Loparness
Lopeworm is the characteristic location of the auricles - they do not adhere to the temporal bones, but protrude, sometimes quite strongly.
From the point of view of aesthetics, such a feature is considered a flaw and can often provoke the appearance of various complexes associated with the reaction of others to this defect.
Epidemiology
Approximately half of the world's inhabitants are born with ears protruding to varying degrees, among them boys and girls equally. However, girls more successfully hide this shortcoming with long hair, so it seems that the ears are much larger.
Not all nations have a lop-eared fault, perhaps only from Europeans. The Japanese consider it more sensual people with protruding ears, in Korea, the ear is a symbol of well-being, prosperity and attractiveness.
The ears of the modern representative of the European race are currently considered to be ears 65 mm long, 35 mm wide, and 15-20 mm long ear lobes. The top of the curl should be at the level of the arch of the eyebrow, the bottom of the lobe - at the level of the base of the tip of the nose. If the upper and / or lower point of the ear is located above (below) the named levels, the ear can be considered large. The axis of the ideal ear at 20º is tilted back from the line that runs from the upper edge of the curl through the earlobe.
Symptoms of the lop-ears
Signs of lop-ears:
- a solution of the angle formed by the shell of the ear and a temporal bone of more than 30 °;
- Smoothed contours of the auricle and antifloric.
The most frequently protruding ears are the result of an underdeveloped, weakly expressed antiducle (a tubercle on the inner lobe of the external ear located opposite the curl). The antiviral can be absent completely - in this case all the ear protrudes, or to some extent - then only the upper part of the auricle protrudes.
Other types of lop-eared - the external ear is noticeably given out due to the increase in the volume and mass of the cartilage on which it is located.
Occasionally, the bulging of the lobule occurs, due to the growth of the shell of the outer ear or features of the shape of the tail of the curl.
There are cases of ottopryrennosti ears in combination with a uniform increase in the size of the external ear. Macrotia is a proportional ear, the size of which does not correspond to the size of the facial bones of the skull. This ear looks more "normal" for this head. This kind of lop-eared is noted with rapid growth of the ear or one of the parts of the skull. This pathology may indicate the presence of von Recklinghausen syndrome or abnormal vascular changes.
Deformed can be both ears, sometimes - one. Variants of deformation are very individual, therefore, a single medical approach to eliminating this cosmetic defect is impossible in principle.
Lop-eared in children, mostly worried about their parents, but in the case of a minor defect, seeking for surgical care is not necessary. Firstly, with the growth of the skull bones, this defect may become less noticeable, and secondly, you can correct it by choosing a suitable hairstyle. Many famous people have a similar defect, but it did not prevent them from taking place and gaining recognition.
However, if the lop-ears creates mental discomfort and prevents the child from adapting to the environment of his peers, one should turn to plastic surgery.
Stages
The necessity of otoplasty depends on the degree of lop-earedness, there are only three of them.
- the first (not immediately evident, the ears are separated from the temporal lobe of the skull by an angle not much greater than 30 °) - elimination of this deficiency occurs by eliminating excess cartilage tissue in the place of deepening the shell of the ear;
- the second (immediately noticeable, the angle of the deviation from the temporal lobe of the skull is acute, but it is close to the straight) - this case is more complicated, it consists in forming a fold of the anticancer (they refine the cartilage in the antiserum zone, create a fold, then stitch).
- The third (the ears protrude at right angles) requires the use of a comprehensive technique, which includes both the removal of excess cartilage tissue and the formation of an anti-wrinkle crease.
Protruding ears in themselves usually do not affect the health status. However, if the defect is clearly visible, the child may face peer ridicule and poorly hidden reactions of adults. Not too significant lack of appearance can cause the child to develop an inferiority complex. Insulting nicknames, stuck since childhood, can become the causes of future mental pathologies. If a child is sensitive to ridicule, offended, crying, then for the sake of his future parents should think about correcting the shape of the ears. After all, it is in childhood and adolescence that the lop-ears cause a lot of unrest.
Occasionally, lop-earedness can have consequences and complications - if as the auricle grows, the lop-eared is aggravated, the perception of sound may worsen. In cases of significant deviation of the ear shell from the temporal lobe, the risk of frequent otitis increases.
Diagnostics of the lop-ears
Presence of lop-eared is visually visible both to the patient and his parents. A normal otolaryngologist can determine the degree of deformity, he can also consult about possible complications and recommend a method of treatment.
If, at the first visits to the otolaryngologist, for example, before the child was identified in the kindergarten, the doctor did not comment on this defect, and subsequently the child does not complain of soreness or hearing problems, diagnosis is not necessary. In case of complaints of acute pain or discomfort in the ears, you need to go for help.
