Tendovaginitis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Tendonitis is a very severe disease of the tendon sheaths (the sheath surrounding the tendon), which is accompanied by severe pain and a pronounced inflammatory process.

Ineffective treatment, neglected inflammation can provoke tendon necrosis, spread of purulent inflammation throughout the body. Tendonitis can be caused by various injuries (bruises, injections, cuts) that have led to trauma to the walls of the tendon sheaths located close to the surface. However, the disease often develops as a result of excessive loads on the tendon, and not as a result of infection. Such loads are often related to a person's professional activities (milkmaids, pianists, machinists, etc.).

The disease can affect the hand, Achilles tendon, forearm, wrist, foot and ankle.

Causes of Tenosynovitis

Tendonitis can be a separate disease that occurs independently, or it can develop as a result of some complications after a general inflammatory process in the body.

In infectious diseases such as tuberculosis or syphilis, with various minor injuries, the infection can penetrate into the tendon sheath, which leads to the development of various forms of tendovaginitis (purulent, non-specific, tuberculous, brucellosis). In addition, infectious tendovaginitis can develop as a result of another inflammatory process in the body, for example, with rheumatism or rheumatoid arthritis.

Non-specific tendovaginitis is widespread and usually occurs after long-term and heavy loads on the tendon. Quite often, non-specific tendovaginitis occurs as a result of professional activity or hobby that is associated with frequently repeated movements. Tendonitis in this form is classified as an occupational disease. Post-traumatic tendovaginitis is also encountered, which most often affects professional athletes, but sometimes develops as a result of a domestic injury.

Degenerative tendovaginitis is directly dependent on blood circulation in adjacent tissues. When blood flow is impaired, for example, with varicose veins, a degenerative form of tendovaginitis develops, i.e. a change in the synovial membrane of the vagina is observed.

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Symptoms of Tenosynovitis

In the acute form of tendovaginitis, severe swelling of the synovial membrane occurs as a result of blood flow to the affected area. Swelling occurs at the site of tendon damage, which causes severe pain when pressed or moved. In the acute course of the disease, finger movements are limited, a characteristic creaking sound occurs when pressed (crepitus), and pain. Limited movement in the acute form of tendovaginitis can be expressed in severe contraction of the fingers in an unnatural position.

As a rule, in the acute process, only the tendons on the opposite side of the palm or foot are affected; acute tendovaginitis of the fingers is much less common. Usually, this type of inflammatory process develops into a chronic form. In the acute form of tendovaginitis, the forearm or shin may also swell. If the purulent form of the disease begins to develop, the patient's condition worsens with fever (chills, temperature, inflammation of the lymph nodes, vessels). Serous or purulent filling forms in the synovial cavity, which compresses the place connecting the blood vessel with the tendon. As a result, tissue nutrition is disrupted and this may subsequently cause necrosis.

Chronic tendovaginitis is often caused by professional duties and occurs as a result of frequent and heavy loads on tendons and certain muscle groups. The disease can also be a consequence of ineffective or incorrect treatment of acute tendovaginitis. Elbow joints and wrists are primarily affected. Chronic tendovaginitis is manifested by weak joint mobility, pain during sudden movements, a characteristic creaking sound or clicking when trying to squeeze the hand. Usually, chronic tendovaginitis occurs in the sheath of the tendons responsible for flexion and extension of the fingers.

Crepitating tenosynovitis

Crepitating tendovaginitis is one of the most common occupational diseases. As a rule, the disease develops against the background of regular trauma to tendons, muscles, and adjacent tissue due to frequently repeated monotonous movements of the fingers or feet.

The disease in most cases affects the extensor surface of the forearm (usually the right one), less often it occurs on the Achilles tendon, the anterior surface of the lower leg.

The disease is accompanied by swelling over the affected area, pain and a creaking sound similar to crunching snow. As a rule, the duration of the disease does not exceed 12-15 days, crepitating tendovaginitis can reappear and often develops into a chronic stage.

