Eczema of the vestibule of the nose: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Eczema nasal artery is a very common disease that complicates various infectious colds due to abundant discharge from the nose and maceration of the skin. It is observed most often in people with metabolic disorders, in which eczema of the vestibule of the nose is prone to recurrence and chronicization of the process. The microbiota can be polymorphic, depending on the nature of the infection in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses.

Pathogenesis of eczema of the vestibule of the nose. The pathogenesis is based on polyvalent (rarely monovalent) sensitization of the skin, as a result of which it reacts inappropriately to a variety of exogenous and endogenous effects, which can be defined as a neuro-allergic process of myoffactory genesis. As a rule, skin sensitization develops on the background of functional changes in the nervous system that arise under the influence of stressful situations and somatogenic neuroses (liver, GIT, endocrine system diseases). In childhood, eczema is associated with exudative diathesis. A certain pathogenetic role can play professional factors, as well as genetic predisposition. There are true eczema, the etiology of which is associated with neuroendocrine disorders, microbial eczema (typical for eczema of the vestibule of the nose), seborrhoea and occupational eczema.

Pathological anatomy: hyperemia of the skin of the entrance to the nose, the appearance of small vesicles, from which serous fluid is released, causing skin maceration and all inflammation. At autopsy vesicles occur small ulcers. After a few days (the second phase) the vesicles dry out, grayish-yellowish crusts appear. Desquamation of the vestibular epidermis occurs, and cracks appear in the skin. The process can pass into a chronic course, depending on the availability of conditions conducive to this.

The clinical course is determined by the phases of the disease. The first phase is characterized by acute course: itching, burning sensation, hyperemia of the skin of the vestibule of the nose. Touching the affected areas causes pain due to secondary inflammation. In the chronic stage, the most frequent, subjective symptoms are characterized by a feeling of tightening of the nasal tissue, dryness and the presence of painful cracks in the area of the transition of the wings of the nose to the base of the entrance to the nose.

Complications are caused by superinfection, which can manifest impetigo, furunculosis and erysipelatous inflammation of the nose and adjacent areas of the face.

Treatment of eczema on the eve of the nose is very difficult and time-consuming. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the local causes of eczema, such as chronic rhinorrhea, inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, allergic processes in PNS. Conduct appropriate treatment with concomitant diseases and normalize the function of the central nervous system. Prescribe antihistamines and sedatives, often the effect is given by "small" tranquilizers. The diet for exacerbations is mainly milky-vegetable. In acute cases, accompanied by puffiness and dizziness, diuretics, calcium preparations, ascorbic acid and rutin. Locally - lotions of boric acid, ethacridine lactate (rivanol), furatsilina, etc. To eliminate acute phenomena apply paste (2-5% boron-naphthalan, boron-tar, zinc, etc.), then ointments (sulfur, naphthalan tar - when spreading eczema to neighboring areas of the face). With pronounced infiltration and lichenification, UHF. With common forms with persistent current, corticosteroids are administered per os.

The prognosis for true eczema with regard to the final cure is uncertain, since any stressful situation of a psychogenic or somatogenic nature leads to a relapse of the disease. At the same time, other forms of eczema under rational treatment are amenable to complete cure.

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