Injury of the tooth: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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[Symptoms of tooth contusion
In case of an injury, the child's tooth acquires a crimson-pink color at first, then a reactive inflammation of the periodontium and necrosis of the pulp, which causes a darkening of the crown of the tooth. The stability of the tooth is not significantly affected. From the 2nd-3rd day after the trauma on the intraoral contact radiograph, the thickening of the entire periodontal is clearly defined, and on the 8th-12th day around the tip of the root of the tooth there is a focus of osteoporosis that sometimes grabs the area of adjacent teeth.
In the future, a normal bone structure gradually appears on the site of osteoporosis, but at the tip of the root of the damaged tooth there remains for a long time a small focus of rarefaction resembling a picture of granulomatous periodontitis. Sometimes cyst formation starts from this focus (8-12 months after the injury). In some cases, the destructive process at the tip of the root of the bruised tooth progresses, causing bone destruction, perforation of the bottom of the nasal cavity, inflammation of the maxillary sinus, osteomyelitis of the jaw.
Treatment of tooth contusion
Treatment of tooth contusion first conservative - the appointment of liquid food, lubrication of the gums around the damaged tooth 5% with alcohol solution of iodine 1-2 times a day, UHF-therapy, and with the growing clinic of acute traumatic periodontitis - the introduction of antibiotics under the mucosa of the transitional fold, trepanation of the tooth with extirpation of necrotic pulp for the evacuation of exudate from periodontal disease. After this, the canal of the tooth is carefully sealed by treating it with medicines properly.