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Stenosing tenosynovitis

Stenosing tendovaginitis is an inflammation of the tendon-ligament apparatus of the hand. The most common cause of the disease is an occupational injury. The disease progresses quite slowly, initially painful sensations appear in the area of the metacarpophalangeal joints. It is difficult to bend the finger, often such a movement is accompanied by a creaking sound (crepitus). You can also feel a dense formation along the tendons.

Purulent tendovaginitis

Purulent tendovaginitis usually develops as a primary disease, due to bacteria entering through microtrauma and damage. Secondary tendovaginitis with the formation of purulent masses is observed less often - as a rule, the tendon is affected as a result of the transition of purulent inflammation from adjacent tissues, for example, with phlegmon.

Usually, the causative agents of the purulent process in the tendon are coli bacteria, streptococci, staphylococci, and very rarely other types of bacteria. When bacteria enter the wall of the tendon sheath, swelling appears, suppuration appears, which prevents tissue nutrition, as a result of which the tendon dies.

In secondary disease, purulent inflammation usually begins in adjacent tissues, and only then spreads to the wall of the tendon sheath. As a rule, with purulent inflammation, the patient is bothered by fever with high temperature and general weakness. In advanced forms of purulent tendovaginitis, the risk of sepsis (blood poisoning) increases.

Aseptic tenosynovitis

Aseptic tendovaginitis is non-infectious in nature, the disease occurs quite often, mainly in people who, due to the nature of their professional activities, must perform monotonous movements for a long time, usually during such work only one group of muscles is involved and as a result, due to overexertion, various microtraumas of tendons and adjacent tissues, an inflammatory process begins.

Tendonitis of the hand is common among musicians, volleyball players, etc. Skiers, skaters, and other professional athletes are more susceptible to foot damage. Aseptic tendonitis that develops into a chronic stage may force a person to change their profession.

The development of aseptic tendovaginitis in an acute form can be caused by an injury, often seen in young athletes. Usually, a person does not notice how he got injured, since during training he may not even pay attention to a slight crunch in the wrist or foot. At the initial stage of the disease, the pain may not be strong, but over time it intensifies.

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Acute tenosynovitis

Acute tendovaginitis usually occurs as a result of infection. In the acute course of the disease, there is severe pain in the affected tendon, swelling over the affected area, high temperature (often the lymph nodes become inflamed). The acute process usually develops on the back of the foot or palm. Quite often, the swelling spreads to the shin or forearm.

In acute tendovaginitis, movements are constrained, sometimes complete immobility is observed. The patient's condition worsens over time: the temperature rises, chills appear, and the pain increases.

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Chronic tendovaginitis

Chronic tendovaginitis usually does not greatly affect the general condition of the patient. As a rule, with chronic tendovaginitis, the tendon sheaths of the extensors and flexors of the fingers are affected, swelling appears, oscillatory movements are felt when palpated, and the mobility of the tendons is limited.

The disease begins with pain in the affected area (usually in the area of the styloid process). A painful swelling appears along the tendons, finger movements are hampered by pain, stiffness, and the pain can radiate to the shoulder or forearm.

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Tenosynovitis of the hands

Tendonitis of the hands is a fairly common disease, since it is the hands that bear the maximum load, they are most susceptible to injuries, hypothermia, which provokes the disease. Usually, tendonitis of the hands affects people whose work is associated with frequently repeated movements that load only a certain group of muscles, as a result of which the tendons are injured and the inflammatory process begins.

Musicians often suffer from tendovaginitis of the hands; it is known that some famous musicians were forced to give up their favorite activity and become composers due to pain.

Tenosynovitis of the wrist

As already mentioned, hands are the most vulnerable organ. Frequent hypothermia, minor injuries, excessive loads lead to inflammation of the tendon sheaths. Tendonitis of the hands is the most common pathological process that affects musicians, stenographers, typists, etc. In most cases, the disease is non-infectious, but is associated with professional activity. A little less often, tendonitis of the hand develops as a result of infection.

