, it is necessary to drink plenty of fluids. Purified warm water is also needed to thin mucus and speed up the recovery process.

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Dark urine during a cold

The concept of a cold includes a large group of acute respiratory infections that occur due to various viruses and bacteria. Dark urine during a cold may be associated with the impact of pathogenic microorganisms on the body.

The change in urine color is caused by symptoms typical of a cold: fever, signs of intoxication, nasal congestion and headaches, discomfort in the throat and cough. Medicines used to treat colds can also cause turbidity of biological fluid.

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Dark urine with angina

Tonsillitis is one of those diseases that negatively affect the condition of the kidneys. Dark urine with tonsillitis can be one of the symptoms of the disease or its complication.

• In the first case, changes in renal function are associated with acute or chronic intoxication of the body. After recovery, the pathological symptoms disappear.
• If the darkening of the secreted fluid is a complication, then this indicates a serious infectious lesion of the kidneys and urinary system.

Also, do not forget that dark urine with angina can occur due to antibiotics and other medications used. To diagnose this condition, it is necessary to pass a set of laboratory tests.

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Dark urine after beets

Beetroot is a vegetable with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, rich in vitamins B, C and essential microelements. Dark urine after beetroot occurs very often. This is an absolutely normal reaction, as it contains natural substances - betacyanins, which color urine. Betanin is very often used as a natural food coloring (E162).

The intensity of the color of the secreted liquid can range from light pink to dark brown. At the same time, the feces also change, they also become dark. The color depends on the acidity of the stomach and the time of digestion of the vegetable. The disorder persists for 1-2 days. Based on this, we can conclude that dark urine after beets is not a dangerous medical condition, but do not forget that in some cases an atypical shade is a sign of serious problems.

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Dark urine after sex

Such a symptom as dark urine after sex occurs very often. In most cases, the cause of the disorder is postcoital cystitis. Women suffer from this infectious pathology more often than men. The risk group includes girls who are just starting to have sex. In this case, the change in urine color persists for 1-2 days after sexual intercourse.

Predisposing factors for the appearance of discolored fluid secreted by the bladder include: frequent change of sexual partners, colds, failure to observe the rules of hygiene of the genitals, inflammatory or infectious pathologies, injury to the mucous membrane of the bladder, insufficient fluid intake.

If the disorder is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen and discomfort when urinating, burning, general weakness and increased body temperature, then you should immediately seek medical help. Such symptoms require treatment.

Dark urine after poisoning

Intoxication of the body is a pathological condition with disruption of vital functions due to toxic substances that have entered the body or formed in it. Dark urine after poisoning indicates the removal of harmful components from the body. Very often, poisoning is observed in localized inflammatory processes. For example, in pneumonia, kidney disease and urinary tract disease. Chronic intoxication is observed in chronic tonsillitis, tuberculosis and cholecystitis. Some infections can provoke symptoms of poisoning.

Let's look at the main types of poisoning and their accompanying symptoms:

• Medicinal – most often observed when using penicillins, sulfonamides and other drugs. The diseased condition is accompanied by disorders of varying severity throughout the body. Severe headaches, nausea and vomiting, skin rashes, respiratory system disorders, and increased heart rate appear.
• Food poisoning - acute poisoning is possible when eating products with pathogenic microorganisms. These can be unwashed vegetables or fruits, expired products or improperly cooked products (raw meat, fish, etc.). The disorder is manifested by severe vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, darkening of urine and urinary retention, severe spasmodic pain in the abdomen.
• Alcohol - disrupts the functioning of the central nervous system, vegetative, neurological and mental disorders are possible. In some cases, alcohol intoxication is life-threatening. Alcoholic beverages have a destructive effect on the liver, poisoning it. Due to liver intoxication, dark urine appears, sometimes with foam.

Treatment of the disease is based on eliminating the underlying cause and neutralizing toxic substances.

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Dark urine when taking metronidazole

Metronidazole is a drug with antimicrobial properties. Dark urine after taking metronidazole is a side effect of the drug. The drug has several forms of release: suspensions and tablets for oral administration, injections, vaginal suppositories, gel for external use. In this case, changes in the color of the fluid excreted by the kidneys occur when taking only tablets. The active substance interacts with harmful microorganisms, destroying them at the cellular level.

The pathological symptom occurs with prolonged use of metronidazole. Against the background of darkening of urine, other unpleasant symptoms appear: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, heaviness in the epigastric region, change in taste, stomatitis, belching, loss of appetite. In particularly severe cases, hepatitis, jaundice, pancreatitis may develop. Skin allergic reactions, respiratory depression and increased heart rate may also appear.

