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Means for the treatment of diathesis
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Practically all prescriptions prescribed by doctors for diathesis (atopic dermatitis) include antihistamines of systemic action, as well as various external dermatotropic drugs for controlling urticaria, erythema, maculopapular and lichenoid rashes on the skin.
The basic means for the treatment of diathesis: tablets, ointments, creams and gels. Consider everything in order.
[Tablets from diathesis
Suprastin tablets from diathesis (25 mg each) - the first generation antihistamine preparation on the basis of chloropyribenzamine hydrochloride - are taken orally by one tablet no more than three times a day (during meals). A single dose for children begins the fourth part of the pill twice a day. This drug is contraindicated in glaucoma, gastric ulcer, cardiac arrhythmia and hypertrophic processes in the prostate gland. The main side effects are expressed in dry mouth, general weakness, decreased blood pressure and psychomotor, increased drowsiness.
Tablets from diathesis Loratadine have the same pharmacological effect and are prescribed by doctors one tablet once a day (adults and children over 12 years old). Dosage for children 2-12 years is calculated depending on their weight (half a tablet a day with a body weight of less than 30 kg). Taking this medication can cause dryness in the mouth and vomiting. Children under two years and pregnant Loratadin is contraindicated.
Block histamine receptors and tablets from diathesis Cetirizine (Zirtek).
Single dose for adults and children after 12 years - one tablet (10 mg) once a day (in the evening, during the meal); Children from 2 to 6 years are recommended drops from diathesis Cetirizine: 8-10 drops once a day. Side effects and contraindications of this drug are similar to Suprastin.
Zodak drops (with cetirizine) for adults and children over 12 years of age are prescribed 20 drops once a day; 6-12 years - 10 drops each; 1-6 years - 5 drops once a day.
Fenistil from diathesis (0.1% drop) has antihistamine action, that is, it has common contraindications and side effects for the drugs of this group.
The standard dosage for adults is 25-30 drops three times a day, and the daily infant dose is 0.1 mg per kilogram of the child's weight (divided into three doses during the day). Babies 1-3 years are supposed to give no more than 10-15 drops per day.
Children under one year and pregnant Fenistil take contraindicated.
Itching of the skin reduces and applied externally 0.1% gel from diathesis Fenistil.
Ointment for diathesis
Among the external (local) funds, diathesis ointments are especially often used, which have a different mechanism of action on the skin.
Zinc ointment from diathesis, as well as liniment of zinc oxide have antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and astringent effect. Zinc ointment is recommended to apply a thin layer 2-3 times a day to the affected areas of the skin. But in people with sensitive skin, prone to dryness, this remedy (due to drying out the skin) can cause reddening and itching.
In addition to zinc oxide, the suspension of Tsindol from diathesis contains ethyl alcohol, so its drying effect is stronger, which can be useful in the papular form of the disease. All local preparations based on zinc may be used during pregnancy.
Hormonal ointment from diathesis containing corticosteroids - Advantan (Sterocort), Sinaphlan (Flucinar), etc.
Advantan from diathesis in the form of ointment on a fat basis, and also easier to absorb skin cream, has in its composition an analogue of the hormone of the adrenal cortex. Ointment helps to reduce itching rashes, for which it should be applied once a day to the skin and slightly rubbed. To avoid systemic negative effects on the adrenal glands, the duration of treatment is limited to one and a half months, and in the treatment of children - 28030 days.
Among the contraindications to the use of this tool for the treatment of diathesis are skin dermatoses and syphilis, herpes (including herpes zoster), the presence of rosacea and pregnancy. Side effects of this ointment can be expressed in the form of hyperemia and burning, the appearance of vesicles, the expansion of subcutaneous capillaries and atrophy of the cells of the stratum corneum of the dermis.
Sinaflun Ointment containing synthetan from diathesis is used in an identical way, but has a shorter maximum application term of 10 days. In addition, Sinaflane can not be applied to the skin of the face and the folds of the skin.
Antiseptic ointment Miramistin from diathesis is not used. It is used to treat staphylococcal or streptococcal skin lesions, pressure ulcers, trophic ulcers and suppuration of wounds.
Cream for diathesis
Sudocrem from diathesis should not be used, although it removes inflammation and exudation of the skin due to the content of zinc oxide (but four times more expensive than zinc ointment, because it is produced in Ireland). Also in the composition of Sudocrem (used, according to the instruction, from diaper dermatitis and pressure ulcers) there are benzyl alcohol (anesthetic), benzyl benzoate (used for scabies and pediculosis) and benzyl cinnamate (has antibacterial and antifungal effects). The manual does not describe the side effects of Sudocrem, and among the contraindications indicated only increased sensitivity to the drug. But the benzyl benzoate, which is part of the cream, can provoke skin irritation up to pyoderma; Also this component is contraindicated for pregnant women and children up to three years.
Elidel cream from diathesis has an active substance pimecrolimus, which is a strong immunosuppressant and prevents the release of mast cells from anti-inflammatory cytokines. The cream should be easily rubbed into the affected skin on the affected areas 1-2 times during the day. Elidel can cause redness, dryness, burning, swelling and impaired pigmentation of the skin, as well as deterioration of the condition until anaphylactic shock. This drug is contraindicated in children under two years of age, pregnant and in the presence of microbial, fungal or herpetic lesions of the skin.
An infant skin care cream Bepanten from diathesis can also be used because it contains provitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), which helps to relieve inflammation and restore damaged skin cells. Other trade names for this cream are Dexpanthenol, Pantoderm and Panthenol for diathesis.
It is unlikely that the doctor will prescribe Emolium from diathesis, as this is a cosmetic product, claimed to be dermatological cosmetics (Emolium) for skin care, prone to drying and irritation, as well as atopic dermatosis. Contains corn and petrolatum oils, borago seeds, shea (carite), macadamia, as well as urea and sodium hyaluronate.
La Cree cream from diathesis can be used to reduce itching and flushing of the skin, but it is a skin care product, not a pharmacological drug.
It should also be borne in mind that any children's diathesis cream will not help, because it is a cosmetic and not a medicinal product, and different ingredients are introduced into its composition by different manufacturers. Therefore, for diathesis in a child, the use of cosmetic creams, produced as children's, should be agreed with the doctor.
Sorbents from diathesis
Diathesis, as a body's tendency to show painful reactions to normal factors, often develops under the influence of certain food products that cause, in particular, skin manifestations in the form of atopic dermatitis with frequent relapses and subsequent remissions.
Sorbents, removing from the gastrointestinal tract substances that cause allergic organism, it is recommended to use as a means to treat diathesis. The list of sorbents is impressive and includes such drugs as Carbolen, Polysorb, Sorbex, Polyphepan, Enterosgel, and others.
So, Enterosgel paste from diathesis (with poly (methylsiloxane) polyhydrate) is applied to 15 g (table spoon) twice a day (two hours before or two hours after a meal), mixing with two tablespoons of boiled water and washing down a glass of water. Children's dose for 2-5 years at a time - 5 g, that is, a teaspoon, from 5 to 14 years - 10 g (a dessert spoon). The number of receptions during the day should not exceed three times, and the duration of application - two weeks. At the beginning of the application, Enterosgel can cause problems with the stool.
How to eat when treating diathesis, see - Diet with atopic dermatitis.