Excision of the cervix
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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[Preparation
Before the operation, the patient must undergo a comprehensive examination. First of all, complaints are evaluated and anamnesis is studied. Then a gynecological examination is performed. Expanded colposcopy, cytological and histological examination, tests for the detection of sexually transmitted infections, the study of the hormonal background and the state of the immune system may be prescribed.
Cytological research helps to analyze the state of the epithelium in inflammatory processes and neoplasms, and also allows to monitor the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment. The sensitivity of the method is in the range of 50-90%, the specificity is 86-97%. The most qualitative results are the use of liquid cytology.
An affordable and highly informative diagnostic method is colposcopy. However, its results may be somewhat subjective.
The cause of the pathology of the cervix can become infection. Therefore, molecular-biological assays are performed to detect proliferation markers. A biopsy is a standard examination procedure used in many countries. Histology uses point or excisional biopsy, as well as diagnostic scraping of the canal.
If conization is to be carried out using general anesthesia, an electrocardiogram, a general and biochemical blood test, a general urine test, an analysis for blood coagulation are also done.
Laser excision of the cervix
One of the most popular methods. Can be carried out with the help of laser radiation of high intensity or low-power radiation. The surgeon chooses which equipment to use.
High-intensity laser - like a scalpel: for sure and with high accuracy cuts tissue. Therefore, bleeding occurs quite insignificant: less than using other, not such modern methods of cervical excision.
A low-intensity laser allows you to actually evaporate the cervix. This method is called vaporization. Also, it can be used to make the conization of the cervix. The operation with the use of a low-power laser is usually done for women aged forty years who have not yet given birth and who have developed moderate dysplasia. The main advantage of this method is that it can completely evaporate the focus of the affected tissue, avoiding scar formation.
Radio wave cervical excision
Special high-frequency devices are used for the operation. They emit electromagnetic waves of different frequencies. The created radio wave penetrates right through, heating the tissue at the point of contact. Radiosurgical excision of the cervix makes it possible not to use surgical intervention in its classical understanding and to minimize the recovery time. The method is good for its simplicity and small probability of subsequent complications.
Loop excision of the cervix
Refers to electrosurgical operations. The technique is that electrodes are applied to a diseased tissue. They transmit electricity, providing tissue coagulation along with adjacent blood vessels. This method minimizes blood loss and the appearance of nodular and scar tissue. Electrical excision of the cervix is performed using a special loop, which is needed to take the sample, and is performed under local anesthesia.
Cervical Diathermyxcisia
For dysplasia and detection of polyps on cervical walls, diathermoelectroexcision is used. The operation is performed using a globular electrode, which is superimposed on the lesion. Then the area is coagulated. The operation lasts up to 30 minutes under local anesthesia. With diathermoelectroexcession, scars often appear on the previously affected tissue. Then the pregnancy after excision of the cervix will end with traumatic birth. Scars greatly affect the elasticity of the tissue, which leads to ruptures during labor. Therefore diathermoelectroexcession is practically not applied to nulliparous women.
Of all the techniques considered for performing cervical excision, laser or radio waves are the most preferred: these types of operations are recognized as the most effective and safe.
Alternative treatment
The use of healing herbs after excision of the cervix will help to speed up tissue repair. Herbs are used in cases of small lesions of tissues, otherwise complications may arise, and well-being will only worsen. From plants and herbs prepare broths for syringing and tampons, in addition, you can take herbal tincture.
After excision of the cervix, tissue healing will occur quickly, if in addition to support the body with alternative recipes and follow the recommendations of the attending physician. And then in a few weeks the health will be restored.
Consequences and complications after cervical excision
Expression of the cervix is fraught with possible complications:
- itching, which has been troubling for several weeks;
- severe bleeding;
- development of infection;
- scar formation in the cervical canal;
- pain and spasms, if the lesion or excision sites occupy a significant area.
In the future, no complications with conception, bearing or delivery after excision of the cervix does not arise. But if during the operation a significant area of the cervix was removed or the operation had to be done more than once, it could lead to consequences. First, a decrease in the ability to conceive, and secondly, an increase in the likelihood of late miscarriages or premature births.
Rehabilitation period
After excision of the cervix, the woman is in the hospital for several hours: until the pressure and heart rate normalize. Then the patient can undergo rehabilitation at home.
The attending physician after excision of the cervix develops a plan for therapy, examinations and examinations to monitor the results of treatment.
Factors slowing recovery after surgery:
- menstruation during surgery;
- pregnancy or lactation;
- infection of the genitourinary system;
- overweight.
To avoid complications, you need to adhere to certain rules. After surgery, it is recommended to abstain for a month from sexual activity; limit weight lifting (maximum, 3 kg), exclude sports loads; you can not bathe in a sauna or bath, take a bath, swim in the pool and ponds. It is forbidden to take medications that dilute blood. Complete recovery of the cervix occurs in -6 weeks. Bloody brownish discharge after excision of the cervix usually lasts about 10-12 days. In this case, there is no reason to worry. Prolonged profuse bleeding, discharge with pus, fever, severe spasms, pain should alert. In this case, you need to see a doctor immediately.