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Dislocation of the tooth: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Dislocation of the tooth is often accompanied by damage to the walls of the alveoli.
Children often have a dislocation of one or more frontal teeth.
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Symptoms of tooth dislocation
The nature and symptoms of tooth dislocation and damage to the alveolus depend largely on the place of application of force and the direction of the traumatic factor. Dislocation of the tooth can be complete (the tooth completely loses its connection with the alveolus and falls out), incomplete (the periodontal rupture occurs only in a limited area and therefore the tooth from the alveolus does not fall out, but becomes mobile) and beaten (the tooth breaks the bottom of the alveoli and plunges into the bone ). Incomplete dislocations of the tooth may have a number of clinical and roentgenological varieties.
Treatment of tooth dislocation
The threat of infection and the development of the inflammatory process in the periodontium and the alveolus with a dislocation of the tooth more than with a bruise or fracture of the tooth. Therefore, the treatment of dislocation of the tooth should be directed both at the prevention of osteomyelitis of the jaw, and on the tooth implantation. If a child under the age of 3 years has had an incomplete dislocation of the milk tooth, it should be fixed with a plastic kappa, since it is impossible to apply a wire bar at this age because of the small size of the crowns and the instability of the teeth. If the tooth is partially dislocated in a child aged 3-7 years, a smooth metal tire made of wire 1-1.3 mm thick is used (according to the Schelhorn or KS Yadrovoy technique).
Completely dislocated milk teeth should not be re-implanted because they can cause the development of the follicular cyst and, therefore, interfere with the eruption of permanent teeth. On the contrary, implantation of permanent teeth is advisable regardless of the degree of root formation, since the roots do not dissolve in all cases. In children with root resorption, determined on the radiograph, the teeth often remain immobile, performing the usual functional load.
In all cases of tooth re-implantation without its preliminary trepanation, the pulp perishes, but the roots either do not resolve at all, or dissolve longer than in the depulled teeth.