Tenosynovitis of the forearm

The forearm (most often the back side) is usually affected by crepitating tendovaginitis. As a rule, the disease progresses rapidly. In most cases, the disease begins with aches, increased fatigue of the arm, in some cases burning, numbness, tingling appear. Many patients, even after the appearance of such symptoms, continue their normal work and after some time (usually after a few days, closer to the evening) severe pain appears in the forearm and hand, while movements of the hand or wrist increase the unpleasant sensations in the hand. Tendonitis in this case is associated with increased load and fatigue of the arm muscles due to monotonous long movements.

In addition, the disease can develop as a result of bruises or injuries to the forearm.

If you do not spare the bruised arm, it can quickly lead to swelling, severe pain, and a creaking sound may also appear. Usually, a person notices the swelling on the forearm on their own, but does not pay attention to the creaking sound.

But it is not even swelling, the appearance of a crunch or severe pain that force a person to seek help from a specialist. Usually, when contacting a doctor, the patient complains of the inability to work fully due to the weakness of the arm, increasing pain when moving. With cripitating tendovaginitis, the swelling has an oval shape (resembles a sausage) and is concentrated on the back of the forearm, along the tendons.

Tenosynovitis of the finger

Tendonitis of the finger is quite difficult to recognize at the initial stage of development. A specialist makes a diagnosis based on examination, palpation, and anamnesis. There are several characteristic signs by which the development of tendonitis can be determined:

• swelling of the finger, swelling on the back of the hand;
• pain when pressing with a probe along the tendons;
• severe pain when trying to move a finger.

All these signs can appear either separately or all together at the same time (with purulent tendovaginitis).

A purulent infection can spread quickly, causing excruciating pain that prevents a person from sleeping or working normally, with the patient holding the finger in a semi-bent position. The swelling spreads to the back of the hand, and sharp pain is felt when trying to straighten the finger. Against the background of inflammation, the temperature may rise, the lymph nodes may become inflamed, and the person assumes a position in which he unconsciously tries to protect the sore hand.

X-rays can help diagnose the disease, as they reveal a thickening in the tendon with clear (less often wavy) contours.

Tenosynovitis of the wrist

Tenosynovitis of the thumb develops on the dorsal ligament. The disease affects the tendon that is responsible for straightening the thumb. A typical symptom is pain above the wrist at the base of the thumb. Over time, the pain increases with movement and subsides a little when the hand is relaxed and at rest.

Tenosynovitis of the wrist joint

Tenosynovitis of the wrist joint manifests itself, as in other cases, by pain during movement of the wrist and thumb. In this disease, the tendon responsible for the thumb is affected, and the affected tendon often thickens. Often, pain from the wrist is given to the forearm and even the shoulder.

The most common cause of tendovaginitis in the wrist canal is tiring, repetitive hand movements, often accompanied by injuries and damage. Infection can also trigger tendon inflammation.

Women are more susceptible to tendovaginitis of the wrist joint, and there is a link between the disease and excess weight.

It is noted that women of short stature are more prone to develop tendovaginitis. Heredity also plays a significant role in the development of the disease.

A characteristic feature of tendovaginitis of the wrist joint is that the disease is expressed not only by severe pain, but also by numbness or tingling, which is associated with compression of the median nerve. Many patients are bothered by "disobedient" hands, numbness. The tingling sensation appears on the surface of the hand, usually in the area of the index, middle and thumb fingers, in rare cases tingling occurs in the ring finger. Often tingling is accompanied by a burning pain that can radiate to the forearm. With tendovaginitis of the wrist joint, the pain becomes stronger at night, while a person may feel temporary relief after rubbing or shaking the hand.

Tenosynovitis of the shoulder joint

Tendonitis of the shoulder joint manifests itself as a dull pain in the shoulder area. When palpated, there is pain. Most often, the shoulder joint is affected by carpenters, blacksmiths, ironers, grinders, etc. The disease usually lasts 2-3 weeks, occurs in the subacute phase. With tendonitis, the pain is of a burning nature, with muscle tension (during work) the pain can increase many times, swelling and a creaking sound often appear.

