Nutrition and diet with prediabetes: a detailed description
The fundamental point in the therapy of pre-diabetes is not drug treatment, but low-carbohydrate diet with restriction of fat intake. Without proper nutrition, no other measures will help to normalize the pancreas and stabilize the sugar level within normal limits.
Patients with pre-diabetic condition can recommend one of two suitable diets. Diet No. 9 is suitable for those who have weight in the norm, but for people with extra pounds and obese, the doctor will offer to adhere to the requirement of diet No. 8. Between these two diets differ only by the recommended daily intake of calories and carbohydrates: diet No. 9 - up to 2400 kcal, diet number 8 - up to 1600 kcal per day.
In diet No. 8, the consumption of salt (up to 4 g per day) and water (up to 1.5 l) is limited. But vitamin C, iron, calcium and phosphorus patients with excess weight should consume more than people with normal weight.
What can and what can not?
In order to more easily be guided by the requirements of the dietary table, it is worthwhile to carefully study the information that explains which foods you can and which can not be eaten with pre-diabetes.
So, we list the allowed products with pre-diabetes:
- Bread and other products from rye flour and bran, and also wheat flour of a rough grinding
- Any pasta from coarse wheat varieties
- Vegetable soups and soups based on them
- Okroshka
- Low-fat meat (veal, chicken, rabbit, turkey) - you can cook, stew with vegetables and bake
- Boiled tongue
- Sausages: doctor's boiled and chicken sausages
- Low-fat fish (pollock, walleye, pike, hake, etc.) - boil or bake in the oven
- Fish preservation without the addition of oil (in its own juice or tomato)
- Milk and low-fat dairy products (kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt)
- Curd cheese, prepared without the addition of salt
- Dishes from cereals (buckwheat, pearl barley, oats and barley)
- Rice and wheat porridge (in small quantities)
- Pumpkin, zucchini, zucchini, tomatoes, eggplant, asparagus, Jerusalem artichoke, celery and many other vegetables
- Any kinds of cabbage
- Leaf lettuce and greens
- Some carrots and beets
- Dishes from soy, beans, lentils and peas
- Fresh and baked fruit
- Fruit puree, jelly, mousse without sugar
- Fruit jelly without sugar
- Nuts
- Homemade sauces with milk and tomato
- The gravy to low-fat dishes
- Black and green tea, herbal teas and decoctions, broth of wild rose,
- Sugar-free compotes
- Juices from fresh vegetables
- Baby fruit juices
- Mineral and purified water (better without gas)
- Any vegetable oils (unrefined)
In addition, it is allowed a couple of times a week to eat the first dishes, cooked on a light meat or mushroom broth without fat, low-fat sour cream (1 time per week). Potatoes can be quite a bit and only in boiled or baked form. Butter can be added in small portions to cooked meals.
Now we list the products and dishes forbidden for pre-diabetes:
- Baking from yeast dough with the addition of butter and puff pastry
- Macaroni products from white flour
- Rich meat and mushroom broths, as well as dishes based on them
- Vermicelli soup
- Fatty meat (for example, pork, duck, lamb) is prohibited in any form
- Smoked meat and sausages
- Any canned meat
- Fatty types of fish in any form
- Smoked, dried and salted fish
- Canned fish in oil
- Fish Caviar
- Homemade milk and dairy products of high fat content
- Fat cheese, sour cream with a high percentage of fat, cream
- Sweet dishes from milk
- Hard and brine cheeses
- Fresh and dried grapes (high content of sugar is also noted in dates and bananas)
- Ice cream, jams, jam, creams, sweets
- Semolina and dishes from it
- Instant cereals
- Vegetable preservation
- Ketchup, mayonnaise, shop sauces, spicy seasonings and fatty gravies
- Sweet carbonated drinks
- Grape and banana juice
- Salo, inverted internal fat, smalets
- Margarine
To facilitate the work of the pancreas, it is recommended to switch to a fractional diet (up to 6 times a day with a dose of not more than 200 g). Products from cereals and porridge with pre-diabetes (except rice) is best used in the morning, fruits - in the morning, protein foods - in the lunch and evening.
From the diet, you need to exclude foods and meals, which include fast carbohydrates (honey, sugar, sweet varieties of fruit, flour in / c), convenience foods, fast food products, high-calorie sweeteners. Sweet fruits with prediabetes is better replaced by sweet and sour.
Dried fruits with pre-diabetes are not prohibited products, however, they are not used in large quantities.
Menu diet for pre-diabetes for a week
Consider an example of a menu that patients with pre-diabetes can use.
