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Trichopholliculoma: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 20.11.2021
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Trichophiliculoma is rare, it is not clinically recognized, and is usually a histological finding. The age of patients varies from 11 to 77 years (an average of 47 years), several women predominate. Trichophiliculoma is most often localized on the skin of the nose or perinasal in the form of a solitary papule or small nodule 0.4-0.6 cm in diameter, a hemispherical shape with a smooth surface and clearly discernible at times, in the center of which sometimes a bundle of thin, colorless hairs.
Pathomorphology of trichophalliculoma. Trichophiliculoma can be of different sizes and is located in the dermis and in some cases in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. The tip of the formation in the form of one or more cystically dilated, sometimes twisted. Open to the outside of the funnels of the hair follicle. Funnels are usually filled with mouth masses. Radially from the epithelial lining of the funnel stretch cells, forming follicular structures of the second order. They can contain cystically dilated cavities filled with horny masses. In addition to folicle cannulas, which are associated with the epithelium of the main funnel, single or grouped immature cannon follicles may be located separately. From the latter, complexes resembling follicular embryonic rudiments may bud. A well-defined connective tissue capsule is located around each follicular complex that extends from the central funnel. In the tangential section, follicular structures can be completely enclosed in such a shell. Among such growths there are separate horny cysts, as well as complexes of small cells with intensely colored nuclei. In cells of some follicles, despite the absence of vacuolization, a large amount of glycogen is noted. A.K. Apatenko (1973) considers trichophalliculum as an intermediate state between the malformation of hair follicles and trichoepithelioma, and considers it to be a highly differentiated version of the latter.
Differential diagnosis is based on the presence of immature follicular structures that distinguish this tumor from the hair nevus. With trichoepithelioma, the organoid structure of the hair matrix takes place.
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