Osteoma of the nasal cavity

Osteoma of the nasal cavity is a benign tumor that develops from bone tissue.

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What causes osteoma of the nasal cavity?

The occurrence of osteoma in the nasal cavity is a rare phenomenon in otolaryngology, most often this tumor primarily develops in the frontal and maxillary sinuses, in the ethmoid bone, and from here, growing, penetrates into the nasal cavity. Most often, osteoma of the nasal cavity occurs in young people. Sometimes it is combined with chondroma of the nose. As a rule, the osteoma is covered with dense bone tissue on the outside, and has a spongy structure on the inside.

Symptoms of osteoma of the nasal cavity

Symptoms of osteoma of the nasal cavity are determined by the size of the tumor, the rate of its growth and the direction in which it spreads. The main subjective signs of osteoma of the nasal cavity are slowly increasing difficulty in nasal breathing, usually on one side, hyposmia on the same side, mucopurulent discharge, often - trigeminal neuralgia. During anterior rhinoscopy, usually in the middle nasal passage, a swelling is detected, covered with normal or hyperemic mucous membrane, hard when palpated with a button probe. Over time, the mucous membrane over the osteoma becomes thinner and ulcerated, which causes frequent nosebleeds. Osteoma of the nasal cavity has a slow progressive growth, during which the symptoms that arise do not remit, but gradually increase. The tumor pushes apart and compresses the surrounding tissues, causing various disorders depending on the direction of its growth (lacrimation, neuralgic pain, secondary sinusitis, exophthalmos, etc.).

Diagnosis of osteoma of the nasal cavity

Diagnosis of osteoma of the nasal cavity is usually not difficult. Radiography is of decisive importance, in which in the corresponding projections used to examine the paranasal sinuses, a radiopaque bone formation with smooth contours located in the nasal cavity is revealed. Osteoma of the nasal cavity should be differentiated from the same diseases that differentiate papilloma and chondroma of the nose. Most often, osteoma of the nose simulates rhinolith.

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Treatment of osteoma of the nasal cavity

Osteoma of the nasal cavity is treated by removing the tumor, and necessarily with the underlying bone tissue to prevent relapse. Often the source of the tumor is the cribriform plate, so the surgical intervention must be performed very carefully so as not to damage the dura mater of the anterior cranial fossa. A sign of this damage is the sudden onset of nasal liquorrhea.