Facial hematrophy: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Facial hemiatrophy (synonyms: Pari-Ramberi hemiatrophy, Rambergh's trophoneurosis).
The causes and pathogenesis of facial hemiatrophy are not established. Facial hemiaphrophy often develops in the defeat of the trigeminal nerve and vegetative innervation disorders, which can be caused genetically, progressing hemiatrophy can be the application of strip-like scleroderma.
Symptoms of facial hemiatrophy. Facial hemiaphrophy is characterized by unilateral atrophy of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and face. The development of atrophic changes "is rarely preceded by neuralgic pain. The skin of the affected part of the face is thin, dry, stretched, dyschromia, graying and hair loss are observed, often the flow and salinity is reduced. The face decreases noticeably in size, asymmetrically. There is endo- or exophthalmos. Subsequently, trophic changes extend to the masticatory muscles, and in severe cases - to the cheekbone, the lower jaw. Mimicry is changing. Atrophic changes can go to the skin of the forehead, in rare cases - the neck, shoulders, trunk and even on the opposite side of the face and body (crossed hemiatrophy). After a slow multi-year progression, spontaneous stabilization may occur. Sometimes the first symptom may be the appearance of pigmented spots on the face. Progressive hemiatrophy is sometimes combined with limited scleroderma, which can develop in the atrophy zone. The tongue and larynx are involved in the process.
Histopathology. Histologically, thinning of all layers of the skin and subcutaneous tissue is detected.
Differential diagnosis. The disease should be distinguished from limited scleroderma, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.
Treatment of face hemiatrophy. There are no specific methods of treatment. At an early stage, penicillin is prescribed per 1000000-2000000 units per day for 3-4 weeks. The means improving trophic (vitamins PP, group B, theonikol), analgesics, massage are shown. Apply exfoliating and vitaminized cream. With stabilization, cosmetic plastic surgery is performed.
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