The doctor will examine the patient, examine the symptoms and prescribe the necessary laboratory tests to make sure that the symptoms are not caused by complications of any chronic, inflammatory, infectious diseases, the consequences of injuries. Instrumental diagnostics in this case - magnetic resonance imaging, x-ray of the ear shell, otoscopy.
Protruding or asymmetric ears are signs of some congenital pathologies, for example, the already mentioned von Recklinghausen syndrome, the Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome (only in girls). To differentiate more serious diseases from a cosmetic defect, there is a differential diagnosis.
If it is decided to resort to otoplasty, an examination of the operating surgeon is necessary, with which it is necessary to discuss the volume of the operation. Currently, there is a computer diagnosis, which allows you to choose the procedure for the operation from the type and degree of deformation of the ear shell, the structure of the skin and the age of the patient.
Treatment of the lop-ears
To correct this deficiency, conservative (without surgical intervention), semiconservative and surgical treatment.
Treatment without surgery is performed in childhood, when the ear cartilage is still elastic and in most cases its configuration can be corrected. Especially well it is amenable to correction from birth to six months.
There are examples of successful correction of protruding ears in children up to the age of fourteen.
The design of the correction of lop-eared is very diverse. They change the shape of the ear due to the continued stabilization of the correct position of the ear cartilage.
Semiconservative treatment consists in introducing a correction fixator from the alloy of titanium and nickel under the skin of the ear. The length of the retainer is 1.5 cm, the thickness is from the hair. The main drawback of this method is the high price of the fixative material and its compatibility with human tissues. This issue is still under study.
Operative treatment of lop-eared has become widespread already when plastic surgery was not so popular. Otoplasty is not a very complicated operation, almost without complications.
Contraindications to otoplasty: dysfunction of the heart and blood vessels; allergies; diabetes mellitus and other disorders of the endocrine system; irritation of the skin in the places of the proposed operation; neoplasms; period of acute infections; thrombocytopenia; women - during menstruation.
Recovery after surgical removal of lop-eared usually proceeds without complications, but there are no rules without exception. Organisms are individual, therefore it is necessary to perform all postoperative rules recommended by specialists, and everything will be fine.
Otoplasty can be complicated:
- bleeding, which is normal, like small hematomas;
- inflammation, in the presence of its signs (fever, throbbing pain in the ear) - to the doctor;
- at the site of operation, the skin exfoliates, bubbles appear (usually it passes by itself);
- allergy to antiseptics for the treatment of the site of surgery (usually medications for allergies);
- scars, incomplete elimination of the defect, hypercorrection, asymmetry (may be associated with individual features of the patient's tissues, violation of the rules of care). In very rare cases, it is necessary to repeat the operation.
To avoid complications, you need:
- choose an experienced surgeon;
- conscientiously implement the recommendations for the care of a postoperative wound and the rules of behavior after surgery.
Operative treatment of loparoot is carried out as usual surgical scalpel, and a laser beam. The usual scalpel copes well with intractable defects associated with reconstructive modeling of the auricle. In simple more typical cases of cosmetic correction, it is better to choose laser surgery. It has several advantages:
- laser beam, coagulating the edges of dissected tissue, has less trauma, preventing blood loss, bruising, large swelling, promoting faster healing;
- The seam after the laser beam is invisible after a month, and after a year it disappears altogether;
- with laser correction, the operating field is clearly visible;
- The operation zone is absolutely sterile, because The fabrics touch only the laser beam;
- high accuracy of operation, adjacent skin areas are not injured;
- laser scalpel cuts fabric layer by layer 2-3mm;
- Laser technology allows not only to dissect tissues, but also to connect (biological welding).
Otoplasty is one of the few plastic operations that are allowed to children - the cartilaginous structure of the ear is almost formed by four to five years. Restoration of the aesthetic shape of the ears is the simplest kind of otoplasty. The duration of the operation is usually less than an hour, small children operate under general anesthesia, children over 12 years old are given local anesthesia.
Surgical procedures are performed with cartilaginous tissue, therefore bleeding is negligible. After the operation, a compression bandage is worn, which is worn without taking one or two weeks off. Later you can remove the bandage during the day, but before going to bed you must wear it. This prevents accidental damage to the ears, which children can damage during active pastime. In general, during this period it is necessary to monitor the child, limiting his activity.
Cosmetic otoplasty is allowed to be carried out from the moment when the size of the ear is 85% of the adult size (4-5 years), and the child can consciously wish to correct the appearance defect. The most suitable age is 6 years. In childhood, cartilaginous tissues of the auricle coalesce quickly, usually there are no negative consequences. The main requirement is to follow the postoperative regimen to avoid ear injuries, seam divisions, hematomas, scars and scars.
