Temperature without cold symptoms is a serious concern.

“I have a temperature,” we say, when the thermometer rises above the mark of + 37 ° C... And we speak incorrectly, because our body always has an indicator of the thermal state. And the mentioned common phrase is pronounced when this indicator exceeds the norm.

By the way, the temperature of a human body in a healthy state can vary during the day - from + 35.5 ° С to + 37.4 ° С. In addition, we get the norm indicator of + 36.5 ° C only when measuring body temperature in the armpit, but if we measure the temperature in the mouth, then on the scale you will see + 37 ° C, and if you measure in the ear or rectally, then all + 37.5 ° C. So the temperature of + 37.2 ° C without signs of a cold, and even more so the temperature of + 37 ° C without signs of a cold, as a rule, does not cause much concern.

However, any increase in body temperature, including fever without a cold, is a response of the protective response of the human body to an infection that can lead to a particular disease. Therefore, doctors and say that the increase in temperature to + 38 ° C indicates that the body has entered into a fight with the infection and began to produce protective antibodies, cells of the immune system, phagocytes and interferon.

If a high temperature without cold symptoms lasts long enough, then the person feels bad: the load on the heart and lungs increases significantly, as the energy consumption and tissue demand for oxygen and nutrition increase. And in this case only the doctor will help.

Causes of fever with no cold symptoms

A fever or fever is observed in almost all acute infectious diseases, as well as during the exacerbation of certain chronic diseases. And in the absence of catarrhal symptoms, doctors can determine the cause of the patient’s high body temperature indicators by isolating the pathogen either directly from the local source of infection or from the blood.

It is much more difficult to determine the cause of the temperature without signs of a cold, if the disease has arisen as a result of exposure to the body of conditionally pathogenic microbes (bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma) - while reducing general or local immunity. Then it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive laboratory study of not only blood, but also urine, bile, sputum and mucus.

In clinical practice, cases of persistent - for three or more weeks - fever without signs of a cold or any other symptoms (with rates above + 38 ° C) are called fever of unknown origin.

The most “simple” case of a temperature of + 39 ° C without cold symptoms (in the sense of diagnostics, of course) refers to its appearance after a person’s trip to hot foreign lands (especially to Africa and Asia), where he was bitten by a mosquito infected with parasites of the Plasmodium species. That is, in addition to souvenirs from travel, a person brings malaria. The first sign of this dangerous disease is fever, which is joined by headache, chills and vomiting. According to WHO, every year around 350 million to 500 million people become infected with malaria.

Causes of fever with no cold symptoms can be associated with diseases such as:

• inflammatory diseases of bacterial origin: endocarditis, pyelonephritis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, tonsillitis, andexitis, sinusitis, meningitis, prostatitis, inflammation of the uterus, sepsis;
• infectious diseases: tuberculosis, typhus and relapsing fever, brucellosis, Lyme disease, HIV infection;
• diseases of viral, parasitic or fungal etiology: malaria, infectious mononucleosis, candidiasis, toxoplasmosis, syphilis;
• oncological diseases: leukemia, lymphoma, tumors of the lungs or bronchi, kidneys, liver, stomach (with and without metastases);
• systemic inflammations, including autoimmune nature: polyarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic polymyalgia, allergic vasculitis, periarthritis nodosa, systemic lupus erythematosus, Crohn's disease;
• endocrine diseases: thyrotoxicosis.

The increase in temperature indicators may be caused by changes in the hormonal sphere. For example, during a normal menstrual cycle, women often have a temperature of + 37-37.2 ° C without signs of a cold. In addition, women complain of unexpected sharp rises in temperature during an early menopause.

Temperature without cold symptoms, the so-called subfebrile fever, often accompanied by anemia - a low level of hemoglobin in the blood. Emotional stress, that is, the release into the blood of an increased amount of adrenaline, is also able to raise body temperature and cause adrenaline hyperthermia.

According to experts, a sudden spasmodic rise in temperature can be caused by taking medications, including antibiotics, sulfonamides, barbiturates, anesthetics, psychostimulants, antidepressants, salicylates, as well as some diuretics.

In quite rare cases, the causes of temperature without cold symptoms are rooted in the diseases of the hypothalamus itself.

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Temperature without cold symptoms: fever or hyperthermia?

The regulation of human body temperature (body thermoregulation) occurs at the reflex level, and the hypothalamus, which belongs to the diencephalon, is responsible for it. The functions of the hypothalamus also include the control of the work of our entire endocrine and autonomic nervous system, and it contains the centers regulating body temperature, hunger and thirst, the sleep and waking cycle, and many other important physiological and psychosomatic processes.

Special proteins - pyrogens - are involved in the increase in body temperature. They are primary (exogenous, that is, external - in the form of toxins of bacteria and microbes) and secondary (endogenous, that is, internal, produced by the organism itself). When a disease center occurs, the primary pyrogens cause the cells of our body to produce secondary pyrogens, which transmit impulses to the hypothalamus thermoreceptors. And that, in turn, begins to adjust the temperature homeostasis of the body to mobilize its protective functions. And until the hypothalamus adjusts the disturbed balance between heat generation (which increases) and heat transfer (which decreases), the person is tormented by fever.

A fever without cold symptoms also occurs in hyperthermia, when the hypothalamus does not take part in raising it: it simply did not receive a signal to begin protecting the body against infection. Such an increase in temperature occurs due to a violation of the process of heat transfer, for example, with considerable physical exertion or due to the general overheating of a person in hot weather (which we call heat stroke).

Temperature treatment without cold symptoms

So, we recall that the treatment of temperature without signs of a cold must begin with finding out the true cause of this problem. And for this you should turn to the doctors - and without delay.

Only a qualified doctor (and, often, not one) will be able to answer the question of where your fever comes from without cold symptoms, and prescribe a comprehensive treatment.

If the identified disease is infectious and inflammatory, then antibiotics will be prescribed. And, for example, in cases of lesions of the fungal etiology, polyene antibiotics, triazole group medications and a number of other medicament treatments are prescribed.

In general, as you yourself understand, for the treatment of arthritis we need some drugs, for the treatment of thyrotoxicosis or, say, syphilis, are completely different. When the temperature rises without signs of a cold - when this single symptom has combined so different aetiologies of the disease - only a qualified doctor can determine which drugs need to be taken in each case. So, for detoxification, that is, to reduce the level of toxins in the blood, resorted to the intravenous drip of special solutions, but only in the clinic.

Therefore, to cure the temperature without cold symptoms is not just to drink antipyretic tablets like paracetomol or aspirin. Any doctor will tell you that with a diagnosis that has not yet been established, the use of antipyretic drugs can not only interfere in identifying the cause of the disease, but also aggravate its course. So the temperature without signs of a cold - really a serious cause for concern.