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Plummer-Vinson syndrome
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
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Plummer-Vinson syndrome is characterized by atrophy of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, pharynx and esophagus and manifests itself with many systemic signs: swallowing disorder, dysphagia, burning sensation in the tongue, functional spasm of the esophagus and cardia, superficial glossitis, atrophy of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus and stomach, cracks in the corners of the mouth, nail dystrophy, seborrheic dermatitis of the face, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis with vascularization of the cornea, impaired twilight vision, chronic gastritis, porphyrinuria.
[ Diagnosis of Plummer-Vinson syndrome
The diagnosis is established based on the above-mentioned signs. Radiography reveals the phenomenon of "esophageal membranes", consisting of a peculiar image on the anterior wall of the esophagus opposite the cricoid cartilage. Esophagoscopy reveals hyperkeratosis of the mucous membrane in the form of keratinized plates in the indicated area.
Characteristic changes in the blood: hypochromic anemia, poikilo-, aniso-, micro- and planocytosis, rarely hyperchromic anemia, decreased iron content in the blood serum, achlorhydria. It is observed almost exclusively in women.
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Treatment of Plummer-Vinson syndrome
Treatment of Plummer-Vinson syndrome at the initial stages of the disease can lead to a temporary improvement in the general condition and long-term remissions. In severe clinical forms, recovery from Plummer-Vinson syndrome is practically impossible. Treatment consists of prescribing riboflavin, lactoflavin, vitamin B6, iron-containing drugs and agents that replace and normalize the secretory function of the stomach. The diet should be rich in proteins and vitamin B6 (milk and fermented milk products, liver, eggs, meat, brewer's yeast, fruits, vegetables, rye bread).
Plummer-Vinson syndrome has a questionable prognosis.