Tenosynovitis of the elbow joint

Tendonitis of the elbow joint is quite rare. The disease mainly develops as a result of trauma or injury. As in other cases of tendonitis, the disease occurs with pronounced pain in the area of the affected joints, swelling, and creaking. Usually, at rest, the joint does not cause the patient any particular discomfort, but when moving, the pain can be quite sharp and strong, which leads to forced immobilization.

Flexor Tendonitis of the Fingers

Tendonitis of the flexors of the fingers is expressed in the defeat of the tendon-ligament apparatus of the hand. In this case, there is a pinching of the tendons that are responsible for flexion and extension of the fingers. The disease occurs most often in women. Usually, the development of the disease is related to professional activities associated with manual labor. In childhood, the disease can be noticed at the age of 1 to 3 years. Most often, it is the thumb that is affected, although pinching of the tendons occurs on other fingers.

Tenosynovitis of the foot

Tendonitis of the foot manifests itself in the form of pain along the tendons, with the pain increasing when the foot moves. Redness and swelling appear simultaneously with the pain. Infectious tendonitis causes fever and a deterioration in general health.

Achilles tendon tendovaginitis

Achilles tendonitis develops mainly after increased strain on the Achilles tendon or calf muscles. The disease especially often affects cyclists, both professional and amateur, long-distance runners, etc. The sign of the disease is thickening of the Achilles tendon, pain when moving the foot, swelling, and when palpating the tendon, you can feel a characteristic creaking sound.

Tenosynovitis of the ankle joint

Tendonitis of the ankle joint develops mainly in those who experience frequent and heavy loads on their legs. Tendonitis often develops in military personnel after long marches. Athletes (skaters, skiers), ballet dancers, etc. also often suffer from ankle tendonitis. In addition to professional tendonitis, the disease can develop after prolonged heavy work.

In addition to external factors, tendovaginitis can develop due to a congenital abnormality of the foot (clubfoot, flatfoot).

Tenosynovitis of the knee joint

As in other cases, tendovaginitis of the knee joint develops as a result of prolonged physical stress on the joint, anatomically incorrect structure of the body, poor posture, and also as a result of infection.

The disease usually affects people whose lifestyle is associated with increased physical activity or who, due to the nature of their professional activities, are forced to stay in one position for a long time (often in an uncomfortable position). Knee tendovaginitis is widespread among basketball players, volleyball players, etc., since frequent jumping leads to injury of the knee joint.

Classic symptoms of tendovaginitis development are the appearance of pain in the affected area, which over time (with the development of the inflammatory process) becomes stronger. The pain may increase with physical exertion, depending on the weather. In addition to pain, there is a limitation in the movement of the limb, pain appears when palpating, sometimes creaking, and you can also feel the resulting tendon nodule. The affected area turns red and swells.

Tenosynovitis of the lower leg

Symptoms of tendovaginitis do not appear immediately, but several days after the inflammation process has begun. Tendonitis of the shin develops, as in other cases, with increased load on the shin or infection, as well as in the case of abnormal development of the foot. On an X-ray, you can see a seal at the site of the affected tendon.

Tenosynovitis of the hip

Quite often, tendovaginitis of the hip is caused by various injuries, overloads of tendons and muscles. Women are more susceptible to the disease than men. The disease occurs as a result of overloading the legs, after long and unusual walking, running, after carrying heavy objects. In some cases, the disease develops as a result of injury.

De Quervain's tenosynovitis

De Quervain's tendovaginitis is a severe inflammation of the wrist ligaments, characterized by inflammation, pain, and limited movement. Many years ago, the condition was called "washerwomen's disease" because it mainly affected women who had to wash large amounts of laundry by hand every day, but after 1895 it was named after the surgeon Fritz de Quervain, who first described the symptoms.

De Quervain's tendovaginitis is characterized by pain in the tendons on the back of the wrist, when the inflammation thickens the walls of the tendon sheath, which can cause a narrowing of the canal. Inflammation can lead to tendons sticking together. The disease develops in women eight times more often than in men, usually affecting women over 30 years of age.

Inflammation can be caused by some injuries to the first canal of the dorsal ligament, for example, after various injuries to the radius. The disease can be caused by frequent inflammations, injuries, muscle strain (especially caused by intense work involving one muscle group). However, for the most part, it is not possible to establish the exact causes of the disease.