To restore the normal color of urine and eliminate other side effects, it is necessary to perform a number of therapeutic measures. First of all, wash the stomach for 30-40 minutes after taking the drug. Later, the active components will be absorbed into the blood and washing will be inappropriate. At the second stage, it is recommended to take sorbents: activated carbon, Smecta, Sorbex, Karbolong. And finally, it is necessary to maintain the body's water balance to normalize water-salt metabolism, reduce the drug in the blood plasma and reduce the load on the kidneys.

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Dark urine after furadonin

Furadonin is an antimicrobial agent whose mechanism of action is based on disruption of cell membrane permeability and protein synthesis in bacteria. It has bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties. It is active against gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. The drug is used to treat infectious and inflammatory pathologies of the urinary tract. It helps with pyelonephritis, cystitis, pyelitis, urethritis.

Dark urine after furadonin occurs as a side effect of the drug and in some cases with an overdose. In addition to changing the color of urine, skin allergic reactions, nausea, vomiting, headaches and dizziness, increased drowsiness, and bowel disorders are possible. Dialysis and the use of large volumes of fluid are indicated for treatment to speed up the excretion of the drug.

Dark urine after furazolidone

Furazolidone is an antibacterial agent from the nitrofuran group. It is a synthetic derivative of 5-nitrofurfural, has pronounced antimicrobial properties against gram-negative aerobic microorganisms. Its mechanism of action is based on increasing the complement titer and phagocytic activity of leukocytes. This reduces the production of toxins of pathogenic microorganisms, improves the overall clinical picture.

The medicine is used for infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system and skin. It is used for food poisoning, urethritis, cystitis, pyelitis, infected wounds and burns. Dark urine after furazolidone is observed in case of overdose and as a side effect of the drug. To reduce the severity of this reaction, it is recommended to use antihistamines, B vitamins and plenty of fluids. If the side effect persists, you should stop taking the drug and consult a doctor.

Darkening of the fluid excreted by the kidneys is also possible with an overdose of furazolidone. In this case, the disorder is associated with toxic liver damage. As a result, polyneuritis and hematotoxic effects may develop. There is no specific antidote, so gastric lavage, intake of enterosorbents, and restoration of water-electrolyte balance are indicated.

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Dark urine from antibiotics

One of the most obvious signs of problems in the body, especially the kidneys, is the color of urine. Dark urine from antibiotics occurs when taking many groups of drugs and when treating various diseases. Let's look at the most common changes in the color of the fluid caused by taking antibacterial drugs:

• Dark pink and dark red – Aspirin, cephalosporin antibiotics.
• Brown - sulfonamides.
• Amber, dark orange – Riboflavin, Furagin, 5-NOC.

Urine the color of beer or strong tea indicates diseases of the liver and gallbladder, a reddish tint is inflammatory kidney damage, hematuria or hemoglobinuria. Dark yellow with a green tint is possible with jaundice or with the release of pus. Urine of a dark and almost black color is hemolytic anemia.

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Dark urine after furamag

Furamag is an antimicrobial agent from the pharmacotherapeutic group of nitrofurans. Contains several active components: furazidin and magnesium carbonate. The mechanism of action of the drug is based on the inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis. Inhibits biochemical processes, causing the destruction and death of harmful microorganisms. It has a broad spectrum of antibacterial action, is active against gram-positive and gram-negative strains.

The main indication for use is the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases, cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, genital infections, infections during urological operations. Does not change the pH of urine, but creates high concentrations in the kidneys. Dark urine after Furamag is possible when the active components of the drug are removed from the body. Changes in the color of the excreted fluid are observed in case of overdose. Against this background, headache, nausea, loss of appetite and allergic reactions appear. Enterosorbents and antihistamines are indicated for treatment.

Dark urine from macmiror

Macmiror is a combination drug that contains two active ingredients: nifuratel and nystatin. It has pronounced antimicrobial, antiprotozoal and fungicidal properties. It is used for vaginal infections caused by pathogens sensitive to the drug. It is used to treat bacterial infections of the urogenital localization, urogenital trichomoniasis, vaginal candidiasis.

Dark urine from Macmiror is possible at the first stages of using the drug and in case of overdose. In some cases, interaction with other antibacterial drugs provokes disorders of the urinary system, including darkening of the color of the excreted fluid.

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Metronidazole turns urine dark.

Metronidazole is an antiprotozoal drug with antibacterial activity. It is used for etiotropic therapy of infectious diseases of various localizations and etiologies. Contains the active substance - a chemical derivative of 5-nitromidazole. It has the greatest activity against anaerobic bacteria, protozoan unicellular microorganisms.

It is prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory pathologies of the urogenital tract, inflammation of the colon, bone tissue infections, abscessing pathological processes of the central nervous system structures. It can be used in the complex therapy of tumor pathologies requiring radiation.

Many patients taking the drug note that Metronidazole colors their urine dark. This symptom is a side effect of the genitourinary system. In addition, an increase in the volume of excreted fluid, incontinence, cystitis, and candidiasis are possible. Side symptoms are supplemented by nausea, vomiting, bowel disorders, headaches and dizziness, and skin allergic reactions. Similar symptoms are possible when using the drug with alcohol. There is no specific antidote, so symptomatic therapy is carried out.

