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Health

X-rays (X-ray studies)

X-ray of the intestine

Radiography is a traditional method of studying the small and large intestine. Indications for him are numerous. In conditions of emergency medical care - this is a suspicion of intestinal obstruction, perforation of the intestine, thromboembolism of mesenteric vessels, gastrointestinal bleeding.

X-ray of the stomach and duodenum

Radiation and endoscopy studies form the basis of a comprehensive diagnosis of stomach diseases. Radiological methods are of primary importance among ray methods. The plan for X-ray examination of the stomach and duodenum depends on the history and clinical picture of the disease.

X-ray of the esophagus

Esophagus is a direct continuation of the pharynx. Its function is to move the food into the stomach. Peristaltic wave for 5-6 seconds reaches the lower esophageal sphincter, which at this time relaxes, and then immediately contracts, preventing the return of contents into the esophagus (the so-called regurgitation).

Roentgen of vessels (arteries)

On the radiographs, the shade of the ascending aorta, its arcs and the beginning of the descending part are well distinguished. In the nadklapannom department, its caliber reaches 4 cm, and then gradually decreases, making an average of 2.5 cm in the descending part.

Roentgen of the heart and blood vessels

In the 1980s, computer methods of imaging were introduced into the practice of cardiology: digital coronary and ventriculography, computed tomography synchronized with heart function, magnetic resonance imaging. Moreover, radiologists have received special catheters for vascular plastic and laser devices for evaporation of atherosclerotic plaques.

X-rays of light

With the development of computed tomography, the importance of X-rays in the diagnosis of lung diseases has increased even more. With its help, it is possible to identify the earliest changes in the organs of the thoracic cavity. An important place in the evaluation of functional pathology of the lungs, in particular violations of capillary blood flow in them, was taken by the radionuclide method.

X-ray endovascular occlusion

X-ray endovascular occlusion is a transcatheter occlusion of the vessel, its embolization. For this, an embolizing material is injected through the catheter, which temporarily or permanently surrounds the lumen of the vessel. Depending on the caliber of the vessel and the purpose of the procedure, platinum microparticles, microspheres with ferromagnets, hemostatic gelatin sponge, metal spirals, oil emulsions are used.

Endovascular dilatation (angioplasty)

Endovascular dilatation, or angioplasty, is one of the most effective ways of treating limited segmental vascular lesions - stenosis and occlusion.

Angiography

Angiography - X-ray examination of blood vessels, produced with the use of contrast agents. For artificial contrasting, a solution of the organic iodine compound intended for this purpose is injected into the blood and lymphatic channels. Depending on what part of the vascular system is contrasted, distinguish arteriography, venography (phlebography) and lymphography.

Fluorography

Fluorography is an X-ray method that involves photographing an image from a fluorescent X-ray screen (which is used more often), an electron-optical converter screen or systems designed for subsequent digitization of images onto a small format film - usually 110x110 mm, 100x100 mm or, , 70 x 70 mm.

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