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Knee orthosis
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
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Knee lesions are quite common in patients with rheumatological diseases (primarily rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis). The use of such immobilizing devices as a knee joint orthosis (bandage, "knee pad") in the acute phase of arthritis helps reduce the pain of the syndrome and local signs of inflammation, and prevent flexion contractures.
Damage to the knee ligaments leads to its dynamic instability and, as a consequence, to a general decrease in functional capacity. In such a case, it is very advisable to use a knee joint orthosis.
In recent years, so-called valgus and varus fixing devices, operating on the principle of "three points", have become widespread. They are designed to relieve the medial or lateral condyles of the tibia in the corresponding forms of gonarthrosis.
Staged orthotics gives positive results in the treatment of flexion contractures (especially in children).
Special dynamic fixing devices occupy a special place in clinical practice. They allow for dosed limitation of the range of motion. They are used in the rehabilitation period of arthroplastic surgeries.
What is a knee brace used for?
For static knee joint orthoses – to provide rest to the inflamed organ in an optimal position, for dynamic ones – to reduce pain and improve the function of the joint structures.
Testimony
Arthritis and arthrosis of the knee; knee instability due to insufficiency of the lateral and cruciate ligaments; meniscus damage; patellar instability; staged development of joint structures after arthroplastic operations.
Contraindications
Circulatory disorders of the lower extremities (absolute contraindication: deep vein thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities). In the initial stages of varicose veins of the superficial veins, the use of knee joint orthoses is possible together with anti-varicose products.
Methodology and aftercare
Before prescribing fixing devices, a consultation with a vascular surgeon or phlebologist is necessary (to assess the condition of the vessels of the lower extremities).
Depending on the degree of rigidity of the structure, several types can be distinguished: soft-elastic bandages without lateral stiffening ribs: soft-elastic with lateral stiffening ribs; knee joint orthoses with lateral non-adjustable hinges and knee devices with lateral adjustable hinges. Most fixing devices and bandages are manufactured serially. Knee devices are usually individually manufactured.
Effect. When using the device, patients are more stable while walking (activation of proprioceptive mechanisms). Due to stabilization and unloading of the knee, pain syndrome is reduced.
Factors Affecting Efficiency
An important parameter is the accuracy of selection and ease of use. Valgus and varus devices are effective for non-fixed unstable corresponding settings of the shin up to 10-15°. However, difficulties in putting on and taking off, bulkiness and low aesthetic characteristics often lead to patients refusing to use them.
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Complications
Sometimes, with excessive compression of soft tissues (incorrectly selected size), blood supply disturbances in the orthopedic limb may occur.
If the knee brace is ineffective, surgical treatment is used.