Foreign body granuloma: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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The granuloma of a foreign body is caused by both endogenous and exogenous factors. Endogenous include keratin, sebum, urate, cholesterol and its crystals, etc .; to exogenous - mascara used for tattooing, paraffin, oils, silicone, etc. Such a reaction to keratin, for example, occurs with calcified epithelium of Malerba, bursting epidermal and follicular cysts, common acne. Clinically, the granuloma of the foreign body is manifested by nodular elements located deep in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue, mobile or welded to the surrounding tissue, topped with normal or cyanotic skin. There may be ulceration.
Pathomorphology of foreign body granuloma. The skin reaction to the foreign body is characterized by accumulations of macrophages and giant cells of foreign bodies with an admixture of plasma cells and eosinophilic granulocytes. Close to macrophages, foreign material is often found. In the case of an allergic granulomatous reaction to foreign bodies, granulomas of the tuberculoid structure are formed, consisting of epithelioid cells, among which there may be, though not always, giant cells and caseous necrosis.
Histogenesis of a granuloma of a foreign body. WT Epstein (1986) considers the granuloma of a foreign body to be a nonimmune mononuclear reaction to an endo- or exogenous stimulus. A.V. Ackerman et al. (1997), considering granuloma of a foreign body as an inflammatory response to biologically inert substances, indicate that foreign bodies can cause all other types of granulomatous inflammation, including the formation of tuberculoid, sarcoid, palisadic and suppurative granulomas.
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