Dark urine from enterofuril

A broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug is Enterofuril. The drug does not have a systemic effect and is used to treat diarrhea of infectious origin. Contains the active ingredient nifuroxazide from the group of 5-nitrofuran derivatives. It has bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties. It is used to treat patients with acute and chronic diarrhea, iatrogenic diarrhea, and stool disorders of unknown etiology.

Dark urine from Enterofuril is observed when using high doses of the drug. To eliminate this symptom, it is necessary to reduce the dosage and consult a doctor. If disorders of the genitourinary system are accompanied by additional symptoms, it is recommended to stop taking the drug and conduct symptomatic therapy.

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Dark urine after mushrooms

Many products cause urine color changes. Dark urine after mushrooms can occur for several reasons, let's consider them:

• Mushrooms are a plant product with a high content of proteins, essential amino acids and other beneficial microorganisms. It is the protein that causes temporary urine coloration.
• Despite the rich composition of useful substances, mushrooms contain components that can provoke poisoning. Very often, intoxication with this product leads to death. It is the poisoning of the body that causes changes in the color of urine.

If you notice changes in the color of the fluid released during urination and the disorder persists for several days, accompanied by pathological symptoms, then you should immediately seek medical help.

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Dark red urine from sorbifer

Sorbifer is very often used to treat anemias associated with iron deficiency and to prevent iron deficiency in the body. The antianemic effect of the drug is due to its composition. The drug contains iron sulfate and vitamin C.

If dark red urine appears from sorbifer, this indicates the development of adverse reactions. Against this background, attacks of nausea and vomiting, stool disorders, and pain in the epigastrium may occur. To eliminate the painful condition, it is recommended to stop taking the drug and seek medical help.

Dark urine from trichopol

Trichopol is an antibacterial agent with the active substance metronidazole. The drug is active against protozoa, anaerobes and aerobes. It is used to treat giardiasis, vaginitis, trichomoniasis, amebiasis, surgical infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug. It is effective as part of complex therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori.

Dark urine from Trichopolum is a side symptom of the drug. As a rule, it manifests itself simultaneously with dyspeptic phenomena of varying severity, dizziness and headaches, various allergic reactions. Hemodialysis or discontinuation of the drug is indicated for the treatment of painful symptoms.

Dark urine when taking macmiror

Antimicrobial agent with a combined composition is Macmiror. The medicine has antiprotozoal and fungicidal action. Contains two active components: nifuratel and nystatin. It is used to treat infectious diseases caused by pathogens sensitive to the action of the drug.

One of the most common side effects of the drug is dark urine when taking Macmiror. This phenomenon is temporary and most often occurs when using vaginal suppositories. Other forms of the drug can also cause disorders of the genitourinary system, but, as a rule, much less often than suppositories. To eliminate the unpleasant symptom, it is enough to reduce the dosage or replace the drug with an analogue.

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Dark urine from De-nol

De-Nol is an antiulcer drug with the active ingredient bismuth subcitrate. It has astringent, antimicrobial and gastrocytoprotective properties. It is used to treat and prevent various diseases of the duodenum and stomach, which are accompanied by lesions of the mucous membrane.

Dark urine from denol occurs as a side effect of the drug. Most often, this occurs with prolonged use of high doses. In this case, bismuth accumulates in the tissues of the central nervous system, which, in addition to disorders of the urinary system, can cause the development of encephalopathy. As a rule, after discontinuing the drug, all side effects disappear on their own.

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Pathogenesis

Urine is a liquid excreted by the body. In a healthy person, it has a light yellow or straw color. It contains products of internal metabolic processes. The pathogenesis of changes in its color is associated with the following substances: urobilin, urochrome, uroroserine, uroerythrin, bilirubin.

The color of urine depends on the following criteria:

• The quality of metabolism and the amount of fluid excreted from the body.
• Age. Children's urine is lighter than adults'. In newborns, it is almost transparent.
• Products and medications. Very often changes are observed when using certain products or medications prescribed for the treatment of certain diseases.

During the diagnostic process, the above factors and the characteristics of the patient’s body are taken into account.

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Epidemiology

According to medical statistics, dark urine most often appears due to the following reasons:

• Consumption of foods with natural or artificial colors.
• Dehydration.
• Taking medications or vitamin complexes.
• Traumatization.
• Intoxication of the body.
• Inflammatory or infectious processes of the genitourinary system.
• Stones in the bladder or kidneys.
• Liver diseases.
• Cancerous neoplasms.

To determine the cause of the changes, you should consult a doctor. After a series of laboratory tests and other diagnostic measures, the doctor will select the necessary treatment.