Tendonitis is characterized by pain along the radial nerve, which may increase with tension or movement (most often when trying to grasp something with force). A painful swelling appears above the first channel of the dorsal ligament of the wrist.

Diagnosis of tendovaginitis

Based on the examination (palpation, compaction, pain, stiffness of movement) and the characteristic localization of inflammation, the specialist will be able to diagnose tendovaginitis. Radiography will allow to distinguish tendovaginitis from arthritis and osteomyelitis, in which the image shows changes in bones and joints.

Ligamentography (X-ray with contrast agent of ligaments and tendons) is prescribed to exclude stenosing ligamentitis. In addition, the specialist must exclude general diseases that can provoke tendovaginitis (brucellosis, tuberculosis).

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Treatment of tendovaginitis

The main principle of successful treatment of tendovaginitis is timely qualified assistance and effective treatment. First of all, it is necessary to create rest for the affected limb, in some cases the doctor may consider it necessary to apply a plaster cast or a tight bandage.

Experts suggest several stages of treatment for tendovaginitis. First of all, the patient is released from work, he is injected with novocaine (to relieve severe pain) and, if necessary, a plaster cast is applied.

After 2-3 days, if the patient continues to suffer from pain, the blockade with novocaine can be repeated. After a few more days, warm compresses, warming up, UHF therapy are prescribed. As a rule, 4-6 paraffin applications are necessary for effective treatment. Over time, the passive load on the affected limb is increased, after which the plaster cast is removed and movement is increased. If after the course of treatment all the unpleasant symptoms disappear, the patient is discharged, and a recommendation is given to perform light work for some time.

What doctor treats tendovaginitis?

If you suspect tendovaginitis (you are bothered by pain, swelling, redness over the sore spot), you should consult a rheumatologist, who, after the first examination, will prescribe the necessary tests and additional examination.

Treatment with folk remedies

Tendonitis can be treated in combination with folk medicine methods, which will increase the effectiveness of treatment. Folk remedies should always be used as an adjunctive therapy. Before starting treatment, it is better to consult a specialist to exclude other diseases with similar symptoms.

Treatment with folk medicine is mainly local, using lotions, ointments, compresses. Calendula flower ointment helps to cure tendon inflammation well. You can make it yourself. To do this, you will need calendula flowers, which can be purchased at a pharmacy. A tablespoon of dried flowers should be thoroughly ground to make a powder (you can use a coffee grinder), which is mixed with a tablespoon of the base. You can use Vaseline or any baby cream as a base. Let the mixture sit for several hours, after which you can use it as an ointment or compress. It is best to apply the ointment before bedtime.

Tincture of chamomile, St. John's wort or calendula has good anti-inflammatory properties. To prepare, you will need 1 tablespoon of dried chamomile or St. John's wort flowers, if you use calendula, you will need 1 teaspoon. Pour a glass of boiling water over the herb and leave for half an hour. Then strain the tincture and take half a glass orally for two weeks.

Treatment at home

Treating tendovaginitis at home will help increase the effectiveness of traditional treatment, help relieve inflammation and speed up the healing process.

A fairly effective remedy for treating tendovaginitis is Rosenthal's paste, which can be purchased at a pharmacy. The paste contains 10 g of wine alcohol, 80 g of chloroform, 15 g of paraffin, and 0.3 g of iodine. Before use, the ointment must be slightly warmed up (to a pleasant warmth for the body), then the product is applied to the affected area, after it hardens, cotton wool is applied on top and everything is fixed with a bandage. It is better to apply the paste before going to bed. Before using any folk remedy, it is better to consult a specialist to avoid possible complications.

Treatment with ointments

Tendonitis in any form is treated with medications that are used depending on the causes of the disease and the complexity of the inflammatory process. Most often, anti-inflammatory drugs, compresses, ointments are used, and in some cases, antibiotics are required. With almost any type of tendonitis, the affected limb must be provided with complete rest.

