Schizophasia

Speech incoherence with correctly constructed sentences is considered a mental disorder. Schizophasia is a confusion of words, as a result of which everything said by a person does not carry a semantic load. Phrases are constructed correctly, but the statements of a patient with mental disorders lack logical consistency. This disease is not rare, it is inherent in people with other disorders. In some cases, the manifestation of the disease is associated with severe alcohol intoxication.

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Epidemiology

Among patients suffering from mental pathologies, schizophasia is recorded in 12%. According to epidemiology, the average age of people susceptible to this disease is 30 years. Mental disorders are much more common in men than in women.

The disease is hereditary, this factor plays an important role. This is due to the toxic effect on the fetus during pregnancy. Mental deviation can develop against the background of an infectious lesion. From this point of view, the hereditary factor is a connecting link.

The prevalence of the disease is more often recorded among residents of large cities. This is due to the modern rhythm of life and numerous stressful situations.

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Causes schizophasias

The main provoking factor is a traumatic brain injury. In most cases, brain damage entails abnormalities in the nervous system. An additional cause of schizophasia is the use of psychotropic drugs and narcotics. A person under the influence of prohibited substances and alcoholic beverages is unable to express themselves normally.

As a result of schizophasia, the patient strings together meaningless words and sentences. All this causes confusion in the people around him. The speech structure is incorrect, but there are no grammatical errors.

Experts believe that this psychological deviation is a manifestation of paranoid schizophrenia. This disease is widespread, more often found in people over 50 years of age. Symptoms of the deviation include hallucinations, delusions and strange experiences. The disease is accompanied by disturbances in emotions and speech apparatus.

The incoherence of speech is accompanied by obsessive ideas. The patient expresses his emotions in a strange way, he has confused thoughts, attacks of jealousy and persecution mania. People with this pathology cannot explain what exactly bothers them. This entails isolation, social phobia and narrowing of emotional reactions. The disease can develop suddenly, without any prerequisites. At the same time, the person does not realize that his speech is meaningless.

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Pathogenesis

Experts believe that mental pathology is a consequence of such diseases as:

• schizophrenia;
• neurosyphilis;
• encephalitis.

In some people, the pathogenesis of the disease is associated with the presence of damage to the temporal lobe of the brain. There have been cases where the disease was a consequence of chronic encephalitis. All this points to the fact that the onset of the disease is due to disturbances in the functioning of the brain. As a result, a person is visited by delusional and obsessive ideas, along with incoherence of speech.

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Symptoms schizophasias

The main symptom of the disease is incoherence of speech. The person has increased speech activity, but his words and expressions do not carry any semantic load. At the same time, the person talks a lot and does not need listeners or interlocutors. This is the most common symptom of schizophasia, on the basis of which a psychiatrist can make a diagnosis.

The conversation of a person with mental disorders attracts people around him. However, no one can understand what he is talking about. Often this phenomenon occurs as a result of a traumatic brain injury or other brain damage. The person talks a lot, and completely incompatible concepts are combined with each other. The statements are clear and distinct, so the people around cannot understand what is happening to the victim.

Along with the incoherence of speech, the appearance of delusional ideas and impaired thinking cannot be ruled out. However, the dominant symptom is the person's conversation. With the right treatment, stable remission can be achieved.

The first signs of the disease

The disease can develop spontaneously. The first signs of schizophasia are increased talkativeness of a person. At the same time, the victim expresses himself incorrectly. In most cases, all sentences do not carry a semantic load and are not logical. Other manifestations, except for incoherence of speech, are not observed. This sign is quite sufficient for making a diagnosis.

How does the speech of a person with schizophrenia differ?

The most obvious sign of the deviation is the person's speech. A person with a mental disorder begins to speak illogical sentences quickly. The speech of a person with schizophasia is clear, but devoid of any meaning. At the same time, the person does not realize that he is speaking incorrectly. This is due to damage to the brain.

It is not difficult to identify a person with a mental disorder. He is emotional, his speech is loud and illogical. He attracts people with his strange statements. At the same time, the victim is not socially dangerous.

Complications and consequences

Schizophasia rarely leads to complications. The only unfavorable deviation may be the incoherence of speech on a permanent basis. Consequences and complications are possible in the presence of concomitant diseases, in particular schizophrenia.

The most common deviations that develop as a result of disturbances in brain function are:

• autism;
• lacura dementia;
• extrapyramidal disorders;
• cardiovascular disorders;
• abdominal obesity.

Due to autism, a person is unable to socially interact with other people. This psychological deviation disrupts development. Lacural dementia allows a person to recognize the presence of the disease. The deviation is associated with damage to the blood vessels of the brain.

