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Erosion of the stomach and duodenum: pathogenesis
Alexey Portnov, medical expert
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Under the influence of etiological factors, the following mechanisms for the development of erosions of the gastroduodenal zone are included:
- decrease in the activity of protective factors of the mucosa of the gastroduodenal region. Protective factors include gastric mucus, optimal blood circulation in the wall of the stomach, cellular regeneration, the inhibitory effect of gastrointestinal hormones on gastric secretion (primarily hydrochloric acid formation), saliva, alkaline pancreatic juice. Of particular importance are the disruption of mucus production and the slowing down of the regeneration of the gastric epithelium, which reduces the resistance of the gastric mucosa and contributes to the development of erosion;
- activation of the factors of aggression, which include hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid, pepsin, transfer of bile into the stomach;
- increase the permeability of the gastric mucosa and enhance the reverse diffusion of hydrogen ions, which facilitates the release of pepsin from the main cells and histamine from the mast cells.
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