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Microscopic polyarteritis
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Microscopic polyarteritis - necrotizing vasculitis with small vessel damage associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA); It is common in many organs and systems, but the most pronounced changes are observed in the lungs, kidneys and skin. Isolated into a separate nosological form of systemic vasculitis in recent years and included in the 1992 classification.
Symptoms. The disease begins with nonspecific manifestations in the form of fever, intoxication, general weakness, articular syndrome, myalgia. There is a loss of body weight. Lung inflammation is characterized by necrotizing alveolitis, often accompanied by pulmonary hemorrhage. Renal damage - in the form of rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis. On the skin there is a jazvno-hemorrhagic vasculitis.
Laboratory diagnostics. In 90% of patients, ANCA are found which are equally specific for serine proteinase-3 and myeloperoxidase, components of the primary neutrophil cytoplasm granules, and are a highly specific marker for microscopic polyarteritis.
Treatment. Prednisolone 1-2 mg / kg / day. At high activity of the process and expressed viscerites - cyclophosphamide 2-3 mg / kg / day daily or pulse therapy 10-15 mg / kg once a month for at least 1 year. Antiaggregants, angioprotectors.
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