Glomus angioma Barre-Masson (glomus tumor): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Glomus-angioma of Barre Masson (syn: Barre Masson tumor, glomus tumor, angioneuroma, tumor of myoarterial glomus) - a benign oncol organoid type, developing from the walls of the Suke-Goyer canal, which is a functional part of the glomerular arteriovenous anastomosis. It has a narrow lumen lined with endotheliocytes and surrounded by several rows of glomus cells. These cells are considered as modified smooth muscle cells that change the lumen of the anastomosis. The glomeruli are richly innervated. There are two types of glomus angiomas: solitary and multiple. The most common is a solitary type, which is a purple-colored knot with a diameter of 0.3-0.8 cm, of a soft consistency, clearly delineated, sharply painful, located deep in the dermis. It is localized more often on the extremities, especially near the nail bed. Multiple glomus angiomas are less common, they are almost painless, located inside the skin or subcutaneously. Occur more often in childhood, mainly in boys, can be combined with lesions of internal organs.

Pathomorphology of the glomus-angioma of Barre-Masson (glomus tumor). The solid node of the glomus angioma consists of a large number of small vessels, the lumens of which are lined with a single layer of flattened endotheliocytes. To the periphery of them are located in several layers of glomus cells that have a weakly eosinophilic cytoplasm and large oval nuclei, darkly stained with hematoxylin, resembling epithelial elements. In many areas, their polymorphism is noted, as well as dystrophic changes. The stroma of the tumor is scarce, represented by argyrophilic fibers and thin collagen bundles, sometimes hyalineized. When impregnating with silver nitrate, a large number of nerve fibers, more often demyelinic, are detected.

Multiple glomus angiomas do not have a capsule and consist of larger vascular gaps of irregular shape. Same. As in a solitary node, the vascular cracks are lined with a single layer of flattened endotheliocytes, but the number of glomus cells located to the periphery of the endothelial cells is much smaller, and in some cases they are absent. An increase in the number of nerve fibers is not observed. A similar structure resembles the structure of a cavernous hemangioma.

Histogenesis of the glomus-angioma of Barre-Masson (glomus tumor). Both types of glomus angiomas are associated with the arterial segment of the cutaneous glomus, or the Suke-Goyer canal. In electron microscopy, normal glomus cells are represented by smooth muscle cells. Glomus tumor cells are also smooth muscle cells in both solitary and multiple types of tumors. However, smooth muscle cells in the glomus-angiome have a polygonal shape, not a spindle shape. These cells are surrounded by a fibrous basal membrane that also separates the glomus cells from the endothelial cells. Glomus cells contain a large number of filaments, arranged in the form of bundles.

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