Deciphering a coprogram

Coprogram for pathology

Quantity. A decrease in the amount of feces is observed with constipation, an increase - with a violation of the flow of bile, insufficient digestion in the small intestine (fermentative and putrefactive dyspepsia, inflammatory processes), with colitis with diarrhea, colitis with ulcers, accelerated evacuation from the small and large intestines, pancreatic insufficiency (up to 1 kg or more).

Consistency. Dense, formed feces (in addition to the norm) are possible with insufficient gastric digestion; pasty - with impaired secretion of the pancreas and no bile flow; liquid - with insufficient digestion in the small intestine (putrefactive dyspepsia or accelerated evacuation) and large intestine (colitis with ulceration or increased secretory function); mushy - with fermentative dyspepsia, colitis with diarrhea and accelerated evacuation from the large intestine; foamy - with fermentative dyspepsia; sheep-like - with colitis with constipation.

Color. Black or tarry - with gastrointestinal bleeding; dark brown - with insufficient gastric digestion, putrefactive dyspepsia, colitis with constipation, colitis with ulceration, increased secretory function of the colon, constipation; light brown - with accelerated evacuation from the colon; reddish - with colitis with ulceration; yellow - with insufficient digestion in the small intestine and fermentative dyspepsia; light yellow - with pancreatic insufficiency; light white - with impaired bile flow into the intestine.

Smell. Putrid - with insufficient gastric digestion, putrefactive dyspepsia, colitis with constipation, intestinal motility disorders; fetid - with impaired secretion of the pancreas, lack of bile flow, increased secretory function of the large intestine; weak - with insufficient digestion in the large intestine, constipation, accelerated evacuation from the small intestine; mild - with colitis with ulceration; sour - with fermentative dyspepsia; butyric acid - with accelerated evacuation from the large intestine.

Reaction. Weakly basic - with insufficient digestion in the small intestine; basic - with insufficient gastric digestion, impaired pancreatic secretion, colitis with constipation, colitis with ulceration, increased secretory function of the colon, constipation; strongly basic - with putrefactive dyspepsia; strongly acidic - with fermentative dyspepsia.

Stercobilin. The amount of stercobilin decreases in hepatitis, cholangitis; increases in hemolytic anemia.

Bilirubin. Appears with accelerated peristalsis, accelerated evacuation from the intestine, with long-term use of antibiotics and sulfonamides (suppression of intestinal microflora).

Soluble protein. Determined in case of putrefactive dyspepsia, colitis with ulcers, increased secretory function of the colon, bleeding, inflammatory processes.

Muscle fibers. They are found primarily in cases of gastric digestion deficiency, pancreatic secretion disorder, and intestinal absorption disorder. The presence of muscle fibers in feces is accompanied by a picture of putrefactive dyspepsia.

Connective tissue. Present in gastric digestion insufficiency and in functional pancreatic insufficiency.

Neutral fat. It is found mainly in case of insufficient secretion of the pancreas, and not other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

Fatty acids. They are detected in the absence of bile flow, insufficient digestion in the small intestine, accelerated evacuation from the small intestine, fermentative dyspepsia, insufficient secretion of the pancreas and accelerated evacuation from the large intestine.

Soaps. Present in the stool in excess in all the conditions listed above for fatty acids, but with a tendency to constipation.

Starch. Determined in case of pancreatic secretion disorder, insufficient digestion in the small intestine, fermentative dyspepsia, accelerated evacuation from the large intestine, insufficient gastric digestion.

Iodophilic flora. Found in cases of insufficient digestion in the small intestine, accelerated evacuation from the large intestine, fermentative dyspepsia, and pancreatic secretion disorders.

Digestible fiber. It is revealed in cases of gastric digestion insufficiency, putrefactive dyspepsia, absence of bile flow, insufficient digestion in the small intestine, accelerated evacuation from the large intestine, fermentative dyspepsia, insufficient secretion of the pancreas, colitis with ulcers.

Mucus. It is found in colitis with constipation, with ulcerations, fermentative and putrefactive dyspepsia, increased secretory function of the colon, and constipation.

Erythrocytes. They are found in colitis with ulcers, dysentery, hemorrhoids, polyps, and anal fissures. "Hidden" blood is found in gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, and in malignant diseases of the stomach and intestines.

Leukocytes. Found in colitis with ulcers. The appearance of leukocytes in the stool in paraintestinal abscess indicates its breakthrough into the intestine, in the presence of a tumor - its decay.

Calcium oxalate crystals. Accumulate when gastric digestion is insufficient.

Charcot-Leyden crystals. They are detected in amoebic dysentery and when eosinophilic granulocytes enter the feces (allergy, helminthic invasion).

Hemosiderin crystals. Detected after intestinal bleeding.

Helminth eggs. They are detected in various helminthiases.

Entamoeba histolytica (dysenteric amoeba). The vegetative form and cysts are detected in amoebic dysentery, and are present only in fresh feces.

Lamblia. Vegetative forms and cysts are found in giardiasis. Usually, the vegetative form is detected only in profuse diarrhea or after the action of strong laxatives.

Balantidium coli. The vegetative form and cysts are detected in balantidiasis.

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