Treatment of lop-eared without surgery
The age before which conservative treatment of lop-earedness is possible is estimated in different ways: most experts claim that this is the first six months of life, there is an opinion that there is a possibility of correcting this defect in the first seven years of life, even there is evidence of the elimination of lop-eared at the age of 14 years. It happens that this defect is not so noticeable or completely disappears with the growth of the bones of the skull. Advertisement ear-correctors guarantees getting rid of lop-eared even adults.
Methods of treating lop-and-go without surgery include: a bandage on the ears or correctors for lop-ears (lining on the ears of lop-ears).
The bandage is worn on the ears of the newborn. In this period, the cartilage is still soft, flexible and easily deformed. A small ottopryrennost can be adjusted by a dense cap or kerchief. The headgear that gently presses the ears should be worn at all times.
Correctors Arilis - Russian-Finnish development, are made of a transparent hypoallergenic silicone. There are options for children and adults, the children's producer promises a visible effect for three months, adults - two years later.
Proofreaders - manufactured in Spain, the variations for children and adults differ only in size, apply from three months. Children are promised to get rid of bumpy for six months, adults - visual correction during wearing.
Proofreaders Arilis and Otistik wear at least a week (can, if not disappeared - 10 days), then replace with a new one.
Proofreaders Otoplasty (Arab Emirates). Differ from the previous in terms of wearing (1-2 days). Issued for female and male ears.
In a set with proof-readers the hypoallergenic glue for their fastening on a skin of a head is delivered. Velcro from lop-ears allow you to lead a normal lifestyle - wash your hair, swim in the pool and at sea. They are glued on clean, skimmed skin, removing hair from it, in the same place.
It is recommended to glue the corrector in a dry place, because Humidity prevents good adhesion. During the gluing procedure, it is necessary to avoid the formation of wrinkles under the corrector. This can lead to diaper rash and scratches.
How to hide a bumpy ears?
Representatives of the beautiful half of mankind have long learned to hide protruding ears under the hair, making various hairstyles with lop-ears both from short hair and from long hair. Hair with lopouhosti stack so that the line of hair extends from the crown to the ears. Hair length can be any, but they must cover the upper half of the ear. Curly and curled hair well mask the protruding ears, the ends of straight - bend inward. Good haircuts, bean and quads, sesson, cascade, graduated haircuts, both symmetrical and asymmetrical.
Again in fashion, the style of grunge, assuming a few tousled and ruffled hair. In this style, a variety of haircuts are made, which will hide protruding ears and emphasize a stylish image.
Fans of long hair should tie them in the tail or braid the braid just below the occipital cavity, allowing the hair to freely fall around the face, partially covering the ears. You can leave some strands near the temples freely hanging down or curling them with spirals. If you want to pull your hair into a high hairstyle, you do not need to pick up the temporal strands of your hair, and after making a haircut, fasten them to the back of the head to hide the upper half of each ear.
Earrings-deceptions from lop-ears, in particular, fashionable cuff earrings, which since 2013 are not inferior to their positions and enriched by a variety of new models will help to divert attention from the protruding ears.
And, of course, you can hide your lop-eared with different headgear - buffs, baseball caps, scarves. This option is suitable for both women and men who prefer a sporty style in clothing.
In the presence of bumps, it is better for men to have an average hair length that hides this deficiency. Male haircuts with lop-eared for medium hair suggest a huge variety of hairstyles, including classic haircuts, which can not be avoided at business meetings.
Modern men's fashion welcomes the use of grunge style, graduation, filing - the possibilities are truly limitless.
Prevention
It is impossible to prevent lop-ears, mainly, the appearance of protruding ears is promoted by heredity, which one can not even suspect. If the baby was born as a lop-eared, it is believed that wearing dense headdresses or correctors at the youngest age (up to six months) can help, the use of correctors in childhood can also somewhat reduce the angle of the deviation of the ears from the temporal bone of the skull.
But in general, the most important thing is to stop noticing your own shortcoming, not complexing, not complaining. Convince yourself first of all of your irresistibility, because the people around us perceive themselves as we see ourselves.
You can perceive the ears of a rat not as a defect, but as a peculiarity, a feature of appearance. And then the people around will see before them a confident, charming person, and not sticking out their ears.
Medical expert editor
Portnov Alexey Alexandrovich
Education: Kiev National Medical University. A.A. Bogomolets, Specialty - "General Medicine"
Other articles on the topic
Sulfur plug in children is a problem that many parents face. Consider the main causes of pathology, methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention.
The latest research relating Loparness
