Fascia of hip

The wide fascia of the thigh (fascia lata) is thick, tendon, on all sides of the thigh muscles. Proximal fascia is attached to the iliac crest, inguinal ligament, pubic symphysis and ischium, posteriorly connects with the gluteal fascia, downwards continues into the fascia fascia. In the upper third of the anterior region of the femur, within the femoral triangle, the wide fascia of the femur consists of two plates. Its deep plate (lamina profunda), covering the crural muscle and the distal ileum-lumbar muscle in front, is called the iliac-fascial fascia (fascia iliopectinea).

The superficial lamina of the wide fascia of the thigh (lamina superficialis) in front covers the superficial fore muscles of the thigh (the sartorius muscle, the straight line that leads the hamstrings), and the femoral artery and vein, which lie on the deep plate of the broad fascia (along the iliac-groove furrow). In the superficial plate distal to the inguinal ligament there is an oval subcutaneous ring, through which passes a large subcutaneous vein of the leg, which runs into the femoral vein. The subcutaneous ring (oval fossa ovalis) is closed by a trellis fascia, in which there are numerous openings for passage of small vessels and nerves. The lateral subcutaneous ring is bounded by a crescent-shaped edge. The upper horn (cornu superius) of the crescent margin medially wedges between the inguinal ligament at the top and the trellised fascia below. The lower horn (cornu inferius) of the crescent margin, being part of the superficial leaf of the wide fascia of the thigh, limits the subcutaneous ring from below. The subcutaneous ring is the external (subcutaneous) opening of the femoral canal (see above) in the case of femoral hernia exit from the pelvic cavity through the femoral canal under the hip skin.

From the wide fascia, enveloping the muscles of the thigh, two intermuscular septums, forming the osteo-fascial and fascial vagina for the muscles, depart. The lateral intermuscular septum (septum intermusculare femoris laterale), attached to the lateral lip of the rough femur line, separates the posterior group of muscles (the biceps femoris muscle) from the anterior group (quadriceps femoris). The medial intermuscular septum (septum intermusculare femoris mediale), attached to the medial lip of the rough femur line, separates the quadriceps femoris located in its anterior region from the adductor muscles (comb, long adductor and others). Sometimes, in the posterior-medial region of the femur, there is a weakly expressed posterior intermuscular septum separating the resulting muscle group (large adductor and thin muscle) from the semimembranous, semitendinous muscle belonging to the posterior group of hamstrings.

The wide fascia, splitting, forms fascial vaginas for the tensor of the wide fascia of the thigh, tailor and fine muscle. On the lateral side of the femur, the broad fascia, thickening, forms the so-called iliac-tibial tract, which is the tendon of the tensor of the broad fascia. The broad fascia below extends to the knee joint, which covers the front and sides, and further down into the fascia of the shin. At the rear, the wide fascia spreads over the popliteal fossa and here is called the popliteal fascia.

In the anterior region of the knee under the skin and under the fascia is a number of synovial bags. Between the leaves of the superficial fascia lies the subcutaneous prednadkolennikovaya bag (bursa subcutanea prepatellaris). Under its fascia is the pre-pierced subfascial bag (bursa subfascial prepatellaris). Below the patella there is a subcutaneous tuberoscopy of the tibia (bursa subcutanea tuberositas tibia), as well as a subcutaneous podnadkolennikovaya bag (bursa subcutanea infrapatellaris).

[1], [2]