As a rule, anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving ointments are prescribed for tendovaginitis. Also, effective help to traditional methods of treatment can be provided by an ointment prepared independently. To do this, you will need to thoroughly mix 100 g of pork fat and 30 g of wormwood herb, then put it to boil for a few minutes over low heat. After the ointment has completely cooled, it can be used. The ointment is applied in a thin layer to the affected area, you can cover it with a napkin on top and fix it with a bandage.

Treatment of crepitant tenosynovitis

If crepitating tendovaginitis is suspected, it is necessary to completely stop any load on the injured limb to avoid involuntary movements, a tight bandage (plaster) is applied for 6-7 days. After this, warm compresses and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.

You should return to work after the swelling and crunching in the affected tendon have completely subsided.

Treatment of crepitant tendovaginitis of the hand

Tendonitis of the hand is treated successfully in the vast majority of cases by modern medicine. The main principle of effective treatment is timely recognition of the diagnosis and appropriate therapy. In case of crepitating tendonitis of the hand, physiotherapeutic procedures are indicated, which are highly effective in the early stages of the disease, in addition to this, the patient is prescribed maximum rest and fixation of the affected limb.

Before prescribing treatment, it is necessary to determine the cause of the disease (trauma, regular physical activity, infection). If bacteria enter the tendon, the doctor prescribes a course of antibacterial therapy. If the inflammation process has gone far enough and suppuration has begun, surgical intervention is necessary. The danger of purulent tendovaginitis is that pus can break through into adjacent tissues (bones, joints, circulatory system), which threatens sepsis (blood poisoning).

Treatment of wrist tendovaginitis

Effective treatment of tendovaginitis depends on the cause of the disease. If the inflammatory process in the tendon began as a result of a general disease (rheumatism, tuberculosis, etc.), treatment is primarily aimed at the underlying disease.

In case of severe pain in the wrist, a plaster splint is applied, which fixes the hand in one position, providing maximum rest to the diseased tendons. After this, medication and physical therapy are prescribed, as a rule, there is no need for hospitalization of the patient. If the inflammation process in the tendons has gone too far, pus has appeared, the tendons have grown together, then the patient is sent for surgical treatment.

Treatment of tendovaginitis of the tendon

Acute tendovaginitis of the tendons is treated with local and general procedures. If the disease is non-specific, the treatment is aimed at combating the infection in the body (antibacterial agents, immunostimulants).

For tendovaginitis that occurs against the background of tuberculosis, specific anti-tuberculosis therapy is used.

For non-infectious tendovaginitis, anti-inflammatory drugs (butadion) are used.

Local treatment for any form of tendovaginitis consists of applying a plaster splint and warming compresses. After the inflammation of the tendons begins to subside, a number of physiotherapeutic procedures (UHF, ultraviolet, ultrasound, etc.) are prescribed, as well as therapeutic exercises.

If the inflammation process has become purulent, the affected tendon sheath must be opened and cleared of pus accumulations as soon as possible.

Chronic tendovaginitis, in addition to all the above treatment methods, includes paraffin or mud compresses, massage, and electrophoresis. If chronic tendovaginitis is accompanied by an increase in the infectious process, a puncture is taken from the synovial sheath for detailed examination in the laboratory. A targeted antibiotic is also injected into the tendon sheath, and the patient is prescribed anti-inflammatory therapy. To reduce pain, a novocaine block is injected into the tendon. If the chronic process continues to progress, a session of X-ray therapy is prescribed.

Treatment of wrist tendovaginitis

In such a disease as tendovaginitis of the wrist joint, the patient's hand needs first of all complete rest, it is best to apply a tight bandage or plaster cast to immobilize the diseased tendons as much as possible. Blockades with novocaine, kenalog, etc. have a good effect, rather quickly relieving severe pain. Anti-inflammatory drugs (voltaren, nimesil, etc.), physiotherapy procedures are also used.

