Symptoms of acute myeloblastic leukemia
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
All iLive content is medically reviewed or fact checked to ensure as much factual accuracy as possible.
We have strict sourcing guidelines and only link to reputable media sites, academic research institutions and, whenever possible, medically peer reviewed studies. Note that the numbers in parentheses ([1], [2], etc.) are clickable links to these studies.
If you feel that any of our content is inaccurate, out-of-date, or otherwise questionable, please select it and press Ctrl + Enter.
The debut of acute myeloblastic leukemia is almost devoid of specific features. The most frequent manifestations are fever, hemorrhagic syndrome, anemia, secondary infections. Despite the infiltration of the bone marrow, bone pain does not always appear. Infiltration of the liver, spleen and lymph nodes is recorded in 30-50% of patients. CNS lesion is noted in 5-10% of cases, while in most children neurological symptoms are absent.
Skin lesion is most typical for a monocytic variant of acute myeloblastic leukemia. Extremely rarely isolated skin infiltration occurs when the disease is manifested, more often than not observed extramedullary chloromas in combination with a typical bone marrow infiltration. In the onset of acute myeloblastic leukemia, 3-5% of children show hyperleukocytosis, which is most typical for the monomonocytic and monocytic variants. Manifestations of hyperleukocytosis may be respiratory distress syndrome due to impaired perfusion of the pulmonary capillaries and progressive neurological symptoms (headache, drowsiness, coma) due to hypoxia of the central nervous system. The promyelocytic variant of leukemia can manifest in the form of DIC-syndrome with the development of massive bleeding and thrombosis.
[