Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (dermatology)

Congenital melanocytic nevi

Congenital melanocytic nevi (syn: birthmarks, giant pigmented nevi) - melanocytic nevus, existing since birth. Small congenital nevuses do not exceed 1.5 cm in diameter.

According to the WHO classification (1995), the following varieties of melanocytic nevi are distinguished: borderline; complex (mixed); intradermal; epithelioid and / or spindle cellular; nevus from balloon-shaped cells; halonews; giant pigmented nevus; fibrous papule of the nose (involutional nevus); blue nevus; cellular blue nevus.

Hypopigmentation and skin depigmentation: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Hypopigmentation and depigmentation of the skin are accompanied by a significant decrease or complete disappearance of melanin. They can be congenital and acquired, limited and diffuse. An example of depigmentation of a congenital nature is albinism.

Hyperpigmentation of the skin

Violation of melanogenesis leads either to excessive formation of melanin, or to a significant decrease in its content or its complete disappearance - depigmentation.

Corticosteroid skin atrophy: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Corticosteroid skin atrophy is one of the side effects of prolonged corticosteroid therapy, general or local. The degree of skin atrophy in these cases is different, up to the depletion of the entire skin, which looks old, easily traumatized.

Poikiloderma vascular atrophic: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Poikiloderma vascular atrophic (syn: yakobi's phylorodermia, erythematous maternal atrophoderma atrophy, etc.) is clinically manifested by a combination of atrophic skin changes, de and hyperpigmentation, spotted or mesh hemorrhages and telangiectasias, which gives the skin a distinctive "motley" appearance.

Striped skin atrophy: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Skin atrophy is striped (blue striped atrophodermia) - a kind of atrophy of the skin in the form of narrow wavy, sunken bands. Etiology and pathogenesis are not established.

Atrophoderma worm-like: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Atrophodermia wormlike (syn: vermiform acne, atrophodermia of the face netted symmetrical, reticular scar-erythematous folliculitis, etc.). Etiology and pathogenesis are unknown.

Disorders of mineral metabolism (mineral dystrophy): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

In the skin, the most important is the violation of calcium metabolism (calcification of the skin). Calcium plays an important role in the permeability of cell membranes, the excitability of nerve formations, blood coagulation, regulation of acid-base metabolism, and the formation of the skeleton.

Disorder of chromoprotein metabolism: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

The disruption of chromoprotein metabolism concerns both exogenous and endogenous pigments. Endogenous pigments (chromoproteins) are divided into three types: hemoglobinogenic, proteinogenic and lipidogenic. Disturbances consist in decreasing or increasing the amount of pigments formed in the norm, or the appearance of pigments formed in pathological conditions.

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