Galvanization
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Galvanization is a method of local exposure to direct electric current through electrodes and wet hydrophilic gaskets (or using an electrically conductive gel), which are applied to the dermal surface or mucous membranes of certain areas of the patient's body.
Galvanization has a density of current - 0.01-0.1 mA / cm2, voltage - 30-80 V.
The peculiarities of the action of the factor consist in the appearance of electrodynamic changes, the main of which are as follows:
- electric polarization in various structures and environments of the body and as its consequence - the appearance of electromotive force in these structural formations;
- electrolytic dissociation in the form of ion transport: negatively charged ions (anions) move or are oriented to the anode (+), and positive ions (cations) to the cathode (-);
- electroosmosis - movement of liquid towards the cathode;
- electrolysis - the loss of charge by ions when they reach the electrodes and converting them into electrically neutral atoms or molecules.
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What effects does galvanization have?
Galvanization has clinical effects, which are a consequence of direct action of a constant electric current on tissues and organs due to electrodynamic changes and subsequent conformational rearrangements of the corresponding structures. For possible biological reactions, an important role is played by the fact that an acidic medium forms in the anode region, which contributes to dehydration of tissues, wrinkling and compaction of cells, and an alkaline environment is formed in the cathode region, which causes swelling and loosening of the tissues.
Main clinical effects:
- Anti-inflammatory (in the area of application of the anode, due to the dehydration of tissues);
- anesthetic;
- sedative (in the application area of the anode);
- spasmolytic (in the anode application area);
- vasodilator;
- stimulation of the secretory function (in the area of application of the cathode);
- activation of metabolism.
Apparatus for galvanizing
"Flow-1", "Nion" (differs from "Stream-1" by the presence of a timer), "GR-2" (for galvanizing the oral cavity), "GK-2" (device for galvanizing and electrophoresis through the aqueous medium in 4 , "Elfor-Prof", "Elfor", "Eter" (multifunctional apparatus), "DTGE-70-01" (multifunctional apparatus), "Stiadin-01" (multifunctional apparatus).