Remedies for diathesis

Almost all prescriptions for diathesis (atopic dermatitis) prescribed by doctors include systemic antihistamines, as well as various dermatotropic agents for external use to combat urticaria, erythema, macular-papular and lichenoid skin rashes.

The main means for treating diathesis: tablets, ointments, creams and gels. Let's consider everything in order.

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Tablets for diathesis

Suprastin tablets for diathesis (25 mg) - a first-generation antihistamine based on chloropyribenzamine hydrochloride - are taken orally one tablet no more than three times a day (during meals). A single dose for children begins with a quarter of a tablet twice a day. This drug is contraindicated in glaucoma, gastric ulcer, cardiac arrhythmia and hypertrophic processes in the prostate gland. The main side effects are dry mouth, general weakness, decreased blood pressure and psychomotor skills, increased drowsiness.

Loratadine tablets for diathesis have the same pharmacological action and are prescribed by doctors one tablet once a day (for adults and children over 12 years old). The dosage for children 2-12 years old is calculated depending on their weight (half a tablet a day for a body weight of less than 30 kg). Taking this drug can cause dry mouth and vomiting. Loratadine is contraindicated for children under two years old and pregnant women.

Cetirizine (Zyrtec) tablets for diathesis also block histamine receptors.

Single dose for adults and children over 12 years old – one tablet (10 mg) once a day (in the evening, during meals); for children from 2 to 6 years old, drops for diathesis Cetirizine are recommended: 8-10 drops once a day. Side effects and contraindications of this drug are similar to Suprastin.

Zodak drops (with cetirizine) for adults and children over 12 years old are prescribed 20 drops once a day; 6-12 years old – 10 drops; 1-6 years old – 5 drops once a day.

Fenistil for diathesis (0.1% drops) has an antihistamine effect, that is, it has the same contraindications and side effects as drugs of this group.

The standard dosage for adults is 25-30 drops three times a day, and the daily dose for children is 0.1 mg per kilogram of the child's weight (divided into three doses during the day). Children aged 1-3 years should be given no more than 10-15 drops per day.

Fenistil is contraindicated for children under one year of age and pregnant women.

Itching of the skin can also be reduced by applying 0.1% Fenistil gel for diathesis externally.

Ointment for diathesis

Among external (local) remedies, ointments for diathesis are especially often used, which have different mechanisms of action on the skin.

Zinc ointment for diathesis, as well as zinc oxide liniment, have an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and astringent effect. It is recommended to apply zinc ointment in a thin layer 2-3 times a day to the affected areas of the skin. But for people with sensitive skin prone to dryness, this remedy (due to drying of the skin) can cause redness and increased itching.

In addition to zinc oxide, the Tsindol suspension for diathesis contains ethyl alcohol, so its drying effect is stronger, which can be useful for the papular form of this disease. All local zinc-based preparations are allowed to be used during pregnancy.

Hormonal ointment for diathesis containing corticosteroids – Advantan (Sterocort), Sinaflan (Flucinar), etc.

Advantan for diathesis in the form of a fat-based ointment, as well as a cream that is easier for the skin to absorb, contains an analogue of the adrenal cortex hormone. The ointment helps reduce itchy rashes, for which it should be applied to the skin once a day and lightly rubbed in. To avoid systemic negative effects on the adrenal glands, the duration of treatment is limited to one and a half months, and when treating children - 28030 days.

Among the contraindications to the use of this remedy for the treatment of diathesis are cutaneous tuberculosis and syphilis, herpes (including herpes zoster), the presence of rosacea and pregnancy. Side effects of this ointment can be expressed in the form of hyperemia and burning, the appearance of vesicles, dilation of subcutaneous capillaries and atrophy of the cells of the stratum corneum of the dermis.

The synthetic GCS-containing ointment Sinaflan for diathesis is used in an identical way, but has a shorter maximum term of use - 10 days. In addition, Sinaflan should not be applied to the skin of the face and skin folds.

Antiseptic ointment Miramistin is not used for diathesis. It is used to treat staphylococcal or streptococcal skin lesions, bedsores, trophic ulcers and suppurating wounds.

Cream for diathesis

Sudocrem should not be used for diathesis, although it relieves inflammation and skin exudation due to the zinc oxide content (but is four times more expensive than zinc ointment, since it is produced in Ireland). Also, Sudocrem (used, according to the instructions, for diaper dermatitis and bedsores) contains benzyl alcohol (anesthetic), benzyl benzoate (used for scabies and pediculosis) and benzyl cinnamate (has antibacterial and antifungal effects). The instructions do not describe the side effects of Sudocrem, and only hypersensitivity to the drug is listed among the contraindications. But benzyl benzoate included in the cream can provoke skin irritation up to pyoderma; this component is also contraindicated for pregnant women and children under three years of age.

Elidel cream for diathesis contains the active substance pimecrolimus, which is a strong immunosuppressant and prevents the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines from mast cells. The cream should be lightly rubbed into the affected skin on the affected areas 1-2 times a day. Elidel can cause redness, dryness, burning, swelling and pigmentation disorders of the skin, as well as deterioration of the condition up to anaphylactic shock. This drug is contraindicated for use in children under two years of age, pregnant women and in the presence of microbial, fungal or herpetic skin lesions.

Bepanten baby skin care cream for diathesis can also be used, as it contains provitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), which helps relieve inflammation and restore damaged skin cells. Other trade names for this cream are Dexpanthenol, Pantoderm and Panthenol for diathesis.

It is unlikely that a doctor will prescribe Emolium for diathesis, since it is a cosmetic product declared as dermatological cosmetics (Emolium) for skin care prone to dryness and irritation, as well as atopic dermatosis. It contains corn and vaseline oils, borage seed oil, shea (karite), macadamia, as well as urea and sodium hyaluronate.

La-Cree cream for diathesis can be used to reduce itching and hyperemia of the skin, but it is a skin care product, not a pharmacological drug.

It should also be borne in mind that any baby cream for diathesis will not help, since this is a cosmetic product, not a medicine, and different manufacturers add different ingredients to it. Therefore, in case of diathesis in a child, the use of cosmetic creams produced as children's should be agreed with a doctor.

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Sorbents for diathesis

Diathesis, as a tendency of the body to exhibit painful reactions to common factors, often develops under the influence of certain food products that cause, in particular, skin manifestations in the form of atopic dermatitis with frequent relapses and subsequent remissions.

Sorbents that remove substances from the gastrointestinal tract that cause allergies in the body are recommended for use as a means of treating diathesis. The list of sorbents is impressive and includes such drugs as Karbolen, Polisorb, Sorbex, Polyphepan, Enterosgel, etc.

Thus, Enterosgel paste for diathesis (with polymethylsiloxane polyhydrate) is used 15 g (tablespoon) twice a day (two hours before or two hours after meals), mixing with two tablespoons of boiled water and washing down with a glass of water. The children's dose for 2-5 years per dose is 5 g, that is, a teaspoon, from 5 to 14 years - 10 g (dessert spoon). The number of doses per day should not exceed three times, and the duration of use is two weeks. At the beginning of use, Enterosgel can cause problems with stool.

For information on how to eat when treating diathesis, see – Diet for atopic dermatitis.