Monday
- 1 breakfast - oatmeal porridge, a slice of wholemeal bread, tea with stevia
- 2 breakfast - fruit puree
- Lunch - vegetable soup-puree, omelet from 2 eggs, steam chicken cutlet
- Afternoon snack - a glass of curdled milk with biscuit biscuits
- Dinner - chicken soufflé, herbal tea
Tuesday
- 1 breakfast - porridge cereal porridge, green tea with diet breads
- 2 breakfast - baked apple
- Lunch - vegetable soup with a light chicken broth, cauliflower puree, boiled fish
- Afternoon snack - cottage cheese with fruit added
- Supper - stewed cabbage with a small piece of gray bread, broth of dogrose
Wednesday
- 1 breakfast - barley porridge, fruit compote
- 2 breakfast - salad of fresh vegetables with olive oil
- Lunch - baked fruit with a piece of doctor's sausage, fruit mousse
- Afternoon snack - syrniki, baked in the oven
- Dinner - casserole from low-fat cottage cheese and fruit
Thursday
- 1 breakfast - buckwheat cereal, not strong coffee with milk and sugar substitute
- 2 breakfast - fruit salad
- Lunch - soup on vegetable broth with a slice of lean boiled meat, mashed pumpkin
- Afternoon snack - a cup of yogurt
- Dinner - steam omelette with a slice of rye bread, tea
Friday
- 1 breakfast - oatmeal, coffee with milk
- 2 Breakfast -
- Lunch - zucchini soup, steam omelette
- Afternoon snack - fruit and berries jelly
- Dinner - syrniki, green tea
Saturday
- 1 breakfast - pasta with sausage, green tea
- 2 breakfast - salad from boiled beets
- Lunch - soup on a weak mushroom broth, buckwheat porridge, steam cue ball from turkey meat
- Afternoon snack - a glass of ryazhenka
- Dinner - fish with vegetables, cooked in the oven, herbal decoction
Sunday
- 1 breakfast - pearl barley, black tea with milk and stevia
- 2 breakfast - pancakes made from cabbage
- Lunch - okroshka, boiled egg, a piece of bread from flour with bran
- Afternoon snack - cottage cheese with fruit
- Dinner - aubergines baked with minced meat and tomatoes
As you can see, even with a scant choice of products, if desired, you can make a decent menu that will successfully overcome the health problems that have arisen.
Prescription for pre-diabetes
And now we will result some recipes which will help to diversify a table at a prediabetes.
Chicken Soufflé
- Chicken fillet - 400 g
- Egg white - 2 pcs.
- Low-fat milk - 100 g
- Flour - 1 tbsp. L.
- Large carrots - 1 pc.
- Small onion - 1 pc.
Meat and vegetables cut into small pieces and crushed with a blender, gradually adding milk and flour. Solim to taste. Separately beat whites into strong foam. Carefully connect and gently mix both masses. Form for baking lined parchment and pour the finished mashed potatoes. We put in a preheated 180 about C oven for 20-30 minutes.
The dish can be varied by adding other vegetables (zucchini, cabbage or pumpkin), which you can not grind in puree, but leave them in pieces.
Dietary cabbage rolls
- 10 sheets of white cabbage or Peking cabbage
- 300 g low-fat chicken or turkey minced meat
- 3 medium tomatoes
- Onions, carrots, bell peppers - 1 pc.
Blanchs of cabbage in the water for about 2 minutes. To mince we add finely chopped onions and bell peppers, as well as grated carrots on a large grater. All mixed, salt and wrapped in cabbage leaves. We put the ready-made cabbage rolls in a saucepan and pour boiling slightly salted water so that the cabbage slightly rises above the water. We peel the tomatoes from the skins, grind them in a blender and add them to the pan together with the laurel leaf. Simmer stuffed in the oven for about 40 minutes (temperature 180 of pp).
Salad of pumpkin and lentils
- Lentil - 1 glass
- Garlic - 1 slice (optional)
- Radish -100 g
- Pumpkin - 200 g
- A little vegetable oil for refueling, salt
Cut my radish and cut it in circles. Pumpkin boil and cut into cubes. Lentils cook for 25-30 minutes. All products are mixed, add crushed garlic, salt and olive oil, mix and can eat.
Smoothies of fruits and vegetables
- Walnuts - 3 pcs.
- Apples - 1 pc.
- half a stalk of celery
- Low-fat yogurt - ½ cup
- Sugar substitute
Grind the blender washed and sliced celery, add to it peeled and cut into slices of apples and pour yogurt, continuing to whisk the mass. Pour into prepared glasses and sprinkle with chopped nuts.
Instead of yogurt in the recipe you can use low-fat kefir, mineral still water, diluted apple juice.
There are also many useful and delicious recipes that allow people with pre-diabetes not to feel flawed and to diversify their table without harming their health. It is necessary to take only a small amount of desire and a pinch of imagination.