Extrapyramidal disorders develop against the background of the use of neuroleptics. These drugs are used to treat schizophasia and schizophrenia. Excessive use of medications leads to the development of chorea, dystonia and tremor.

The development of cardiovascular diseases increases mortality among people with mental disorders. Finally, abdominal obesity is another common complication. This is due to a violation of metabolic processes in the body.

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Diagnostics schizophasias

The deviation can be diagnosed after communicating with the person. As has been mentioned above, during periods of exacerbation of mental pathology, the patient's speech is strange. He talks a lot, but all sentences are devoid of logic and meaning. Diagnosis of schizophasia is simple, so the diagnosis is made after examination by a psychiatrist.

If the disease is a consequence of schizophrenia, additional measures are taken. Auditory and visual hallucinations, obsessive ideas and persecution mania indicate the presence of a concomitant disorder. A person may experience olfactory, gustatory and sexual hallucinations.

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Differential diagnosis

At the first stages, the disease must be diagnosed from acute transient disorders. The basis of differential diagnostics is the identification of concomitant diseases.

The diagnosis is made based on the clinical picture. No tests or other diagnostic measures are performed. The mental state of a person is the only criterion for evaluation. In the presence of speech incoherence, it is customary to diagnose schizophasia. If the condition is accompanied by hallucinations, persecution mania and delusional ideas, schizophrenia is possible.

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Treatment schizophasias

People with mental disorders, in particular schizophasia and schizophrenia, need to follow a certain treatment regimen. This will allow achieving a stable period of remission. The basis of the treatment of schizophasia is the use of neuroleptics. They are used with special caution. This is due to the high risk of developing extrapyramidal disorders.

The following means are widely used:

1. Neuleptil;
2. Sonapax;
3. Truxal;
4. Rispolept;
5. Triftazin.

• Neuleptil. It is used to eliminate aggression against the background of mental disorders. The maximum dose for adults is 100 mg per day, for children no more than 0.5 mg/kg. The drug can cause side effects, in particular dry mouth, drowsiness, depression and digestive system disorders. Neuleptil cannot be used in case of heart failure and vascular pathology.
• Sonapax. Allows to eliminate mental disorders, in particular psychosis and manic states. It is used to treat children and adults. In childhood, the maximum daily dosage is 10-50 mg. Adults can use 100-300 mg per day, depending on the severity of clinical manifestations. The drug can cause side effects in the form of confusion, hematopoiesis and thermoregulation disorders. Sonapax cannot be used during pregnancy, traumatic brain injury and heart failure.
• Truxal. Widely used for psychoses and neuroses. The daily dose depends on the disease and the severity of its manifestation. On average, for adults it is 100-300 mg, for children - 0.5 mg/kg. The drug cannot be used in diabetes mellitus, Parkinson's syndrome and epilepsy. The development of side effects in the form of dizziness, tachycardia and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract is possible.
• Rispolept. The dosage is prescribed by the attending physician, it is taken at one time or divided into two doses. Rispolept is contraindicated in case of lactose intolerance and in children under 5 years of age. It is possible to develop negative reactions from the body, in particular dizziness, cardiovascular disorders and allergic reactions.
• Triftazin. The maximum initial dose is 0.005 g, after treatment it is 0.8 g. Everything depends on the severity of the clinical picture. The drug can only be used by adults. Triftazin can cause extrapyramidal disorders. It cannot be used in acute liver and kidney damage.

Prevention

Unfortunately, it is almost impossible to prevent the disease. If there are any deviations in relatives, it is recommended to undergo primary prevention. It consists of collecting data on the incidence of relatives, in particular, parents. Then secondary prevention is carried out. It is based on the use of medications. Usually these are depot injections administered once a month. This will reduce the likelihood of complications.

If a person has significant deviations, it is necessary to minimize mental stress in order to avoid aggravation of the situation. It is impossible to get rid of schizophasia completely. All that a person can do is to prolong the remission stage and alleviate the acute phase of the disease. For this purpose, such drugs as Eglonil, Seroquel and Fluanksol are used. These are neuroleptics, the scheme of use is prescribed by a doctor. The drugs cannot be used in case of severe disorders of the liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system. Incorrect dosage can provoke the development of extrapyramidal disorders.

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Forecast

Schizophrenic diseases are not fatally progressive diseases. In most cases, the prognosis is favorable. If a person follows all the doctor's recommendations and takes medications, his condition is stable. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid stressful situations and mental overload.

Without treatment, the person's condition worsens. Acute attacks of the disease are replaced by short periods of remission. The person becomes socially dangerous. In this case, schizophasia is characterized by an unfavorable prognosis.