Halyazion: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Chalazion (the gradation of the century) is a noninfectious occlusion of the meibomian gland, which causes the movement of irritating fatty material into the soft tissues of the eyelid and a focal inflammatory reaction. Chalazion has a sudden onset in the form of a local edema of the eyelids; Chalazion is caused by noninfectious occlusion of the meibomian gland. Chalazion first causes hyperemia and edema, tenderness of the eyelids; over time, it turns into a small, painless nodule. The diagnosis is established clinically. Treatment consists in the use of hot compresses. Chalazion improves spontaneously, but a cut or insertion into the focus of glucocorticoids can be used to accelerate resorption.
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What causes halyazion?
Occasionally haljazion arises in the aftermath of barley, although the bowl is found on its own. A predisposing factor to the development of haljazion is the occlusion of the myibolic gland duct and the reactive inflammation around the drops of the sebaceous secret, which breaks through into the tissue of the cartilaginous tissue that is around.
Symptoms of a halazion
Chalazion causes reddening of the eyelid and swelling, swelling and pain. After 1-2 days a small painless knot or protrusion appears, directed toward the inner surface of the eyelid or occasionally to the outer surface. Chalazion is usually spontaneously opened or absorbed after 2-8 weeks, but may persist longer.
Under the skin of the eyelid, in the absence of inflammatory processes, a small, dense, not soldered skin, not painful formation first appears. This formation, slowly increasing, becomes visible from the skin. Skin over education is not changed, and from the side of the conjunctiva it shines in gray. With an increase in volume, haljazion may occasionally press on the cornea, causing the development of astigmatism, and probably distortion of vision. Small haljaziony have every chance spontaneously resolved. Sometimes haljazion opens itself on the surface of the conjunctiva mucosa. In this situation, granulation develops around the test hole. Halyazion usually does not cause painful sensations, although it is a cosmetic defect. It is quite likely the simultaneous occurrence of several chalazions on the upper and lower eyelids. Halyazion consists of granulation tissue and a large number of epithelioid and even giant cells, reminiscent of the structure of tuberculosis, although it has nothing to do with the tuberculosis process. Barley is distinguished from barley by its greater density. The skin over the haljazion is easily shifted, its color is not changed. With recurrent fast-growing halazion, differential diagnostics with the adenocarcinoma of the meibolic gland is required. To solve the problem, a histological examination of a piece of this tissue is necessary.
Slow (for several months) increase in education, its adhesion to the tarsal plate, intact skin give a basis without difficulty to establish a diagnosis of halyazion.
The diagnosis of chalazion is established clinically. If halazion is located near the internal adhesion of the eyelids, it should be differentiated from dacryocystitis, the diagnosis of which can usually be excluded if the maximal compaction and tenderness in the eyelid region for chalazion and nose for dacryocystitis are revealed. In case of successful lachrymal lavage, dacryocystitis can be excluded. Chronic chalazion, which does not respond to treatment, requires a biopsy to exclude a tumor of the eyelid.
What do need to examine?
How to examine?
Treatment of haljazion
Most halazionov disappear gradually after 1-2 months. To accelerate the resorption, hot compresses can be used for 5-10 minutes 2 or 3 times a day. Incision and curettage or curettage or glucocorticoid administration (from 0.05 to 0.2 ml of triamcinolone at a concentration of 25 mg / ml) can be indicated if chalazium is large and lasts longer than several weeks, despite conservative therapy.
Treatment of internal barley consists of taking oral antibiotics, cutting and draining, if necessary. Local antibiotics are usually ineffective.
In the initial stage, local injections of the cecal to the chalazion region in a dose of 0.4 ml are used. Sometimes, with small haljazionas, resorption is facilitated by massage with 1% yellow mercury ointment, instillations of glucocorticoids. Eye ointment with antibiotics for the eyelids. Introduction into the thickness of halazion 0.3 ml of triamcinolone acetonide. It is also recommended to apply dry heat - blue light, UHF.
Removal of haljazion
If the improvement does not begin, surgical treatment is indicated-the removal of the halyazion from the conjunctiva or the skin of the eyelid based on the localization of the pathological process. The operative removal of granulomas is performed under anesthesia with 0.25% solution of dicaine or 1% solution of novocaine. To remove the chalazion, the eyelid is clamped with a special final tweezers. Do not have a very large incision of the conjunctiva in the region of the chaliazion perpendicular to the edge of the century. Through the incision, scrape the contents with an acute spoon, remove with scissors and remove the capsule. The resulting cavity is cauterized with a solution of iodine tincture. For eyelids lay the ointment, then for a day apply a little pressing bandage. Healing occurs within 2-3 days.
What is the prognosis of chalazion?
Khalazion has a good forecast. Perhaps the formation of new halyazions.