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Erosions of the stomach and 12-rectum - Causes

Alexey Kryvenko, medical expert
Last reviewed: 06.07.2025

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The main causes of erosions of the stomach and duodenum are:

infection of the mucous membrane with Helicobacter;
psycho-emotional stress situations (adaptation disease according to G. Selye with erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastroduodenal system);
consumption of coarse, spicy, hot food and alcohol;
taking salicylates and other NSAIDs, as well as glucocorticoids, reserpine, digitalis, and some antibiotics;
congestion in the portal vein in liver cirrhosis or portal vein thrombosis (erosions form in the esophagus and stomach; chronic erosions are more often observed in alcoholic cirrhosis, and acute ones in viral cirrhosis of the liver);
hernias of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm (erosions develop in the area of the hernial sac itself and are very often complicated by bleeding);
chronic pancreatitis;
chronic liver failure;
diabetic ketoacidosis (severe degree);
diseases of the cardiovascular system and respiratory organs leading to hypoxemia of organs and tissues, including the mucous membrane of the gastroduodenal region;
exposure of the mucous membrane to occupational hazards (heavy metal salts, acids, alkalis, etc.);
duodenogastric reflux and bile reflux into the stomach (detergent effect of bile on the gastric mucosa);
malignant or systemic process in the gastric mucosa (cancer, lymphoma, etc.).

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