Sarcomas of the pelvic organs

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

Uterine sarcoma

Uterine sarcoma is an aggressive malignant neoplastic disease that is very rare. Uterine sarcoma can occur in patients of any age. The true causes of the disease are not known today. The danger of this damage is that for a long time, sarcoma does not manifest itself. The main symptoms: weakness, lack of appetite, yellow complexion, leucorrhoea and bloody discharge (appear on the penultimate stage of the disease). The danger of uterine sarcoma is that even after successful treatment, the disease can recur.

Vaginal sarcoma

Vaginal sarcoma is a pathological disease that is by its nature much more dangerous than cancer. The disease begins with a small polyp that is of mixed-type mesodermal origin. Initially, polyps have a benign growth, but over time, under the influence of certain factors, develop into a malignant tumor - sarcoma. Due to inattentive care and neglected state, doctors do not always manage to determine the primary origin of sarcoma.

Diagnosis of vaginal sarcoma is to conduct a biopsy, because outside, the myxomatous polyp tissue is lined with healthy squamous epithelium. This fact complicates the process of diagnosis - vaginal sarcoma. Treatment of the tumor is to remove the polyps. But the rapid recurrence of tumors indicates the ineffectiveness of this method. A radical method of treatment is surgery, which involves the womb and hysterectomy, that is, the removal of the female genital organs. Also, resorting to therapeutic methods of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, with metastasis of vaginal sarcoma.

Ovarian sarcoma

Ovarian sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm of connective tissue elements. The tumor is characterized by rapid growth and, as a rule, has a one-sided character, an uneven surface and a soft texture that is prone to hemorrhages and disintegration. According to histology, ovarian sarcoma has several forms: spindle cell, round cell, small cell and others. Round-cell sarcoma is distinguished by special malignancy, the tumor is not inferior to cancer.

At first, ovarian sarcoma is similar in symptoms to cancer. But after a while, the tumor begins to grow rapidly and metastasize. Ovarian sarcoma is a secondary disease that usually occurs due to metastasis from the affected uterus. A tumor can affect organs on both sides of the tumor. Diagnosis of sarcoma begins with ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Sarcoma treatment is a total surgical removal of the uterus with appendages, regardless of the patient's age. After surgical removal, conduct a course of radiation therapy.

[6], [7], [8], [9], [10]

Prostate sarcoma

Prostate sarcoma is a rare disease that occurs in one of thousands of men. Unlike cancer, prostate sarcoma affects young patients, 50% of the disease occurs in patients under 10 years old, the remaining 50% in patients aged 10 to 60 years. According to histology, most often the prostate is affected by fibrosarcomas, lymphosarcomas and myosarcomas.

• In the early stage of the disease, symptoms are absent or manifest as moderate dysuria. The first bright symptom of prostate sarcoma is acute urinary retention. This symptom is due to the fact that due to squeezing of the bladder neck, the tumor metastasizes and causes pain.
• In the later stages, sarcoma causes the growth of a neoplasm in the surrounding tissues, the appearance of severe pain in the lower abdomen. With palpation of the finger through the rectum, a woody, lumpy tumor can be felt.

Treatment of prostate sarcoma - surgical removal of the prostate gland with seminal vesicles, and subsequent radiation therapy. In the early stages of the disease, patients undergo surgery that allows urine to be removed (cystoscopy, nephrostomy).

[11], [12], [13]

Bladder sarcoma

Bladder sarcoma is a very dangerous disease, which is expressed as a malignant neoplasm. The danger of the disease is that even surgical removal does not protect against frequent recurrences of sarcoma. The neoplasm is formed from connective tissue that is present in all organs.

• The causes of sarcoma are not exactly known, but there are a number of factors that can trigger the onset of the disease. Harmful habits, interaction with carcinogens, a long stay in a sitting position, refraining from urination are the main causes of bladder sarcoma.
• Symptomatology of the disease is not clearly expressed and consists of a triad of symptoms. Patients complain about the appearance of blood in the urine, painful urination and disruption of urination. The severity of symptoms depends on the stage of the disease and its neglect.
• By the degree of mortality, bladder sarcoma ranks second after cancer. The disease early metastasizes, spreading to neighboring organs, often recurs. It is possible to diagnose sarcoma only with the help of a biopsy and a number of other auxiliary methods.

With radical treatment, operational methods are used. The volume of the operation depends on the stage of sarcoma, its size and degree of metastasis. In addition to surgery, conduct a course of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Timely diagnosis and treatment is a guarantee of a normal life, without sarcoma.

[14], [15], [16], [17]