Treatment of tendovaginitis of the forearm

As with other types of tendovaginitis, it is necessary to create all conditions for maximum rest of the patient's hand. A blockade in the tendon with painkillers may also be prescribed; if the pain does not go away, it is recommended to repeat the procedure in a few days. After 3-5 days from the start of treatment, warming compresses can be used; if necessary, the doctor can supplement them with special physiotherapy procedures (paraffin applications, UHF). A week later, when the fixing bandage or plaster is removed, the doctor may allow short-term soft movements of the fingers; over time, the load on the hand must be increased. With proper treatment, recovery occurs in 10-15 days, but for about two more weeks the patient is recommended to protect the hand from heavy loads and do light work.

Treatment of tendovaginitis of the foot

In the early stages of the disease, antibacterial therapy in combination with physiotherapy is quite sufficient. Purulent tendovaginitis is treated by surgically opening the abscess and cleaning it (such treatment is necessary to prevent fistulas and pus breaking through into adjacent tissues).

The foot should be tightly fixed immediately after diagnosis (with plaster, elastic bandage, tight bandage, etc.). Anti-inflammatory therapy (reopyrin) is prescribed to reduce inflammation in the tendons. Compresses with dimexide and electropheresis with novocaine also have a good therapeutic effect. A blockade with hydrocortisone helps relieve pain well; after the pain subsides, you can do a compress with ozokerite. After 7-10 days from the start of treatment, the doctor may prescribe therapeutic exercises, during which the load on the foot will increase over time.

Treatment of tendovaginitis of the ankle joint

Tendonitis of the ankle joint, like other types of the disease, is expressed by severe pain at the site of tendon damage. Treatment of the inflammatory process in the tendon consists of providing rest, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial therapy, over time, special gymnastics is added to the treatment, aimed at restoring the functionality of tendons, muscles and joints.

Treatment of tendovaginitis does not always occur in a hospital setting. In the early stages of the disease, treatment can be carried out at home. You should not self-medicate, since tendovaginitis can acquire a purulent form, which can provoke a general infection of the body. Traditional methods of treatment are good to use as auxiliary means of traditional medicine to speed up the recovery process.

Treatment of Achilles tendon tendovaginitis

When the Achilles tendon is inflamed, the foot must be given maximum rest. In some cases, a soft pad placed under the heel can help reduce pain. In case of severe pain, a specialist can prescribe nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and physiotherapy. If the pain does not subside, a plaster splint is applied to the foot for 10-15 days. Surgical treatment of tendons is extremely rare.

Experts recommend that athletes who regularly put physical stress on their feet (runners, skaters, etc.) do special tendon stretching exercises and, after training, apply an ice pack to the Achilles tendon for a while.

Prevention of tendovaginitis

Infectious tendovaginitis can be prevented by maintaining personal hygiene and disinfecting various skin lesions in a timely manner. In case of severe or open wounds, it is best to apply an antiseptic bandage to avoid bacteria.

To prevent occupational tendovaginitis, it is necessary to take regular breaks from work; at the end of the working day, it is good to massage your legs, forearms, and hands. Warm baths for your hands (feet) are also good for relaxation.

Tenosynovitis prognosis

In most cases, if tendovaginitis was detected at an early stage and timely and effective treatment was prescribed, the prognosis is favorable. About two weeks after the onset of the disease, recovery occurs, and after another two weeks, the person becomes fully able to work. However, if a person's activity is associated with regular stress, injuries, then the likelihood that the disease will return and will proceed in a chronic form is quite high.

If tendovaginitis was purulent and the tendon was opened surgically, there is a high risk that the functions of the foot or hand will be impaired.

Tendonitis is a fairly severe inflammatory disease that affects the tendon sheath. Progression of the disease can lead to severe complications (suppuration, adhesion or necrosis of tendons, sepsis, etc.).

ICD 10 code

ICD stands for International Classification of Diseases and is a special document used to assess the general health of the population, in medicine, and epidemiology. This reference book is necessary for monitoring and controlling diseases and their prevalence, as well as a number of other health-related problems. Every ten years, the document is subject to revision.

In modern medicine, the tenth revision classifier (ICD 10) is in effect.

Tendonitis in ICD 10 is listed under code M 65.2 (calcifying tendinitis).