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Magnetotherapy
Last reviewed: 03.07.2025
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Permanent magnetic therapy
Permanent magnetic therapy is a method of local exposure to a permanent magnetic field using magnetophores (magnetoelasts) or permanent magnets of various shapes, contacted to certain areas of the patient's skin.
Magnetic induction of various types of products from 10 to 50 mT. The effect of the factor is due to electrodynamic changes in biological structures in the form of the corresponding orientation of polarization domains and liquid crystal formations, the induction of electromotive force due to the occurrence of displacement currents. These changes cause certain conformational rearrangements of the structures of body tissues, which gently modifies certain biochemical reactions and biological processes.
The main clinical effects of magnetic therapy are: sedative, local trophic, local vasodilator, change in the reaction of the blood coagulation system.
Equipment: magnetic therapy device (PDMT); sheet magnetic applicators (ALM) - magnetophores, magnetoelasts; medical ring magnets - "MKM-2-1", plate - "MPM-2-1" and disk - "MDM-2-1", "MDM-2-2"; magnetic clips - "KM-1", magnetic tablets - "TM".
High Intensity Pulsed Magnetic Therapy
High-intensity pulsed magnetic therapy is a method of local exposure to a high-intensity pulsed I low-frequency magnetic field, carried out using one or two inductors contacted to certain areas of the patient's body.
Magnetic induction in a pulse from 150 mT to 1-1.5 T; pulse repetition frequency - from 0.17 to 130 Hz; pulse duration about 140 μs.
The peculiarities of the factor's action are connected with such an electrodynamic effect as the induction of eddy electric currents in tissues - the basis of the trigger mechanism of subsequent reactions and processes. In addition, a sufficiently large magnetic induction in the impulse of the acting factor is capable of influencing the reaction of neuromuscular elements by changing the threshold of perception of various stimuli by receptors of sensory and motor neurons, again based on electrodynamic changes in them.
The main clinical effects of magnetic therapy are: analgesic, neuromyostimulating, vasoactive, trophic, and anti-edematous.
Equipment: “AVIMP”, “Seta”, “Biomag”, “AMIT-01”.
Low intensity pulsed magnetic therapy
Low-intensity pulsed magnetic therapy is a method of local exposure to a low-intensity pulsed low-frequency magnetic field, carried out using one or two inductors contacted to certain areas of the patient's body.
Types of low-intensity pulsed low-frequency magnetic field:
- pulsating magnetic field (PMF) - pulsed low-frequency magnetic field with a half-sinusoidal pulse shape of one polarity with equal pulse duration and intervals between them (duty cycle - 1:1); magnetic induction in a pulse of 30-75 mT; pulse repetition frequency of 0.17-30 mT; duration of pulses and pauses of 1.5 s;
- running magnetic field (RMF) - pulsed low-frequency magnetic field with a rectangular pulse shape of one polarity with equal pulse duration and intervals between them (duty cycle - 1:1); magnetic induction in a pulse of 10-33 mT; pulse repetition frequency of 10 or 100 Hz; duration of pulses and pauses of 1.5 s;
- rotating magnetic field (RMF) - pulsed low-frequency magnetic field with alternating pulses of opposite polarity of rectangular shape with equal pulse duration and intervals between them (duty cycle - 1:1); magnetic induction in a pulse of 15 or 30 mT; pulse repetition frequency of 12-25 Hz, duration of pulses and pauses of 1.5 s.
The basis of the action of the factors is similar to a constant magnetic field.
Features of the influence of various types of low-intensity pulsed magnetic field:
- The PUMP, by changing the pulse repetition frequency, allows the implementation of the principle of synchronization of action;
- BeMP causes the emergence of magnetohydrodynamic forces in the blood and lymph;
- Due to the constant direction of the field action shift, VrMP allows for magnetophoresis of medicinal products.
The main clinical effects of magnetic therapy are: vasoactive (mainly improving microcirculation), anti-inflammatory (mainly anti-edematous), trophic, local anesthetic, and hypocoagulant.
Equipment:
- devices inducing PuMP: “Polyus-1”, “Polyus-2”, “PDMT”, “Cascade”, “Magniter”, “Mavr-2”, “BIOS”, “Eros”, “Biopotentser”, “EDMA”;
- devices that induce BeMP: "Alimp-1", "BIMP", "Aurora-MK-01", "Atos";
- devices that induce VrMP: "Polus-3", "Kolibri", "Magnetoturbotron-2M", "EDMA".
Variable low frequency magnetic therapy
Variable low-frequency magnetic therapy is a method of local exposure to a low-intensity variable low-frequency magnetic field, carried out using one or two inductors contacted to certain areas of the patient's body.
Magnetotherapy uses magnetic induction up to 50 mT; oscillation frequency 50-150 Hz; oscillation shape is sinusoidal.
The basis of the action of the factors is similar to a constant magnetic field. The peculiarity of the influence of the VMF is due to the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of the field, which leads to the emergence of multidirectional electrodynamic changes in the structures and tissues of the body during the first and second phases of the period of oscillations of the magnetic field.
The main clinical effects of magnetic therapy are: vasoactive (mainly improving microcirculation), anti-inflammatory (mainly anti-edematous), trophic, local anesthetic, hypocoagulant.
Equipment: "Polus-1", "Polus-2", "Polus-2D", "Polus-1 101", "PDMT", "Magniter", "Mavr-2", "MAG-30", "NLM", 1 "Gradient-1".