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Erosions of the stomach and 12-rectum - Pathogenesis
Alexey Kryvenko, medical expert
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
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Under the influence of etiological factors, the following mechanisms of development of erosions of the gastroduodenal zone are activated:
- decreased activity of protective factors of the gastroduodenal mucosa. Protective factors include gastric mucus, optimal blood circulation in the stomach wall, cellular regeneration, the inhibitory effect of gastrointestinal hormones on gastric secretion (primarily the formation of hydrochloric acid), saliva, and alkaline pancreatic juice. Of particular importance are the disruption of mucus production and the slowing down of the regeneration processes of the gastric epithelium, which reduces the resistance of the gastric mucosa and promotes the development of erosions;
- activation of aggressive factors, which include hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and the reflux of bile into the stomach;
- increasing the permeability of the gastric mucosa and enhancing the reverse diffusion of hydrogen ions, which promotes the release of pepsin from chief cells and histamine from mast cells.
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